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美头合耳菊Synotis calocephala C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen

美头合耳菊Synotis calocephala C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen

别名:鞋头千里光;柱头千里光;

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:合耳菊属 Synotis

《中国植物志》第77(1)卷211页
  38.美头合耳菊 鞋头千里光(云南种子植物名录)图版46: 7-12
  Synotis calocephala C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen in Kew Bull. 39 (2): 334. 1984. ——Senecio calocephalus Chang in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 6: 48. 1935, nom. illegit., non Poepp et Endl. 1845 nec Hemsl. 1881; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 21: 38. 1968. ——Senecio acuminatus var. latifolius Chang, ined.
  灌木状草本或亚灌木。茎单生或数个,直立,高达150厘米,不分枝或上部伞房状分枝,被黄褐色柔毛,或脱毛。叶具短柄,椭圆形或披针状椭圆形,长14-17厘米,宽4.5-7厘米,顶端渐尖,基部楔形,边缘具尖细齿或细锯齿,纸质,上面有光泽,沿脉被疏黄褐色柔毛,下面特别沿脉被疏短柔毛,后脱毛,羽状脉,侧脉6-7对,弧状上升,叶脉在下面明显凸起;叶柄长1-2厘米,被疏柔毛;上部叶较小。头状花序具舌状花,多数,排成顶生较密的复伞房花序;花序梗长1-2毫米,被黄褐色柔毛,具1-2苞片或小苞片;苞片及小苞片线形。总苞圆柱形,长4毫米,宽1.5-2毫米,具外苞片;苞片数个,线形,长2.5-3.5毫米;总苞片5,线形,宽1.5毫米,钝至尖,上端深绿色,被短微毛,草质,边缘干膜质,外面被疏短毛。舌状花2-3,管部长2.5毫米;舌片黄色,线形,长8.5-10毫米,宽1.5毫米,顶端具2-3细齿,具4脉;长于花柱;管状花3,花冠黄色,长8毫米,管部长2-2.5毫米,檐部漏斗状;裂片线形,长2.5-3毫米,尖。花药长3.5毫米,尾部长为颈部1/2-5/6;附片卵状披针形;颈部粗,向基部略膨大。花柱分枝长1.5毫米,顶端钝,具短乳头状毛,中央的毛不明显。瘦果圆柱形,长2毫米,无毛;冠毛长约7毫米,禾秆色。花期8-9月。
  产云南西部(瑞丽怒江分水岭)。生于灌丛边,海拔2100-2700米。缅甸也有分布。模式采自瑞丽怒江分水岭。
  本种叶较薄质而宽,边缘具较深细齿;头状花序具明显的舌状花;总苞片5;舌状花2-3,舌片长8-10毫米,与上种不难区别。
形态特征:灌木状草本或亚灌木。茎单生或数个,直立,高达150厘米,不分枝或上部伞房状分枝,被黄褐色柔毛,或脱毛。叶具短柄,椭圆形或披针状椭圆形,长14—17厘米,宽4.5—7厘米,顶端渐尖,基部楔形,边缘具尖细齿或细锯齿,纸质,上面有光泽,沿脉被疏黄褐色柔毛,下面特别沿脉被疏短柔毛,后脱毛,羽状脉,侧脉6--7对,弧状上升,叶脉在下面明显凸起;叶柄长1--2厘米,被疏柔毛;上部叶较小。头状花序具舌状花,多数,排成顶生较密的复伞房花序;花序梗长1--2毫米,被黄褐色柔毛,具1--2苞片或小苞片;苞片及小苞片线形。总苞圆柱形,长4毫米,宽1.5--2毫米,具外苞片;苞片数个,线形,长2.5—3.5毫米;总苞片5,线形,宽1.5毫米,钝至尖,上端深绿色,被短微毛,草质,边缘干膜质,外面被疏短毛。舌状花2—3,管部长2.5毫米;舌片黄色,线形,长8.5—10毫米,宽1.5毫米,顶端具2—3细齿,具4脉;长于花柱;管状花3,花冠黄色,长8毫米,管部长2--2.5毫米,檐部漏斗状;裂片线形,长2.5—3毫米,尖。花药长3,5毫米,尾部长为颈部1/2—5/6;附片卵状披针形;颈部粗,向基部略膨大。花柱分枝长1.5毫米,顶端钝,具短乳头状毛,中央的毛不明显。瘦果圆柱形,长2毫米,无毛;冠毛长约7毫米,禾秆色。花期8—9月。
产地分布:产云南西部(瑞丽怒江分水岭)。生于灌丛边,海拔2100--2700米。缅甸也有分布。模式采自瑞丽怒江分水岭。
参考文献:Synotis calocephala C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen in Kew Bull. 39(2):334, 1984.——Senecio calocephalus Chang in Bull.Fan Mem.Inst.Bi01.Bot.6:48. 1935,nom.illegit·,nonPoeppet Endl.1845 necHemsl.1881;S.Y.Hu in Quart. JOlllTI. Taiwan Mus. 21:38. 1968.——Senecio acuminatus Var. 1atifOius Chang, ined.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
38. Synotis calocephala C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen, Kew Bull. 39: 334. 1984.
美头合耳菊 mei tou he er ju Senecio calocephalus C. C. Chang, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 6: 48. 1935, not Poeppig (1845), nor Hemsley (1881).
Subshrubs or shrubby herbs. Stems erect, to 150 cm tall, simple or corymbosely branched in upper part, fulvous pubescent, glabrescent. Leaves shortly petiolate; petiole 1-2 cm, sparsely pubescent; blade elliptic or lanceolate-elliptic, 14-17 × 4.5-7 cm, papery, abaxially dull and sparsely shortly pubescent especially on veins and glabrescent, adaxially nitid and sparsely fulvous pubescent especially on midvein, pinnately veined, lateral veins 12-14, arcuate-ascending, veins prominent abaxially, base cuneate, margin apiculate-denticulate or serrulate, apex acuminate; upper leaves smaller. Capitula radiate, numerous, arranged in terminal rather dense compound corymbs; peduncles 1-2 mm, fulvous pubescent, 1- or 2-bracteate and/or bracteolate; bract and bracteoles linear. Involucres cylindric, ca. 4 × 1.5-2 mm, calyculate; bracts of calyculus several, linear, 2.5-3.5 mm; phyllaries 5, linear, ca. 1.5 mm wide, sparsely puberulent, margin scarious, apically obtuse to acute, dark colored and puberulent. Ray florets 2 or 3; corolla tube ca. 2.5 mm; lamina yellow, linear, 8.5-10 × ca. 1.5 mm, 2- or 3-denticulate, 4-veined; style long exserted. Disk florets 3; corolla yellow, ca. 8 mm, with 2-2.5 mm tube and funnelform limb; lobes linear, 2.5-3 mm, apically acute. Anthers ca. 3.5 mm; anther tails 0.5-0.8 × as long as antheropodia; appendages ovate-lanceolate; antheropodia robust, basally slightly dilated. Style branches ca. 1.5 mm, fringed with short papillae, terminal tuft not differentiated. Achenes ca. 2 mm, glabrous. Pappus straw-colored, ca. 7 mm. Fl. Aug-Sep.Thicket margins; 2100-2700 m. Yunnan (Longchuan Jiang-Nu Jiang divide) [Myanmar].
Synotis calocephala differs from S. acuminata by its thinner textured, relatively broader, and less deeply denticulate leaves and its conspicuously radiate capitula with 5 phyllaries, 2 or 3 ray florets, and 8-10 mm long ray floret laminae.

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