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黄白合耳菊Synotis xantholeuca (Hand.-Mazz.) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen

黄白合耳菊Synotis xantholeuca (Hand.-Mazz.) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen

别名:黄白千里光;黄白尾药菊;

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:合耳菊属 Synotis

《中国植物志》第77(1)卷192页
  21.黄白合耳菊 黄白千里光(云南种子植物名录)图版41 : 1-7
  Synotis xantholeuca (Hand. -Mazz.) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen in Kew Bull. 39(2): 316. 1984; 横断山区维管植物下册; 2092, 1994. ——Senecio xantholeucus Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7 : 1127. 1936; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 21: 150. 1968.
  多年生草本,根状茎粗壮,木质,直立或斜升,具被黄褐色绒毛的长纤维状根。茎单生,直立,高70-150厘米,不分枝或具花序枝,被密白色绒毛,或下部近脱毛,下部无叶。叶具柄,卵状披针形或披针形,长达23厘米,宽7.5厘米,顶端长渐尖,具小尖头,基部圆形至钝,边缘具较密至疏有小尖的齿,膜质,上面绿色,被黄褐色贴生短柔毛,沿脉被锈色硬毛,下面被密黄白色绒毛;羽状脉,侧脉8-12对,弧状弯曲,在边缘前相联合;叶柄粗,长1-3.5厘米,被密白色绒毛和褐色短硬毛;上部及分枝上的叶较小,具短叶柄。头状花序具极小舌状花,较多数,通常2-15个排成较密的至疏腋生和顶生的伞房花序,径4-6毫米;花序梗长0.5-2厘米,被密绒毛,具基生苞片及数个线形或线状丝形,长4-8毫米的小苞片。总苞圆柱状钟形,长6-8毫米,宽2.5-3.5毫米,具外层苞片;苞片3-4,线形,紫色,长达总苞片之半;总苞片5或8,长圆状披针形,宽1-1.5毫米,顶端尖或渐尖,被短柔毛,上端通常紫色,草质,边缘宽干膜质,外面被疏蛛丝状绒毛。舌状花5,管部长4毫米;舌片黄色,卵状长圆形,小,常短于花柱,顶端具3细齿;管状花5-10个,花冠黄色,长9-10毫米,管部长约3毫米,檐部狭漏斗状;裂片披针形,长约1毫米,顶端尖;花药线状长圆形,长2.5毫米,尾部长于颈部;附片披针形,颈部基部略膨大。花柱分枝外弯,长0.7毫米,顶端截形,边缘具较短乳头状毛,中央的毛明显长于两侧的毛。瘦果(未成熟)圆柱形,长2.5毫米,无毛;冠毛长9-10毫米,白色。花期9-12月。
  产云南西北部(丽江、贡山、怒江)。生于潮湿混交林中,海拔2200-2700米。模式标本采自怒江。
形态特征:多年生草本,根状茎粗壮,木质,直立或斜升,具被黄褐色绒毛的长纤维状根。茎单生,直立,高70—150厘米,不分枝或具花序枝,被密白色绒毛,或下部近脱毛,下部无叶。叶具柄,卵状披针形或披针形,长达23厘米,宽7.5厘米,顶端长渐尖,具小尖头,基部圆形至钝,边缘具较密至疏有小尖的齿,膜质,上面绿色,被黄褐色贴生短柔毛,沿脉被锈色硬毛,下面被密黄白色绒毛;羽状脉,侧脉8—12对,弧状弯曲,在边缘前相联合;叶柄粗,长1—3.5厘米,被密白色绒毛和褐色短硬毛;上部及分枝上的叶较小,具短叶柄。头状花序具极小舌状花,较多数,通常2—15个排成较密的至疏腋生和顶生的伞房花序,径4—6毫米;花序梗长0.5--2厘米,被密绒毛,具基生苞片及数个线形或线状丝形,长4--8毫米的小苞片。总苞圆柱状钟形,长6--8毫米,宽2.5--3.5毫米,具外层苞片;苞片3--4,线形,紫色,长达总苞片之半;总苞片5或8,长圆状披针形,宽1—1.5毫米,顶端尖或渐尖,被短柔毛,上端通常紫色,草质,边缘宽干膜质,外面被疏蛛丝状绒毛。舌状花5,管部长4毫米;舌片黄色,卵状长圆形,小,常短于花柱,顶端具3细齿;管状花5—10个,花冠黄色,长9—10毫米,管部长约3毫米,檐部狭漏斗状;裂片披针形,长约1毫米,顶端尖;花药线状长圆形,长2.5毫米,尾部长于颈部;附片披针形,颈部基部略膨大。花柱分枝外弯,长0.7毫米,顶端截形,边缘具较短乳头状毛,中央的毛明显长于两侧的毛。瘦果(未成熟)圆柱形,长2.5毫米,无毛;冠毛长9—10毫米,白色。花期9—12月。
产地分布:产云南西北部(丽江、贡山、怒江)。生于潮湿混交林中,海拔2200--2700米。模式标本采自怒江。
参考文献:Synotis xantholeuca (Hand.—Mazz.)C.Jelffey et Y.1.Chen in Kew Bull.39 (2):316.1984;横断山区维管植物下册;2092,1994.--Senecio xantholeucus Hand.—Mazz.Symb.Sin.7:1127.1936;S.Y.HuinQuart.JOlllTl.TaiwanMus. 21:150.1968.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
