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斜果菊Plagiobasis centauroides Schrenk

斜果菊Plagiobasis centauroides Schrenk

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:斜果菊属 Plagiobasis

《中国植物志》第78(1)卷181页
  1.斜果菊(中国高等植物图鉴)图版2:12; 7: 1;37:3-4
  Plagiobasis centauroides Schrenk in Bull. Acad. Sc. Sci. Pttersb. 3: (lo), 1845; Czer. in Fl. URSS 28: 256, 1963——P. dschangaricus Iljin in Bull. Jard. Bot. Acad. URSS 30(3-4): 357, 1932.
  多年生草本。根直伸。茎基粗厚,茎单生或少数(2-3条)成簇生,高25-60(80)厘米,有细条纹,中部以上分枝,分枝斜升,全部茎枝粗壮,无毛。基生叶与下部茎叶有叶柄,柄长1.5-6厘米,中部及上部茎叶无柄。中部茎叶椭圆形或几卵形,上部茎叶披针形。全部茎叶质地厚,边缘有锯齿。头状花序少数在茎枝顶端排成伞房花序或疏松的圆锥花序。总苞碗状,直径1.5-2.5厘米。总苞片7层,外层卵形、卵圆形,长0.5-1.2厘米,宽2-7毫米,顶端圆形;中层椭圆形,长1.3厘米,宽7毫米,顶端圆形或钝;内层及最内层长椭圆形至线状披针形,宽1.5-6毫米,包括顶端透明膜质附属物长1.7-1.9厘米,顶端透明膜、质附属物圆形,顶端钝或圆形或急尖。边花雌性或无性,中央盘花两性,全部小花紫色,花冠管状,长2厘米,细管部长9毫米、檐部长 1.1厘米,花冠裂片长5毫米。瘦果长椭圆状圆柱形,长5-6毫米,宽1毫米,被稀疏的白色柔毛,果期脱毛至无毛,无肋棱亦无细脉纹,顶端圆形,无果缘。冠毛白色,几与瘦果等长,多层,向内层渐长,基部不连合成环,但易脱落;冠毛刚毛锯齿状。花果期7-10月。
  分布新疆天山及准噶尔盆地(沙湾等)。生于半荒漠及砾石地。东天山、帕米尔阿赖山地等亦有分布。模式标本采自准噶尔阿拉套山。
形态特征:多年生草本。根直伸。茎基粗厚,茎单生或少数(2—3条)成簇生,高25—60(80)厘米,有细条纹,中部以上分枝,分枝斜升,全部茎枝粗壮,无毛。基生叶与下部茎叶有叶柄,柄长1.5—6厘米,中部及上部茎叶无柄。中部茎叶椭圆形或几卵形,上部茎叶披针形。全部茎叶质地厚,边缘有锯齿。头状花序少数在茎枝顶端排成伞房花序或疏松的圆锥花序。总苞碗状,直径1.5—2.5厘米。总苞片7层,外层卵形、卵圆形,长0.5—1.2厘米,宽2一?毫米,顶端圆形;中层椭圆形,长1.3厘米,宽?毫米,顶端圆形或钝;内层及最内层长椭圆形至线状披针形,宽1.5—6毫米,包括顶端透明膜质附属物长1.7一1.9厘米,顶端透明膜质附属物圆形,顶端钝或圆形或急尖。边花雌性或无性,中央盘花两性,全部小花紫色,花冠管状,长2厘米,细管部长9毫米、檐部长1.1厘米,花冠裂片长5毫米。瘦果长椭圆状圆柱形,长5—6毫米,宽1毫米,被稀疏的白色柔毛,果期脱毛至无毛,无肋棱亦无细脉纹,顶端圆形,无果缘。冠毛白色,几与瘦果等长,多层,向内层渐长,基部不连合成环,但易脱落;冠毛刚毛锯齿状。花果期7-10月。
产地分布:分布新疆天山及准噶尔盆地(沙湾等)。生于半荒漠及砾石地。东天山、帕米尔阿赖山地等亦有分布。模式标本采自准噶尔阿拉套山。
参考文献:Plagiobasis centauroides Schrenk in Bull.Acad.Sc.Sci.P6tersb.3:(10),1845; Czer. In F1.URSS 28:256,1963 P.Dschungaricus I1jin in Bull. Jard.Bot. Acad. URSS 30(3——4):357,1932.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
1. Plagiobasis centauroides Schrenk, Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg. 3: 109. 1845.
斜果菊 xie guo ju Plagiobasis dshungarica Iljin.
Herbs 20-60(-80) cm tall. Stem erect, sparsely branched above middle, striate, glabrous. Leaves thick, glabrous, margin sharply toothed. Basal leaves petiolate; petiole 2-5 cm; leaf blade elliptic to obovate, 4-6 × 1.5-2 cm, base attenuate, apex obtuse to acute. Stem leaves sessile, oblong to lanceolate, base cuneate to rounded and sometimes semiamplexicaul, apex acute. Capitula few, corymbose to laxly paniculate. Involucre globose to ovate, 1-2.5 cm in diam. Phyllaries in 4 or 5 rows, green to yellow-green, leathery, apex sometimes with purple tinge or with dark triangular or semilunar spot; outer and middle phyllaries suborbicular, ovate, or oblong, 5-15 × 4-7 mm, with a narrow faintly delimited membranous margin, apex rounded; inner and innermost phyllaries elliptic to linear-lanceolate, 15-19 × 1.5-5 mm, apically hyaline to scarious, apex obtuse. Corolla 1.6-2 cm. Achene brown, narrowly ellipsoid-cylindric, 5-6 × 1-1.5 mm, sparsely pubescent and early glabrescent, not ribbed, apex rounded. Pappus elements white, 5-7 mm, serrulate, easily falling off. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.Arid areas, gravel areas; ca. 800 m. Xinjiang (Junggar Pendi, Tian Shan) [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan].

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