昆明合耳菊Synotis cavaleriei (Lévl.) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen
昆明合耳菊Synotis cavaleriei (Lévl.) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen
1.昆明合耳菊 昆明千里光 图版36: 1-5
Synotis cavaleriei (Levl.) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen in Kew Bull. 39(2): 291. 1984; 贵州植物志9: 261. 1989. ——Senecio cavaleriei Levl. in Rep. Sp. Nov. 12: 537. 1913, et Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 104. 1914; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin: 7: 1128. 1936; S. Y. Hu in Quart Journ. Taiwan Mus. 21: 40. 1968; Lauener in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 34: 361. 1976. ——Senecio sciatrephedioides Ling in shed.
多年生近无茎草本。根状茎短粗，膨胀呈块状，木质，径3-4毫米。营养茎短，长达5厘米，被密黄褐色棉毛，特别在叶基周围；花茎单生或数个，葶状，无叶，自基部或上部分枝高5-42厘米，被黄褐色蛛丝状绒毛，或多少脱毛。叶基生，近莲座状，近无柄或具短柄，倒卵形或倒披针形，或有时近提琴形，长4-20厘米，宽2-8厘米，顶端短渐尖或钝，基部楔状渐狭，边缘具浅波状齿或近全缘，纸质，上面被疏短刚毛，下面被疏蛛丝状柔毛或后脱毛，有时紫色；羽状脉；侧脉5-9对，在下面明显凸起；叶柄长0.5-1厘米，被疏至密柔毛。头状花序辐射状，直径1.5-2.5厘米，少数至多数，常排成较狭而伸长的复伞房花序；花序梗纤细，长1.5-5厘米，被蛛丝状长柔毛具基生苞片及3-6个线形或线状披针形小苞片，小苞片长5-12毫米，被柔毛。总苞狭钟形，长5-7毫米，宽3-6毫米，具外层苞片；苞片6-8，线形或线状钻形，较短，总苞片10-12，长圆形，宽1-2毫米，顶端渐尖，被短柔毛，草质，具干膜质边缘，有时紫色，外面被疏蛛丝状绒毛至近无毛。舌状花8，管部长3毫米，舌片黄色，长圆形或长圆状披针形，长10毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，顶端钝，具3细齿，4-5脉；管状花约20，花冠黄色，长7-7.5毫米，管部长2.5毫米，檐部漏斗形，裂片卵状长圆形，长1.2毫米，尖，花药线状长圆形，长2.5毫米，花药尾部长为颈部3/4至近等长；附近卵状长圆形，颈部基部略扩大；花柱分枝长1.2毫米，顶端截形或稍凸，被流苏状开展乳头状毛及中央明显长乳头状束毛。瘦果圆柱形，长约2.5毫米，无毛；冠毛白色，长7-7.5毫米。花期10-11月。
产四川（巫山、西昌）、贵州（黄果树、黄草坝、兴义）、云南（昆明、东川、马鞍山、嵩明、禄劝）。生于山坡多岩石处、溪边及瀑布边潮湿处，海拔1 700-3000米。模式采自贵州黄果树。
外形酷似滇东合耳菊S. duclouxii (Dunn) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen但总苞较大，总苞片10-12个；叶短于花葶，边缘具浅波状齿，或近全缘，下面被蛛丝状柔毛，与后者不难区别。
形态特征：Synotiscavaleriei(Lavl．)C．JeffreyetY．L．CheninKewBull．39(2)：291．1984；贵州植物志9：261．1989．--Seneciocavaleriei“v1．inRep．Sp．Nov．12：537．1913，etFl，Kouy-Tcheou104．1914；Hand．—Mazz．Symb．Sin．7：1128．1936；S．Y．HuinQuartJourrl．TaiwanMus．21：40，1968；LauenerinNot．Bot．Gard．Edinb．34：361．1976．--SeneciosciatrephedioidesLinginshed．苏状开展乳头状毛及中央明显长乳头状束毛。瘦果圆柱形，长约2．5毫米，无毛；冠毛白色，长7—7．5毫米。花期10—11月。
产地分布：产四川(巫山、西昌)、贵州(黄果树、黄草坝、兴义)、云南(昆明、东川、马鞍山、嵩明、禄劝)。生于山坡多岩石处、溪边及瀑布边潮湿处，海拔1700—3000米。模式采自贵州黄果树。
本种提示：外形酷似滇东合耳菊S．Duclouxii(Dunn)C．JeffreyetY．LChen，但总苞较大，总苞片10—12个；叶短于花葶，边缘具浅波状齿，或近全缘，下面被蛛丝状柔毛，与后者不难区别。
参考文献：Synotiscavaleriei(Lavl．)C．JeffreyetY．L．CheninKewBull．39(2)：291．1984；贵州植物志9：261．1989．--Seneciocavaleriei“v1．inRep．Sp．Nov．12：537．1913，etFl，Kouy-Tcheou104．1914；Hand．—Mazz．Symb．Sin．7：1128．1936；S．Y．HuinQuartJourrl．TaiwanMus．21：40，1968；LauenerinNot．Bot．Gard．Edinb．34：361．1976．--SeneciosciatrephedioidesLinginshed．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
