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腺毛合耳菊Synotis saluenensis (Diels) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen

腺毛合耳菊Synotis saluenensis (Diels) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen

别名:怒江千里光;腺毛尾药菊;腺毛尾药南;怒江尾药菊;贡山合耳菊;

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:合耳菊属 Synotis

《中国植物志》第77(1)卷208页
  36.腺毛合耳菊 怒江千里光(云南种子植物名录),腺毛尾药菊 图版45:7-12
  Synotis saluenensis (Diels) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen in Kew Bull. 39 (2):330. 1984; 横断山区维管植物下册:2093. 1994.——Senecio saluenensis Diels in Not. Bot. Card. Edinb. 5:193. 1912; Chang in Mem. Sci. Soc. China 1:252. 1924; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Inde-Chine 3: 637. 1924; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 21: 142. 1968,
  灌木状草本或亚灌木,蔓生或直立,高达3米。茎具花序枝,被密黄褐色腺状柔毛,或多少脱毛。叶具短柄,椭圆形或椭圆状披针形,长10-22厘米,4.5-6.5厘米,顶端渐尖,基部宽楔形至近圆形,边缘具细至较粗的不规则具小尖锯齿,纸质,上面无毛或近无毛,下面特别沿脉被疏至密腺状黄褐色柔毛,羽状脉,侧脉5-7对,弧状上升;叶脉在下面明显;叶柄长6-10毫米,被柔毛,无耳;分枝上叶较小。头状花序具异形小花,盘状,多数在茎枝端和上部叶腋排列成圆形复伞房状;花序梗长达5毫米,具黄褐色腺状柔毛,具苞片及数小苞片;苞片和小苞片线形或线状钻形,长2-3毫米。总苞狭钟状,长4毫米,宽2-2.5毫米,具外苞片;苞片4-5,极小;总苞片8,线状披针形,宽1-1.2毫米,尖或略尖,上端被短柔毛,草质,边缘狭或宽干膜质,外面被疏腺状短柔毛或近无毛。雌花5,花冠黄色,丝状,长约3毫米,上端2-3细浅裂,短于花柱;管状花5-6,花冠黄色,管部长2毫米,檐部漏斗状;裂片卵状长圆形,长1.5毫米,尖;花药长约2毫米;尾部略长于颈部;附片卵状披针形;颈部较短而宽,向基部略喊大。花柱分枝长1.5毫米,顶端钝,边缘具短乳头状毛,中央的毛不明显。瘦果圆柱形,长 2.5毫米,无毛;冠毛白色,长约4毫米。花期10月至翌年2月。
  产西藏(察隅)、云南西北部至南部(贡山、独龙江、怒江河谷、福贡、丽江、禄丰、顺宁、蒙自、西畴)。生于林下、林缘及灌丛边,海拔1000-3000米。缅甸、越南也有分布。模式采自云南丽江。
  此种外形与三舌合耳菊S. triligulata(Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen颇近似,故两者往往容易引起错误鉴定。主要以叶下面特别沿脉及总苞片背面被腺状柔毛;头状花序较大,盘状;总苞片8,具11个小花;边缘小花5,非舌状。与后者相区别。
形态特征:灌木状草本或亚灌木,蔓生或直立,高达3米。茎具花序枝,被密黄褐色腺状柔毛,或多少脱毛。叶具短柄,椭圆形或椭圆状披针形,长10--22厘米,4.5----6.5厘米,顶端渐尖,基部宽楔形至近圆形,边缘具细至较粗的不规则具小尖锯齿,纸质,上面无毛或近无毛,下面特别沿脉被疏至密腺状黄褐色柔毛,羽状脉,侧脉5--7对,弧状上升;叶脉在下面明显;叶柄长6—10毫米,被柔毛,无耳;分枝上叶较小。头状花序具异形小花,盘状,多数在茎枝端和上部叶腋排列成圆形复伞房状;花序梗长达5毫米,具黄褐色腺状柔毛,具苞片及数小苞片;苞片和小苞片线形或线状钻形,长2—3毫米。总苞狭钟状,长4毫米,宽2--2.5毫米,具外苞片;苞片4—5,极小;总苞片8,线状披针形,宽1—1.2毫米,尖或略尖,上端被短柔毛,草质,边缘狭或宽干膜质,外面被疏腺状短柔毛或近无毛。雌花5,花冠黄色,丝状,长约3毫米,上端2—3细浅裂,短于花柱;管状花5—6,花冠黄色,管部长2毫米,檐部漏斗状;裂片卵状长圆形,长1.5毫米,尖;花药长约2毫米;尾部略长于颈部;附片卵状披针形;颈部较短而宽,向基部略膨,大。花柱分枝长1.5毫米,顶端钝,边缘具短乳头状毛,中央的毛不明显。瘦果圆柱形,长2.5毫米,无毛;冠毛白色,长约4毫米。花期10月至翌年2月。
产地分布:产西藏(察隅)、云南西北部至南部(贡山、独龙江、怒江河谷、福贡、丽江、禄丰、顺宁、蒙自、西畴)。生于林下、林缘及灌丛边,海拔1000—3000米。缅甸、越南也有分布。模式采自云南丽江。
参考文献:Synotis saluenensis(Diels)C.JeffreyetY.L CheninKewBull.39(2):330, 1984;横断山区维管植物下册:2093.1994.--SeneciosaluenensisDielsinNot.Bot. Gard.Edinb.5:193.1912;Chang in Mem.Sci.Soc.China 1:252.1924;Gag—nep.in Lecomte,F1.Gen. Indo-Chine 3:637. 1924;S.Y.Hu in Quart.Journ, TaiwanMus.21:142.1968.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
