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蔓生合耳菊Synotis yui C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen

蔓生合耳菊Synotis yui C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen

别名:蔓生尾药菊;

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:合耳菊属 Synotis

《中国植物志》第77(1)卷187页
  16.蔓生合耳菊 蔓生尾药菊 图版39: 6-9
  Synotis yui C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen in Kew Bull. 39(2): 308. fig. 16. 1984; 横断山区维管植物下册: 2092. 1994.
  多年生草本,根状茎木质,横走,具少数纤维状根。茎单生,纤细,近攀援,弯曲,长35-45厘米,被疏或密褐色具节短柔毛,后多少脱毛,具叶。叶具短柄,卵形或卵状披针形,长4-10厘米,宽1.5-2.5厘米,顶端渐尖或尾状渐尖,基部圆形或近圆形,边缘具疏波状细齿或较疏的粗锯齿,齿端具小尖;纸质,上面深绿色,被疏短硬毛至无毛,下面紫色,沿脉被疏柔毛至无毛;具离基三出脉,叶脉在下面明显;叶柄长0.5-0.8厘米,多少被柔毛;最上部叶较小而狭。头状花序具异形小花,盘状,少数,通常3-7个在茎端及上部叶腋排列成伞房花序;花序梗纤细,长6-18毫米,基部线形苞片,上部具1-2个线形小苞片,被疏黄褐色短柔毛。总苞圆柱形,长8-12毫米,宽2-3毫米,具1-3个不等长的外苞片;总苞片5,长圆状线形,宽1-1.5毫米,顶端钝,被短微毛,草质,具狭膜质边缘,外面无毛,具3脉。边缘小花2,长约5毫米,丝状而无舌片,明显短于花柱;管状花3-4,花冠黄色,长约13毫米,管部长约4毫米,檐部漏斗状。裂片长圆状披针形,长1.5毫米,顶端尖,被短微毛;花药长5毫米,尾部长约为颈部1/2-3/4;附片卵状长圆形;颈部长而粗,基部明显膨大;花柱分枝长2毫米,顶端钝,具粗乳头状毛,中央的毛较侧生的长。瘦果圆柱形,长3.5毫米,无毛。冠毛长9毫米,白色。花期8-9月。
  产云南西北部(怒江独龙江分水岭)。生于海拔2700-2900米林下或潮湿草坡。缅甸也有分布。模式标本采自云南怒江。
形态特征:多年生草本,根状茎木质,横走,具少数纤维状根。茎单生,纤细,近攀援,弯曲,长35--45厘米,被疏或密褐色具节短柔毛,后多少脱毛,具叶。叶具短柄,卵形或卵状披针形,长4—10厘米,宽1.5—2.5厘米,顶端渐尖或尾状渐尖,基部圆形或近圆形,边缘具疏波状细齿或较疏的粗锯齿,齿端具小尖;纸质,上面深绿色,被疏短硬毛至无毛,下面紫色,沿脉被疏柔毛至无毛;具离基三出脉,叶脉在下面明显;叶柄长0.5---0.8厘米,多少被柔毛;最上部叶较小而狭。头状花序具异形小花,盘状,少数,通常3--7个在茎端及上部叶腋排列成伞房花序;花序梗纤细,长6—18毫米,基部线形苞片,上部具1--2个线形小苞片,被疏黄褐色短柔毛。总苞圆柱形,长8—12毫米,宽2--3毫米,具1--3个不等长的外苞片;总苞片5,长圆状线形,宽1—1.5毫米,顶端钝,被短微毛,草质,具狭膜质边缘,外面无毛,具3脉。边缘小花2,长约5毫米,丝状而无舌片,明显短于花柱;管状花3--4,花冠黄色,长约13毫米,管部长约4毫米,檐部漏斗状。裂片长圆状披针形,长1.5毫米,顶端尖,被短微毛;花药长5毫米,尾部长约为颈部1/2—3/4;附片卵状长圆形;颈部长而粗,基部明显膨大;花柱分枝长2毫米,顶端钝,具粗乳头状毛,中央的毛较侧生的长。瘦果圆柱形,长3.5毫米,无毛。冠毛长9毫米,白色。花期8—9月。
产地分布:产云南西北部(怒江独龙江分水岭)。生于海拔2700--2900米林下或潮湿草坡。缅甸也有分布。模式标本采自云南怒江。
参考文献:SynotisyaiC.JeffreyetY.L.CheninKewBull.39(2):308.Fig.16.1984; 横断山区维管植物下册:2092.1994.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
16. Synotis yui C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen, Kew Bull. 39: 308. 1984.
蔓生合耳菊 man sheng he er ju
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizome woody, creeping. Stem solitary, subscandent, flexuous, 35-45 cm, slender, pubescent with brownish multicellular hairs, glabrescent, leafy. Leaves shortly petiolate; petiole 0.5-0.8 cm, ± pubescent; blade abaxially purple, adaxially deep green, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 4-10 × 1.5-2.5 cm, papery, abaxially sparsely pubescent on veins to glabrous, adaxially scattered setulose to glabrous, triplinerved from base, base rounded, ± falcate in upper part, margin remotely sinuate-denticulate to rather distantly coarsely serrate with mucronate teeth, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate; uppermost leaves similar but smaller and narrower. Capitula heterogamous, disciform, in lax terminal and upper axillary 3-7-headed corymbs; peduncles 6-18 mm, slender, linear-bracteate at base, with 1 or 2 linear bracteoles in upper part, sparsely shortly fulvous pubescent. Involucres cylindric, 8-12 × 2-3 mm, obscurely calyculate; bracts of calyculus 1-3, unequal; phyllaries 5, oblong-linear, 1-1.5 mm wide, herbaceous, glabrous, 3-veined, margin narrowly scarious, apically obtuse and pubescent. Marginal female florets 2; corolla yellow, ca. 5 mm, filiform, not radiate, shorter than style. Disk florets 3 or 4; corolla yellow, ca. 13 mm, with ca. 4 mm tube and narrowly funnelform limb; lobes oblong-lanceolate, ca. 1.5 mm, apically acute, puberulent. Anthers long exserted, ca. 5 mm, anther tails 0.5-0.75 × as long as antheropodia; appendages ovate-oblong; antheropodia long, stout, basally distinctly dilated. Style branches ca. 2 mm, fringed with stout papillae, terminal tuft much longer than lateral ones. Achenes ca. 3.5 mm, glabrous. Pappus white, ca. 9 mm. Fl. and fr. Aug-Sep.Moss forests; 2700-2900 m. Xizang (Mêdog), Yunnan [Myanmar].

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