1. Synotis cavaleriei (H. Léveillé) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen, Kew Bull. 39: 291. 1984.
昆明合耳菊 kun ming he er ju Senecio cavaleriei H. Léveillé, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 537. 1913.
Herbs, erect, rhizomatous, vegetatively subacaulescent. Rhizome short, swollen, irregularly tuberous, woody. Vegetative stem short, to 5 cm, densely fulvous lanate, especially around leaf bases. Flowering stems solitary or few, scapiform, leafless, branching from base or in upper part, 5-42 cm tall, finely fulvous tomentose, ± glabrescent. Leaves basal, subrosulate, subsessile or shortly petiolate; petiole 0.5-1 cm, sparsely to densely pubescent; blade obovate to oblanceolate or sometimes subpandurate, 4-20 × 2-8 cm, papery, abaxially sparsely finely arachnoid-pubescent, glabrescent and sometimes purple, adaxially sparsely setulose, pinnately veined, lateral veins 10-18, midvein prominent abaxially, base cuneate-attenuate, margin subentire to shallowly repand-dentate, apex sometimes shortly acuminate, obtuse. Capitula radiate, 1.5-2.5 cm in diam., few to numerous, arranged in often rather narrow and elongated compound corymbs; peduncles 1.5-5 cm, slender, basally bracteate, shortly ± tomentose, with 3-6 linear or linear-lanceolate, 5-12 mm, thinly pubescent bracteoles. Involucres narrowly campanulate, 5-7 × 3-6 mm, calyculate; bracts of calyculus 6-8, linear or linear-subulate; phyllaries 10-12, oblong, 1-2 mm wide, herbaceous, sometimes purplish, sparsely arachnoid-tomentose to subglabrous, margin scarious, apically acuminate and puberulent. Ray florets 8; corolla tube ca. 3 mm; lamina yellow, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 9-10 × 2.5-3 mm, 4- or 5-veined, apically obtuse, 3-denticulate. Disk florets ca. 20; corolla yellow, 7-7.5 mm, with ca. 2.5 mm tube and funnelform limb; lobes ovate-oblong, ca. 1.2 mm, apically acute. Anthers ca. 2.5 mm, anther tails ca. 0.75 × as long as to subequaling antheropodium; appendages ovate-oblong; antheropodium slightly dilated at base. Style branches ca. 1.2 mm, fringed with spreading papillae and with a prominent central tuft of long papillae. Achenes ca. 2.5 mm, glabrous. Pappus white, 7-7.5 mm. Fl. Oct-Nov.● Rocky places, slopes, by streams and waterfalls; 1700-3000 m. Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.
