垂头蒲公英Taraxacum nutans Dahlst.
垂头蒲公英Taraxacum nutans Dahlst.
58. 垂头蒲公英（太原植物志）图版3：10-12
Taraxacum nutans Dahlst. in Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 26: 264. f. 1. 1932; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 22: 657. 1969; 太原植物志2: 712. 1992.
二年生草本。叶披针形、狭披针形或倒卵状披针形，长10-15厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，先端钝或具疏或密的尖齿，全缘，稀具浅裂片，外层叶无毛或疏被蛛丝毛；内层叶被密蛛丝状毛。花葶1至数个，直立，高10-30厘米，约与叶等长或稍长于叶，上部被密白色蛛丝状毛，下部毛较疏；头状花序直径50-55毫米；总苞钟状，长18-20毫米，花后常下垂，总苞片约4层，近等长，线形，基部弧状或多少弯曲，先端具带紫色的短角状突起；舌状花橙黄褐色，舌片长25毫米，宽2.5毫米，初时平展，后反卷，边缘花舌片背面有紫色条纹，花柱和柱头暗绿色。瘦果长3.5-4毫米，污褐色，先端尖，具短刺状突起，下部多少具瘤状突起或光滑，具圆柱形喙基，喙基长0.5-1毫米，喙长10-15毫米；冠毛污白色或淡黄白色，长6-8毫米。花果期6-7月。2n=16。
产山西、陕西东南部（渭南）、宁夏南部（海原）及河北西部（阜平）。生于海拔1 100-3200米山坡草地或林下。模式标本采自山西。
形态特征：二年生草本。叶披针形、狭披针形或倒卵状披针形，长10—15厘米，宽1．5—2厘米，先端钝或具疏或密的尖齿，全缘，稀具浅裂片，外层叶无毛或疏被蛛丝毛；内层叶被密蛛丝状毛。花葶1至数个，直立，高10—30厘米，约与叶等长或稍长于叶，上部被密白色蛛丝状毛，下部毛较疏；头状花序直径50—55毫米；总苞钟状，长18—20毫米，花后常下垂，总苞片约4层，近等长，线形，基部弧状或多少弯曲，先端具带紫色的短角状突起；舌状花橙黄褐色，舌片长25毫米，宽2．5毫米，初时平展，后反卷，边缘花舌片背面有紫色条纹，花柱和柱头暗绿色。瘦果长3．5—4毫米，污褐色，先端尖，具短刺状突起，下部多少具瘤状突起或光滑，具圆柱形喙基，喙基长0．5—1毫米，喙长10—15毫米；冠毛污白色或淡黄白色，长6—8毫米。花果期6—7月。2n=16。
产地分布：产山西、陕西东南部(渭南)、宁夏南部(海原)及河北西部(阜平)。生于海拔1100—3200米山坡草地或林下。模式标本采自山西。
参考文献：Taraxacum nutans Dahlst．In Svensk Bot．Tidskr．26：264．F．1，1932；S．Y．Hu in Quart．Journ．Taiwan Mus．22：657．1969；太原植物志2：712．1992．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
1. Taraxacum nutans Dahlstedt, Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 26: 264. 1932.
垂头蒲公英 chui tou pu gong ying
Herbs to 45 cm tall, robust, perennial but often mistakenly reported to be biennial. Leaves basally indistinctly narrowed into a winged green or purplish petiole; leaf blade pale grayish green, oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, 20-30 × 3-5 cm, arachnoid to densely arachnoid, margin usually dentate or rarely with patent acute lobules. Scapes pale brownish green, sparsely arachnoid near base but very densely arachnoid below capitulum, hairs pale brownish. Capitulum 5-6 cm wide. Involucre to 1.3 cm wide, base ± rounded. Outer phyllaries to 40, linear-lanceolate, 1.5-1.8 × 0.2-0.3 cm, irregularly recurved, apically attenuate, middle part paler green, venation prominent, border purplish or membranous, margin dentate and apically ciliate, apex with a large acute horn; inner phyllaries 1.5-1.7 cm, narrow. Ligules yellowish orange, later light brownish orange; outer ligules flat, striped purplish; inner ligules involute. Stigmas deep brownish grayish green, dark blackish violet when dry. Anthers polliniferous; pollen grains regular in size. Achene pale brown, 3.5-5 × 1-1.5 mm; body apically densely spinulose-squamulose and subabruptly narrowing into a 0.5-0.8 mm subconic cone; beak 1.2-1.5 cm. Pappus 6-7 mm. Fl. late summer. Sexual. 2n = 16*● Mountain grassland slopes and forests, along paths; 1100-3200 m. W Hebei, S Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi.