21. Synotis xantholeuca (Handel-Mazzetti) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen, Kew Bull. 39: 316. 1984.
黄白合耳菊 huang bai he er ju Senecio xantholeucus Handel-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 7: 1127. 1936.
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizome thick, woody. Stem solitary, erect, 70-150 cm tall, leafless in lower part, leafy above, branching in synflorescence, densely white tomentose, subglabrescent. Leaf petiole 1-3.5 cm, stout, densely white tomentose and brownish setulose; blade ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, to 23 × 7.5 cm, membranous, abaxially densely white tomentose, adaxially minutely fulvous pubescent especially on veins and sometimes at first also thinly floccose-tomentose, pinnately veined, lateral veins 16-24, arcuate-ascending and intramarginally uniting, base rounded to obtuse, margin rather closely to remotely apiculate-dentate, apex long acuminate, apiculate. Upper leaves and leaves of branches shortly petiolate, gradually smaller. Capitula minutely radiate, rather numerous, arranged in rounded 2-13-headed rather dense to lax axillary and terminal corymbs; peduncles 0.5-2 cm, densely tomentose, basally bracteate, with a few linear or linear-filiform 4-8 mm bracteoles. Involucres cylindric-campanulate, 6-8 × 2.5-3.5 mm, calyculate; bracts of calyculus 3 or 4, purplish, linear, to 1/2 as long as phyllaries; phyllaries 5 or 8, oblong-lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm wide, herbaceous, sparsely arachnoid-tomentose, margin broadly scarious, apically acute to subobtuse-acuminate, puberulent and usually purplish. Ray florets 5; corolla tube ca. 4 mm; lamina yellow, ovate-oblong, small, usually shorter than style, apically 3-denticulate. Disk florets 5-10; corolla yellow, 9-10 mm, with ca. 3 mm tube and narrowly funnelform limb; lobes lanceolate, ca. 1 mm, apically acute. Anthers ca. 2.5 mm; anther tails exceeding antheropodia; appendages lanceolate; antheropodia slightly dilated at base. Style branches ca. 0.7 mm, fringed with rather short papillae, apical tuft distinct, much longer than laterals. Achenes ca. 2.5 mm, glabrous. Pappus white, 9-10 mm. Fl. and fr. Sep-Dec.● Mixed forests, wet places; 2200-2700 m. NW Yunnan.

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