别名：西南尾药菊;昆明千里光;西南合耳菊;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：合耳菊属 Synotis
1.昆明合耳菊 昆明千里光 图版36: 1-5
Synotis cavaleriei (Levl.) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen in Kew Bull. 39(2): 291. 1984; 贵州植物志9: 261. 1989. ——Senecio cavaleriei Levl. in Rep. Sp. Nov. 12: 537. 1913, et Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 104. 1914; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin: 7: 1128. 1936; S. Y. Hu in Quart Journ. Taiwan Mus. 21: 40. 1968; Lauener in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 34: 361. 1976. ——Senecio sciatrephedioides Ling in shed.
多年生近无茎草本。根状茎短粗，膨胀呈块状，木质，径3-4毫米。营养茎短，长达5厘米，被密黄褐色棉毛，特别在叶基周围；花茎单生或数个，葶状，无叶，自基部或上部分枝高5-42厘米，被黄褐色蛛丝状绒毛，或多少脱毛。叶基生，近莲座状，近无柄或具短柄，倒卵形或倒披针形，或有时近提琴形，长4-20厘米，宽2-8厘米，顶端短渐尖或钝，基部楔状渐狭，边缘具浅波状齿或近全缘，纸质，上面被疏短刚毛，下面被疏蛛丝状柔毛或后脱毛，有时紫色；羽状脉；侧脉5-9对，在下面明显凸起；叶柄长0.5-1厘米，被疏至密柔毛。头状花序辐射状，直径1.5-2.5厘米，少数至多数，常排成较狭而伸长的复伞房花序；花序梗纤细，长1.5-5厘米，被蛛丝状长柔毛具基生苞片及3-6个线形或线状披针形小苞片，小苞片长5-12毫米，被柔毛。总苞狭钟形，长5-7毫米，宽3-6毫米，具外层苞片；苞片6-8，线形或线状钻形，较短，总苞片10-12，长圆形，宽1-2毫米，顶端渐尖，被短柔毛，草质，具干膜质边缘，有时紫色，外面被疏蛛丝状绒毛至近无毛。舌状花8，管部长3毫米，舌片黄色，长圆形或长圆状披针形，长10毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，顶端钝，具3细齿，4-5脉；管状花约20，花冠黄色，长7-7.5毫米，管部长2.5毫米，檐部漏斗形，裂片卵状长圆形，长1.2毫米，尖，花药线状长圆形，长2.5毫米，花药尾部长为颈部3/4至近等长；附近卵状长圆形，颈部基部略扩大；花柱分枝长1.2毫米，顶端截形或稍凸，被流苏状开展乳头状毛及中央明显长乳头状束毛。瘦果圆柱形，长约2.5毫米，无毛；冠毛白色，长7-7.5毫米。花期10-11月。
产四川（巫山、西昌）、贵州（黄果树、黄草坝、兴义）、云南（昆明、东川、马鞍山、嵩明、禄劝）。生于山坡多岩石处、溪边及瀑布边潮湿处，海拔1 700-3000米。模式采自贵州黄果树。
外形酷似滇东合耳菊S. duclouxii (Dunn) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen但总苞较大，总苞片10-12个；叶短于花葶，边缘具浅波状齿，或近全缘，下面被蛛丝状柔毛，与后者不难区别。
形态特征：Synotiscavaleriei(Lavl．)C．JeffreyetY．L．CheninKewBull．39(2)：291．1984；贵州植物志9：261．1989．--Seneciocavaleriei“v1．inRep．Sp．Nov．12：537．1913，etFl，Kouy-Tcheou104．1914；Hand．—Mazz．Symb．Sin．7：1128．1936；S．Y．HuinQuartJourrl．TaiwanMus．21：40，1968；LauenerinNot．Bot．Gard．Edinb．34：361．1976．--SeneciosciatrephedioidesLinginshed．苏状开展乳头状毛及中央明显长乳头状束毛。瘦果圆柱形，长约2．5毫米，无毛；冠毛白色，长7—7．5毫米。花期10—11月。
产地分布：产四川(巫山、西昌)、贵州(黄果树、黄草坝、兴义)、云南(昆明、东川、马鞍山、嵩明、禄劝)。生于山坡多岩石处、溪边及瀑布边潮湿处，海拔1700—3000米。模式采自贵州黄果树。
本种提示：外形酷似滇东合耳菊S．Duclouxii(Dunn)C．JeffreyetY．LChen，但总苞较大，总苞片10—12个；叶短于花葶，边缘具浅波状齿，或近全缘，下面被蛛丝状柔毛，与后者不难区别。
参考文献：Synotiscavaleriei(Lavl．)C．JeffreyetY．L．CheninKewBull．39(2)：291．1984；贵州植物志9：261．1989．--Seneciocavaleriei“v1．inRep．Sp．Nov．12：537．1913，etFl，Kouy-Tcheou104．1914；Hand．—Mazz．Symb．Sin．7：1128．1936；S．Y．HuinQuartJourrl．TaiwanMus．21：40，1968；LauenerinNot．Bot．Gard．Edinb．34：361．1976．--SeneciosciatrephedioidesLinginshed．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
