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紫花蒲公英Taraxacum lilacinum Krassn. ex Schischk.

紫花蒲公英Taraxacum lilacinum Krassn. ex Schischk.

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:蒲公英属 Taraxacum

《中国植物志》第80(2)卷060页
  56.紫花蒲公英(八一农学院学报)图版6:1-3
  Taraxacum lilacinum Krassn. ex Schischk. in Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sc. URSS 7: 4. 1937; Schischk. Fl. URSS, 29: 529. 1964; Dshan. Fl. Kirgiz. SSR 11: 494. 1965; Oraz. Fl. Kazak. 9: 492. t. 54, f. 7. 1966, Иллюс.опр. раст. Казах. 2: 447. t. 79, f. 14. 1972. et Одув. Казах. и Сед. Азии 86. t. 17, f. 9. 1975.
  多年生草本。根颈部被少量黑褐色残存叶基,叶基腋部被稀少的长曲毛。叶长3-10厘米,宽5-15毫米,长椭圆形,不分裂、全缘或具齿或羽状浅裂,顶裂片小,先端急尖,全缘,每侧裂片2-3片,三角形,平展,先端急尖,全缘,裂片间无齿或具小裂片,无毛。花葶1-2,较粗壮,长于叶,高7-15厘米,无毛;头状花序直径约15-20毫米;总苞宽钟状,长9-14毫米,总苞片黑绿色,先端无角或稍有胼胝状加厚;外层总苞片卵状披针形至披针形,长3-4毫米,宽2-2.5毫米,伏贴或稍开展,几无膜质边缘,等宽或稍宽于内层总苞片;内层总苞片长为外层总苞片的1.5-2倍;舌状花紫红色,花冠无毛,舌片长10-11毫米,宽1.5-2毫米,基部筒长3-3.5毫米,柱头干时黑色。瘦果淡黄褐色,长约3毫米,上部1/4有多数小刺,其余部分具少数小瘤状突起或无瘤,顶端渐缩为长0.5-0.7毫米的喙基,喙长2.5-4毫米;冠毛白色,长约6毫米。花果期6-7月。
  产新疆(乌鲁木齐、阜康、布尔津、精河、乌苏、察布查尔、尼勒克、昭苏、和静、温宿等地)。生于海拔2500米以上高山草甸、草甸草原。哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦也有分布。
形态特征:多年生草本。根颈部被少量黑褐色残存叶基,叶基腋部被稀少的长曲毛。叶长3—10厘米,宽5—15毫米,长椭圆形,不分裂、全缘或具齿或羽状浅裂,顶裂片小,先端急尖,全缘,每侧裂片2—3片,三角形,平展,先端急尖,全缘,裂片间无齿或具小裂片,无毛。花葶1—2,较粗壮,长于叶,高7—15厘米,无毛;头状花序直径约15--20毫米;总苞宽钟状,长9—14毫米,总苞片黑绿色,先端无角或稍有胼胝状加厚;外层总苞片卵状披针形至披针形,长3—4毫米,宽2—2.5毫米,伏贴或稍开展,几无膜质边缘,等宽或稍宽于内层总苞片;内层总苞片长为外层总苞片的1.5—2倍;舌状花紫红色,花冠无毛,舌片长10—11毫米,宽1.5--2毫米,基部筒长3—3.5毫米,柱头干时黑色。瘦果淡黄褐色,长约3毫米,上部1/4有多数小刺,其余部分具少数小瘤状突起或无瘤,顶端渐缩为长0.5---0.7毫米的喙基,喙长2,5—4毫米;冠毛白色,长约6毫米。花果期6—7月。
产地分布:产新疆(乌鲁木齐、阜康、布尔津、精河、乌苏、察布查尔、尼勒克、昭苏、和静、温宿等地)。生于海拔2500米以上高山草甸、草甸草原。哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦也有分布。
参考文献:Taraxacum lilacinum Krassn.Ex Schischk.In Not.Syst.Herb.Inst.Eot.Acad.Sc. URSS 7:4. 1937;Schischk.F1.URSS,29:529,1964;Dshan.F1.Kirgiz.SSR 11: 494.1965;Oraz.N.Kazak.9:492.T.54,f·7.1966,Hππoc.Onp.Pact.Ka3ax.2: 447. T.79,f, 14.1972.Et OπyB.Ka3ax.H Cpeπ.A3HH 86.T. 17,f.9.1975.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
98. Taraxacum lilacinum Schischkin, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 7: 4. 1937.
紫花蒲公英 zi hua pu gong ying
Herbs 4-12 cm tall. Petiole green to pinkish, unwinged; leaf blade mid-green, ± spatulate-oblanceolate, 2.5-8 × 0.5-1.7 cm, glabrous, undivided, margin usually remotely dentate or less often with remote short triangular lobules, apex subacute. Scapes brownish green, usually overtopping leaves, glabrous. Capitulum 2-2.5 cm wide. Involucre 7-9 mm wide, base broadly rounded. Outer phyllaries 8-13, middle part deep grayish green to blackish green, ± not imbricate, ± lanceolate, often broadest in middle, outermost ones 4-5(-8) × 1.5-2.3 mm and 1/2-2/3 as long as inner ones, ± appressed, unbordered or with a gradual transition into paler to whitish 0.1-0.3 mm wide border, margin glabrous, flat below apex; inner phyllaries 1.1-1.4 cm, ± flat below apex. Ligules deep pink to light pinkish violet; outer ligules faintly striped deeper pink. Stigmas dark (probably dark green). Anthers polliniferous; pollen grains irregular in size. Achene grayish straw-colored brown, 4-4.5 × ca. 0.9 mm, smooth to very sparsely minutely tuberculate above, cone indistinct with body very gradually narrowing in beak; beak 2.5-4 mm, ± thick. Pappus white, 5-6 mm. Fl. summer. Agamosperm.Wet alpine slopes, gravelly sites, alpine meadows; 3000-3800 m. Xinjiang (Ketmen Tau, Tian Shan) [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan].
Plants morphologically similar to Taraxacum lilacinum but sexual have been reported (D. T. Zhang et al., Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 17: 1-7. 1997), and their status remains to be studied.

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