苇谷草Pentanema indicum (Linn.) Ling
苇谷草Pentanema indicum (Linn.) Ling
1. 苇谷草 草金沙，止血草（云南）
Pentanema indicum (L.) Ling, 植物分类学报, 10: 179. 1965.——Inula indica L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2: 1834. 1763.-Vicoa auriculata Cass., in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 1, 17: 418. 1829; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 297. 1881; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiw. Mus. 22, 1-2: 24. 1969.——Inula auriculata Wall. Cat. 2965. 1831.——Inula appendiculata Wall. l. c. 2966. 1831.——Vicoa indica (L.) DC. in Wight, Contrib. 10. 1834, et Prodr. 5: 474. 1836. ——Vicoa aurita DC., l. c. 474. 1836.——Vicoa appendiculata (Wall.) DC., l. c. 474. 1836.——Inulaster hotschyi Sch. -Sip. ex Hochst. Flora 25, i instell. 42. 1841. nom.
形态特征：苇谷草(原变种)var．Indicum一年或二年生草本，高达1米。茎直立或斜升，挺直，径1—4毫米，有细沟，被短柔毛或粘毛，稀近无毛，从基部起多分枝，上部有伞房状花序枝；节间长1—3厘米。叶开展，长圆状披针形或线状披针形，长3—8厘米，宽0.3—1厘米，基部较宽大，截形或有圆形小耳，半抱茎，无柄，全缘或有浅齿，边缘常反卷，顶端渐尖，质稍厚，上面深绿色，有糙疣毛，下面黄绿色，被短粗毛；中脉粗壮，和12—15对侧脉及密集的网脉在上面常深陷，在下面突起，常使叶面呈泡状；下部叶在花期枯萎脱落，上部叶较小。头状花序单生于枝端，有长达3—5厘米的细花序梗。总苞宽钟形，长达6毫米；总苞片多层，外层钻形，草质，被短柔毛和腺点，较内层短4—5倍；内层狭长，线形，顶端渐细尖，除绿色中脉外膜质，顶端向外稍弯曲，有腺点。花托半球形，无毛。小花黄色，外面有腺点。舌状花约1层，舌片狭，长6—10毫米，宽稍超出1毫米，无冠毛。瘦果被疏毛。管状花多数，长约4毫米，上半部稍宽，有卵圆形尖裂片；花柱分枝顶端钝或圆形。冠毛白色，后稍黄色，约与管状花花冠等长，有约15个细糙毛。瘦果圆柱形，上端截形，长0．6—0.7毫米，被密伏毛。
用 途：在云南红河区俗称草金沙、止血草，药用全草止血。
产地分布：产广西南部和西部、云南。生于荒地。在越南、缅甸、斯里兰卡及印度都有分布。
参考文献：Pentanema indicum(L．)Ling，植物分类学报， 10：179．1965．——Inulaindia L·，Sp·P1． Ed．2：1834，1763．——Vicoa auriculata Cass，，in Ann．SC． Nat.Ser．1，17：418．1829；Hook．F·，F1．Brit．Ind．3：297．1881; S．Y．Hu in Quart．Journ．Taiw．Mus．22，1-2：24．1969．— Inula auriculata Wall． Cat．2965．1831．——Inula appendiculata Wall．1．C．2966．1831． Vicoa indica(1．)DC．in Wight，Contrib．10．1834，et Prodr．5：474．1836，—— Vicoa aurita DC·，1．C．474．1836．——Vicoa appendiculata(Wall．)DC·，1· C．474．1836。——Inulaster hotschyi Sch．·Bip·ex Hochst．Flora 25，I ins· tell．42．1841．Nom．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Pentanema indicum (Linnaeus) Y. Ling Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 179. 1965.
苇谷草 wei gu cao
Herbs, annual or perennial, up to 1 m tall. Stems erect, branched, 1-4 mm in diam., striped, pubescent or rarely glabrous. Leaves sessile, oblong-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, abaxially yellowish green and hispidulous or densely white tomentose, adaxially deep green and strigillose, base truncate or auriculate and subclasping or hastate, margin entire or shallowly serrulate, apex acuminate. Capitula solitary and terminal; peduncles 3-5 cm. Involucre broadly campanulate, ca. 6 mm; phyllaries in numerous series, outer ones subulate, herbaceous, pubescent and glandular, inner narrowly linear, glandular, innermost 4-5 × as long as outer. Receptacle hemispheric, glabrous. Florets yellow, glandular in outer surfaces. Ray florets in 1 series; lamina narrow, 6-10 × 1-1.2 mm. Disk florets numerous; corolla ca. 4 mm. Achenes terete, 0.6-0.7 mm, densely pubescent, apex truncate. Pappus white, or yellowish later, of ca. 15 bristles, ca. 4 mm in disk florets, absent in ray florets. Fl. Sep-Apr.
Waste fields, grassy slopes; 700-2000 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan [India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical Africa].