1. Synotis cavaleriei (H. Léveillé) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen, Kew Bull. 39: 291. 1984.
昆明合耳菊 kun ming he er ju Senecio cavaleriei H. Léveillé, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 537. 1913.
Herbs, erect, rhizomatous, vegetatively subacaulescent. Rhizome short, swollen, irregularly tuberous, woody. Vegetative stem short, to 5 cm, densely fulvous lanate, especially around leaf bases. Flowering stems solitary or few, scapiform, leafless, branching from base or in upper part, 5-42 cm tall, finely fulvous tomentose, ± glabrescent. Leaves basal, subrosulate, subsessile or shortly petiolate; petiole 0.5-1 cm, sparsely to densely pubescent; blade obovate to oblanceolate or sometimes subpandurate, 4-20 × 2-8 cm, papery, abaxially sparsely finely arachnoid-pubescent, glabrescent and sometimes purple, adaxially sparsely setulose, pinnately veined, lateral veins 10-18, midvein prominent abaxially, base cuneate-attenuate, margin subentire to shallowly repand-dentate, apex sometimes shortly acuminate, obtuse. Capitula radiate, 1.5-2.5 cm in diam., few to numerous, arranged in often rather narrow and elongated compound corymbs; peduncles 1.5-5 cm, slender, basally bracteate, shortly ± tomentose, with 3-6 linear or linear-lanceolate, 5-12 mm, thinly pubescent bracteoles. Involucres narrowly campanulate, 5-7 × 3-6 mm, calyculate; bracts of calyculus 6-8, linear or linear-subulate; phyllaries 10-12, oblong, 1-2 mm wide, herbaceous, sometimes purplish, sparsely arachnoid-tomentose to subglabrous, margin scarious, apically acuminate and puberulent. Ray florets 8; corolla tube ca. 3 mm; lamina yellow, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 9-10 × 2.5-3 mm, 4- or 5-veined, apically obtuse, 3-denticulate. Disk florets ca. 20; corolla yellow, 7-7.5 mm, with ca. 2.5 mm tube and funnelform limb; lobes ovate-oblong, ca. 1.2 mm, apically acute. Anthers ca. 2.5 mm, anther tails ca. 0.75 × as long as to subequaling antheropodium; appendages ovate-oblong; antheropodium slightly dilated at base. Style branches ca. 1.2 mm, fringed with spreading papillae and with a prominent central tuft of long papillae. Achenes ca. 2.5 mm, glabrous. Pappus white, 7-7.5 mm. Fl. Oct-Nov.● Rocky places, slopes, by streams and waterfalls; 1700-3000 m. Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.