栏目

华帚菊Pertya sinensis Oliv.

华帚菊Pertya sinensis Oliv.

别名:荸第;帚菊;中国帚菊;中华帚菊;

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:帚菊属 Pertya

《中国植物志》第79卷005页
  1.华帚菊(中国高等植物图鉴)图版1:1-3
  Pertya sinensis Oliv. in Hook. Icon. Pl. 23: t. 2214. 1892; Diels in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 628. 1901; Beauverd in Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve ser. 2, 1: 387. 1909; Bean in Kew Bull. 1910: 174. 1910; Mattf. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 11: 104. 1934; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 13: 409. 1932; Mattf. in Acta Hort, Gotob. 8: 78. 1933; Ling in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peip. 3: 180. 1935, et op. cit. 6: 27. 1948; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 20: 296, 1967;中国高等植物图鉴4: 657.图6728, 1975.秦岭植物志1(5): 383.图275, 1985. ——Myripnois maximoviczii C. Wink. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 13: 12. 1893.
  落叶灌木,高1-2米。枝有长短枝之别,长枝纤细,具显著纵棱和沟槽,老枝的皮易开裂。长枝上的叶互生,叶片长圆状披针形至披针形,长3-5厘米,宽12-15毫米,顶端渐尖或短尖,基部渐狭或有时钝,全缘,两面沿脉被疏毛,中脉上尤著,边缘有柔毛,毛随叶变老而后逐渐脱落;中脉和柔弱的侧脉于两面均凸起,网脉明显;叶柄纤细,短,长2-4毫米;腋芽为被白色柔毛的鳞片所包裹,卵球形,直径约2毫米;短枝上的叶4-6片簇生,叶片长圆状披针形或狭椭圆形,大小常不等,大者长4-6厘米,宽12-15毫米,小者仅为大者之半或更小,顶端钝或有时略尖,基部长渐狭,其它性状与长枝的互生叶相似。头状花序单生于短枝簇生叶丛中,雌雄异株,雌头状花序于花期长约10毫米,具花4-5朵,雄者略短,长6-7毫米,具花9-12朵;总花梗极纤细,长2-3厘米,被疏毛或后脱毛;总苞狭钟形或近圆筒状,长约12毫米,直径约5-8毫米;总苞片4-5层,无毛或边缘被疏毛,外层阔卵形,长和宽近相等,约2毫米,顶端尖,中层倒卵形,长约5.2毫米,上部宽达3毫米,下部宽不足2毫米,最内层倒披针形,长8-9毫米,宽约2.5毫米,二者顶端均圆;花托狭,直径约1毫米,无毛;雌花花冠管状,长约9毫米,向上稍扩大,5深裂,裂片不等长,向上渐狭,长者达4.5毫米,短者仅2-3毫米;退化雄蕊5枚,花药线形,长约4毫米,基部圆钝而无尾;雄花花冠檐部扩大呈钟状,5深裂;雄蕊5枚,花药基部具被毛的长尾;花柱分枝短而扁,顶端略尖。瘦果纺锤形,具10纵棱,密被粗毛,长约7毫米;冠毛干时黄白色,粗糙,有细短毛,雌株的长约10毫米,雄株的略短,长约7毫米。花期7-8月。
  产于青海东部、甘肃东南部(隆德)及西南部、宁夏、陕西东南至西南部(眉县、太白山、佛坪、渭南、华县、华山)、山西南部(霍县、垣曲)、河南西部(卢氏)、湖北西部(兴山、巴东)及四川东部(城口、巫溪)。生于山坡或溪边灌丛或针叶林中,海拔2100-2500米。模式标本采自湖北兴山。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Pertya sinensis  Oliver Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 23: t. 2214. 1892.
华帚菊   hua zhou ju
Myripnois maximowiczii C. Winkler.
Shrubs, deciduous, 1-2 m tall. Leaves on long shoots alternate, petiole 2-4 mm, leaf blade oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, 3-5 × 1.2-1.5 cm, papery, both surfaces sparsely pilose or glabrescent, base attenuate or obtuse, margin entire, apex acuminate or mucronate; leaves on branchlets 4-6, tufted, leaf blade oblong-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 4-6 × 1.2-1.5 cm or smaller. Capitula solitary, terminal on branchlets, dioecious; peduncle 2-3 cm; female capitula ca. 10 mm, with 4 or 5 florets, male 6-7 mm, with 9-12 florets; involucre narrowly campanulate or subcylindric, 5-8 mm in diam.; phyllaries 4- or 5-seriate, abaxially glabrous or margin sparsely pubescent, outer phyllaries broadly ovate, ca. 2 mm, median obovate, ca. 5 mm, inner oblanceolate, 8-9 mm. Female floret corollas tubular, ca. 9 mm, deeply 5-lobed, lobes unequal; male floret corollas deeply 5-lobed, limbs expanded. Achenes fusiform, ca. 7 mm, 10-ribbed, densely hairy; pappus yellow-white, 7-10 mm. Fl. Jun-Aug.
● Scrub, coniferous forests; 2100-2500 m. Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan.

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