别名：松香草;白背苇谷草;野杉根;莘谷草;七头风;花凉;草金杉;止血草;糙叶地丁;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：苇谷草属 Pentanema
1. 苇谷草 草金沙，止血草（云南）
Pentanema indicum (L.) Ling, 植物分类学报, 10: 179. 1965.——Inula indica L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2: 1834. 1763.-Vicoa auriculata Cass., in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 1, 17: 418. 1829; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 297. 1881; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiw. Mus. 22, 1-2: 24. 1969.——Inula auriculata Wall. Cat. 2965. 1831.——Inula appendiculata Wall. l. c. 2966. 1831.——Vicoa indica (L.) DC. in Wight, Contrib. 10. 1834, et Prodr. 5: 474. 1836. ——Vicoa aurita DC., l. c. 474. 1836.——Vicoa appendiculata (Wall.) DC., l. c. 474. 1836.——Inulaster hotschyi Sch. -Sip. ex Hochst. Flora 25, i instell. 42. 1841. nom.
形态特征：苇谷草(原变种)var．Indicum一年或二年生草本，高达1米。茎直立或斜升，挺直，径1—4毫米，有细沟，被短柔毛或粘毛，稀近无毛，从基部起多分枝，上部有伞房状花序枝；节间长1—3厘米。叶开展，长圆状披针形或线状披针形，长3—8厘米，宽0.3—1厘米，基部较宽大，截形或有圆形小耳，半抱茎，无柄，全缘或有浅齿，边缘常反卷，顶端渐尖，质稍厚，上面深绿色，有糙疣毛，下面黄绿色，被短粗毛；中脉粗壮，和12—15对侧脉及密集的网脉在上面常深陷，在下面突起，常使叶面呈泡状；下部叶在花期枯萎脱落，上部叶较小。头状花序单生于枝端，有长达3—5厘米的细花序梗。总苞宽钟形，长达6毫米；总苞片多层，外层钻形，草质，被短柔毛和腺点，较内层短4—5倍；内层狭长，线形，顶端渐细尖，除绿色中脉外膜质，顶端向外稍弯曲，有腺点。花托半球形，无毛。小花黄色，外面有腺点。舌状花约1层，舌片狭，长6—10毫米，宽稍超出1毫米，无冠毛。瘦果被疏毛。管状花多数，长约4毫米，上半部稍宽，有卵圆形尖裂片；花柱分枝顶端钝或圆形。冠毛白色，后稍黄色，约与管状花花冠等长，有约15个细糙毛。瘦果圆柱形，上端截形，长0．6—0.7毫米，被密伏毛。
用 途：在云南红河区俗称草金沙、止血草，药用全草止血。
产地分布：产广西南部和西部、云南。生于荒地。在越南、缅甸、斯里兰卡及印度都有分布。
参考文献：Pentanema indicum(L．)Ling，植物分类学报， 10：179．1965．——Inulaindia L·，Sp·P1． Ed．2：1834，1763．——Vicoa auriculata Cass，，in Ann．SC． Nat.Ser．1，17：418．1829；Hook．F·，F1．Brit．Ind．3：297．1881; S．Y．Hu in Quart．Journ．Taiw．Mus．22，1-2：24．1969．— Inula auriculata Wall． Cat．2965．1831．——Inula appendiculata Wall．1．C．2966．1831． Vicoa indica(1．)DC．in Wight，Contrib．10．1834，et Prodr．5：474．1836，—— Vicoa aurita DC·，1．C．474．1836．——Vicoa appendiculata(Wall．)DC·，1· C．474．1836。——Inulaster hotschyi Sch．·Bip·ex Hochst．Flora 25，I ins· tell．42．1841．Nom．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Pentanema indicum (Linnaeus) Y. Ling Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 179. 1965.
苇谷草 wei gu cao
Herbs, annual or perennial, up to 1 m tall. Stems erect, branched, 1-4 mm in diam., striped, pubescent or rarely glabrous. Leaves sessile, oblong-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, abaxially yellowish green and hispidulous or densely white tomentose, adaxially deep green and strigillose, base truncate or auriculate and subclasping or hastate, margin entire or shallowly serrulate, apex acuminate. Capitula solitary and terminal; peduncles 3-5 cm. Involucre broadly campanulate, ca. 6 mm; phyllaries in numerous series, outer ones subulate, herbaceous, pubescent and glandular, inner narrowly linear, glandular, innermost 4-5 × as long as outer. Receptacle hemispheric, glabrous. Florets yellow, glandular in outer surfaces. Ray florets in 1 series; lamina narrow, 6-10 × 1-1.2 mm. Disk florets numerous; corolla ca. 4 mm. Achenes terete, 0.6-0.7 mm, densely pubescent, apex truncate. Pappus white, or yellowish later, of ca. 15 bristles, ca. 4 mm in disk florets, absent in ray florets. Fl. Sep-Apr.
Waste fields, grassy slopes; 700-2000 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan [India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical Africa].