别名：蒲公英;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：蒲公英属 Taraxacum
58. 垂头蒲公英（太原植物志）图版3：10-12
Taraxacum nutans Dahlst. in Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 26: 264. f. 1. 1932; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 22: 657. 1969; 太原植物志2: 712. 1992.
二年生草本。叶披针形、狭披针形或倒卵状披针形，长10-15厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，先端钝或具疏或密的尖齿，全缘，稀具浅裂片，外层叶无毛或疏被蛛丝毛；内层叶被密蛛丝状毛。花葶1至数个，直立，高10-30厘米，约与叶等长或稍长于叶，上部被密白色蛛丝状毛，下部毛较疏；头状花序直径50-55毫米；总苞钟状，长18-20毫米，花后常下垂，总苞片约4层，近等长，线形，基部弧状或多少弯曲，先端具带紫色的短角状突起；舌状花橙黄褐色，舌片长25毫米，宽2.5毫米，初时平展，后反卷，边缘花舌片背面有紫色条纹，花柱和柱头暗绿色。瘦果长3.5-4毫米，污褐色，先端尖，具短刺状突起，下部多少具瘤状突起或光滑，具圆柱形喙基，喙基长0.5-1毫米，喙长10-15毫米；冠毛污白色或淡黄白色，长6-8毫米。花果期6-7月。2n=16。
产山西、陕西东南部（渭南）、宁夏南部（海原）及河北西部（阜平）。生于海拔1 100-3200米山坡草地或林下。模式标本采自山西。
形态特征：二年生草本。叶披针形、狭披针形或倒卵状披针形，长10—15厘米，宽1．5—2厘米，先端钝或具疏或密的尖齿，全缘，稀具浅裂片，外层叶无毛或疏被蛛丝毛；内层叶被密蛛丝状毛。花葶1至数个，直立，高10—30厘米，约与叶等长或稍长于叶，上部被密白色蛛丝状毛，下部毛较疏；头状花序直径50—55毫米；总苞钟状，长18—20毫米，花后常下垂，总苞片约4层，近等长，线形，基部弧状或多少弯曲，先端具带紫色的短角状突起；舌状花橙黄褐色，舌片长25毫米，宽2．5毫米，初时平展，后反卷，边缘花舌片背面有紫色条纹，花柱和柱头暗绿色。瘦果长3．5—4毫米，污褐色，先端尖，具短刺状突起，下部多少具瘤状突起或光滑，具圆柱形喙基，喙基长0．5—1毫米，喙长10—15毫米；冠毛污白色或淡黄白色，长6—8毫米。花果期6—7月。2n=16。
产地分布：产山西、陕西东南部(渭南)、宁夏南部(海原)及河北西部(阜平)。生于海拔1100—3200米山坡草地或林下。模式标本采自山西。
参考文献：Taraxacum nutans Dahlst．In Svensk Bot．Tidskr．26：264．F．1，1932；S．Y．Hu in Quart．Journ．Taiwan Mus．22：657．1969；太原植物志2：712．1992．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
1. Taraxacum nutans Dahlstedt, Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 26: 264. 1932.
垂头蒲公英 chui tou pu gong ying
Herbs to 45 cm tall, robust, perennial but often mistakenly reported to be biennial. Leaves basally indistinctly narrowed into a winged green or purplish petiole; leaf blade pale grayish green, oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, 20-30 × 3-5 cm, arachnoid to densely arachnoid, margin usually dentate or rarely with patent acute lobules. Scapes pale brownish green, sparsely arachnoid near base but very densely arachnoid below capitulum, hairs pale brownish. Capitulum 5-6 cm wide. Involucre to 1.3 cm wide, base ± rounded. Outer phyllaries to 40, linear-lanceolate, 1.5-1.8 × 0.2-0.3 cm, irregularly recurved, apically attenuate, middle part paler green, venation prominent, border purplish or membranous, margin dentate and apically ciliate, apex with a large acute horn; inner phyllaries 1.5-1.7 cm, narrow. Ligules yellowish orange, later light brownish orange; outer ligules flat, striped purplish; inner ligules involute. Stigmas deep brownish grayish green, dark blackish violet when dry. Anthers polliniferous; pollen grains regular in size. Achene pale brown, 3.5-5 × 1-1.5 mm; body apically densely spinulose-squamulose and subabruptly narrowing into a 0.5-0.8 mm subconic cone; beak 1.2-1.5 cm. Pappus 6-7 mm. Fl. late summer. Sexual. 2n = 16*● Mountain grassland slopes and forests, along paths; 1100-3200 m. W Hebei, S Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi.