栏目

红花除虫菊Pyrethrum coccineum (Willd.) Worosch.

红花除虫菊Pyrethrum coccineum (Willd.) Worosch.

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:匹菊属 Pyrethrum

《中国植物志》第76(1)卷061页
  4.红花除虫菊
  Pyrethrum coccineum (Willd.) Worosch. in Списке Сем. Гл. Бот.Сада AH CCCP. 9: 21. 1954; Tzvel. in Fl. URSS 2 6: 218. 1961.——Chrysanthemum coccineum Willd., Sp. Pl. 3: 2144. 1803; S. Y. Hu in Quart, Journ. Taiwan Mus. 19: 26. 1966.——Pyrethrum roseum auct. : MB., Fl. Taur.-cauc. 2: 324. 1808 et 3: 578. 1819. quoad Pl. ; DC。, Prodr. 6: 56. 1837; Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 2: 549. 1844-46, non Chrysanthemum roseum Adam. ——Pyrethrum roseum var. adami Trautv. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 5 (2): 443. 1878. ——Chrysanthemum marschallii Aschers. in O. Hoffm. in Engl. et Prantl. Pflanzenfam. 4 (5): 278. 1889.
  多年生草本,高25-50厘米。根状茎短。茎直立,单生。基生叶花期生存,卵形或长椭圆形,长4-8厘米,宽2.5-4厘米,叶柄长2-10厘米,二回羽状分裂。一回为全裂,侧裂片4-8对,长椭圆形;二回为深裂,裂片边缘有锯齿。茎中部叶小,与基生叶同形,并等样分裂,无柄或几无柄。头状花序下部的叶更小,常羽状全裂。全部叶末回裂片椭圆形、长椭圆形或斜三角形,两面有稀疏的毛或无毛。头状花序单生茎顶或茎生2个头状花序。总苞宽10-15毫米。总苞片约4层。外层披针形,长3.5毫米,被短毛或无毛。中内层长椭圆形至线状倒披针形,长约5毫米,无毛。全部苞片边缘浅褐色膜质。舌状花红色,舌片长约16毫米,宽3-4毫米,长椭圆形,顶端2-3齿裂。瘦果长2.5毫米,有5-8条椭圆形纵肋。冠状冠长0.1-0.2毫米,边缘钝浅裂。花果期5-10月。
  原产高加索。我国引种栽培,全草可作杀虫剂。
形态特征:多年生草本,高25—50厘米。根状茎短。茎直立,单生。基生叶花期生存,卵形或长椭圆形,长4—8厘米,宽2.5—4厘米,叶柄长2—10厘米,二回羽状分裂。一回为全裂,侧裂片4—8对,长椭圆形;二回为深裂,裂片边缘有锯齿。茎中部叶小,与基生叶同形,并等样分裂,无柄或几无柄。头状花序下部的叶更小,常羽状全裂。全部叶末回裂片椭圆形、长椭圆形或斜三角形,两面有稀疏的毛或无毛。头状花序单生茎顶或茎生2个头状花序。总苞宽10—15毫米。总苞片约4层。外层披针形,长3.5毫米,被短毛或无毛。中内层长椭圆形至线状倒披针形,长约5毫米,无毛。全部苞片边缘浅褐色膜质。舌状花红色,舌片长约16毫米,宽3—4毫米,长椭圆形,顶端2—3齿裂。瘦果长2.5毫米,有5—8条椭圆形纵肋。冠状冠毛长0.1—0.2毫米,边缘钝浅裂。花果期5—10月。
用    途:原产高加索。我国引种栽培,全草可作杀虫剂。
产地分布:原产高加索。我国引种栽培,全草可作杀虫剂。
参考文献:Pyrethrumcocclneum(Willd.)Chrysan6F2emumcoccineumWilld·,Sp·P1.3:2144,1803;S.Y.HuinQuart,Journ.Tai·wanMus.L9:26.1966.—Pyrethrumroseumauct·:MB.,F1.Taur.-cauo.2:324.1808et3:578.1819·quoadP1·;DC。,Prodr,6:56,1837;Ledeb·,F1.Ross.2:549.1844—46,nonChrysanthemumroseumAdam.-PyrethrumroseumVar.Ada·miTrautv.InAct.Hort.Petrop·5(2):443.1878.——ChrysanthemummarschalliiAschers.InO.Hoffm.InEngl.EtPrantl.Pflanzenlam.4(5):278.1889.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
8. Tanacetum coccineum (Willdenow) Grierson, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh. 33: 262. 1974.
红花除虫菊 hong hua chu chong ju Chrysanthemum coccineum Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 2144. 1803; C. marschallii Ascherson; Pyrethrum coccineum (Willdenow) Voroschilov.
Herbs, perennial; stems 25-50 cm tall, erect, solitary, unbranched or few branched from base, subglabrous. Basal leaves: petiole 2-10 cm; leaf blade ovate or narrowly elliptic, 4-8 × 2.5-4 cm, 2-pinnatisect, both surfaces sparsely pubescent or glabrous; primary lateral segments 5-paired; ultimate segments triangular, elliptic, or narrowly elliptic. Stem leaves similar, sessile or shortly petiolate; leaves below capitula small, pinnatifid or entire. Capitula solitary, terminal. Involucre cup-shaped, 1-1.5 cm in diam.; phyllaries in 4 rows, scarious margin brown, outer phyllaries lanceolate, ca. 3.5 mm, abaxially glabrous or sparsely pubescent, middle and inner ones narrowly elliptic or linear-oblanceolate, ca. 5 mm, abaxially glabrous. Ray florets red; lamina narrowly elliptic, ca. 1.6 cm, apex 2- or 3-denticulate. Achenes ca. 2.5 mm. Corona 0.1-0.2 mm, margin shallowly obtusely lobed. Fl. and fr. May-Oct. 2n = 36.Cultivated. Anhui, Hebei [native to SW Asia (Caucasus)].
Tanacetum coccineum is used as an insecticide in the same way as T. cinerariifolium and is also grown as an ornamental.

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