36. Synotis saluenensis (Diels) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen, Kew Bull. 39: 330. 1984.
腺毛合耳菊 xian mao he er ju Senecio saluenensis Diels, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 193. 1912.
Subshrubs or shrubby herbs, scrambling, to 3 m tall. Stems branching in synflorescence, densely glandular fulvous pubescent, glabrescent. Leaves shortly petiolate; petiole 6-10 mm, pubescent, basally not auriculate; blade elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 10-22 × 4.5-6.5 cm, papery, abaxially sparsely to densely glandular fulvous pubescent especially on veins, adaxially glabrous or nearly so, pinnately veined, lateral veins 10-14, arcuate-ascending, prominent abaxially, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, margin finely to rather coarsely and irregularly mucronate-serrate, apex acuminate; leaves of synflorescence branches smaller. Capitula heterogamous, disciform, very numerous, arranged in lax to rather dense axillary and terminal rounded compound corymbs; peduncles to 5 mm, glandular fulvous pubescent, bracteate, few bracteolate; bracts and bracteoles linear or linear-subulate, 2-3 mm. Involucres narrowly campanulate, ca. 4 × 2-2.5 mm, calyculate; bracts of calyculus 4 or 5, minute; phyllaries 8, linear-lanceolate, 1-1.2 mm wide, herbaceous, sparsely glandular puberulent or subglabrous, margin narrowly to broadly scarious, apically acute or subacute and puberulent. Female florets 5; corolla yellow, filiform, ca. 3 mm, shorter than style, apically minutely 2- or 3-fid. Disk florets 5 or 6; corolla yellow, with ca. 2 mm tube and funnelform limb; lobes ovate-oblong, apically acute. Anthers ca. 2 mm; anther tails slightly longer than antheropodia; appendages ovate-lanceolate; antheropodia rather short and broad, basally slightly expanded. Style branches ca. 1.5 mm, fringed with short papillae, terminal tuft not distinctive. Achenes ca. 2.5 mm, glabrous. Pappus white, ca. 4 mm. Fl. Oct-Feb.Forests, forest and thicket margins; 1000-3000 m. Xizang, Yunnan [Myanmar, Vietnam].
Synotis saluenensis is distinguished from S. triligulata in having leaves glandular pubescent abaxially and large disciform capitula with 8 phyllaries and 10 or 11 florets.

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