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苍叶蒲公英Taraxacum glaucophyllum V. Soest

苍叶蒲公英Taraxacum glaucophyllum V. Soest

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:蒲公英属 Taraxacum

《中国植物志》第80(2)卷070页
  65.苍叶蒲公英(西藏植物志)图版4:10-14
  Taraxacum glaucophyllum V. Soest in Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Bot. 2 (10): 266. Pl. 24. 1961.
  多年生草本。根垂直,根颈部有褐色残存叶基。叶灰绿色,中间的叶脉苍白色,宽线形至线状倒披针形,先端钝,基部狭长,叶长约11-12厘米,宽约1厘米,具小齿或稀疏的短齿,或略长的明显的齿,齿可达3-4毫米长,顶端裂片长约3厘米,全缘,具短柄,叶柄紫色。花葶细长,高达20厘米;头状花序直径25毫米;总苞长15毫米,暗绿色;外层总苞片披针形,窄于内层总苞片,长约6毫米,宽约1.5毫米,具宽的白色或玫瑰色边缘,先端具大的正三角形状小角;内层总苞片宽线形,长约12毫米,具白色膜质边缘,先端紫色,具小角或增厚;舌状花黄色,边缘花舌片背面有紫色条纹,柱头和花柱黄色。瘦果倒圆锥形,麦秆黄色,长3毫米,上部具小刺,顶端略突然缢缩为圆锥形喙基,长1毫米,喙长3.5毫米;冠毛白色,长6毫米。
  产青海、四川西部(木里)、云南西北部、西藏。生于海拔2800-4300米山坡草地。模式标本采自西藏削登贡巴(即今八宿县然乌湖边)。
  本种特征很明显。内外总苞片均有明显的小角。同时以瘦果为麦秆黄色区别于灰果蒲公英,以小角的形状区别于角苞蒲公英,以瘦果下部光滑区别于蒲公英。但在没有果实时,易误定为灰果蒲公英。
形态特征:多年生草本。根垂直,根颈部有褐色残存叶基。叶灰绿色,中间的叶脉苍白色,宽线形至线状倒披针形,先端钝,基部狭长,叶长约11—12厘米,宽约1厘米,具小齿或稀疏的短齿,或略长的明显的齿,齿可达3—4毫米长,顶端裂片长约3厘米,全缘,具短柄,叶柄紫色。花葶细长,高达20厘米;头状花序直径25毫米;总苞长15毫米,暗绿色;外层总苞片披针形,窄于内层总苞片,长约6毫米,宽约1.5毫米,具宽的白色或玫瑰色边缘,先端具大的正三角形状小角;内层总苞片宽线形,长约12毫米,具白色膜质边缘,先端紫色,具小角或增厚;舌状花黄色,边缘花舌片背面有紫色条纹,柱头和花柱黄色。瘦果倒圆锥形,麦秆黄色,长3毫米,上部具小刺,顶端略突然缢缩为圆锥形喙基,长1毫米,喙长3.5毫米;冠毛白色,长6毫米。
产地分布:产青海、四川西部(木里)、云南西北部、西藏。生于海拔2800—4300米山坡草地。模式标本采自西藏削登贡巴(即今八宿县然乌湖边)。
本种提示:本种特征很明显。内外总苞片均有明显的小角。同时以瘦果为麦秆黄色区别于灰果蒲公英,以小角的形状区别于角苞蒲公英,以瘦果下部光滑区别于蒲公英。但在没有果实时,易误定为灰果蒲公英。
参考文献:Taraxacum glaucophyllum V.Soest in Bull.Brit.Mus.(Nat.Hist.)Bot.2(10): 266.P1.24.1961.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
49. Taraxacum glaucophyllum Soest, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 2: 266. 1961.
苍叶蒲公英 cang ye pu gong ying
Herbs 15-20 cm tall, base usually thickened by remnants of old petioles. Petiole purplish, ± unwinged; leaf blade glaucous green to grayish green, linear to linear-oblanceolate, ca. 10 × 0.8-1.1 cm, ± glabrous, margin subentire, remotely dentate, or shallowly lobed, midvein pinkish; lateral lobes or teeth 1-3 pairs, sometimes alternate, mostly 3-4 mm, apex linear, narrow, and patent; interlobes long, margin entire; terminal lobe conspicuously elongated, to 3 cm, margin entire. Scapes brownish green, overtopping leaves, ± glabrous to sparsely arachnoid. Capitulum ca. 2 cm wide. Involucre 7-8 mm wide, base ± rounded. Outer phyllaries 10-13, dark green, ± not imbricate, linear-lanceolate, outermost ones 5-7 × 1.2-1.5 mm and 1/2-2/3 as long as inner ones, ± subappressed, with a narrow paler border ± white at base and distally pinkish, margin subglabrous, apex with a conspicuous perpendicular horn; inner phyllaries 1.3-1.5 cm, with a horn below apex. Ligules yellow, subtubular to involute; outer ligules outside striped pale grayish pink. Stigmas dark. Anthers polliniferous; pollen grains irregular in size. Achene dark gray, 3.5-4 × 1.1-1.3 mm; body distally spinulose, subabruptly narrowing into a thick subcylindric 0.8-0.9 × ca. 0.4 mm cone; beak longer than ca. 5 mm. Pappus ± yellowish white, 6-7 mm. Fl. summer. Agamosperm.● Alpine grassland slopes; 3900-4200 m. Xizang.
Reports of Taraxacum glaucophyllum from Qinghai, Sichuan, and Yunnan (FRPS 80(2): 70. 1999; Higher Pl. China 11: 786. 2005) should be revised.Achenes described in the protologue of Taraxacum glaucophyllum probably come from the paratype specimen (Lhasa, H. E. Richardson 307A, BM) and are not conspecific with the holotype. The holotype achenes, although also immature, show signs of darkening, and the description of ripe ones (mainly from J? 6223B, PRA) is included in the present description.

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