栏目

绒毛苓菊Jurinea lanipes Rupr. ex Osten-Sacken et Rupr.

绒毛苓菊Jurinea lanipes Rupr. ex Osten-Sacken et Rupr.

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:苓菊属 Jurinea

《中国植物志》第78(1)卷038页
  6.绒毛苓菊(新拟)图版14:1
  Jurinea lanipes Rupr. ex Ostan-Sacken et Rupr. in Mem. Acad. Petersb. Ser. 7, 14(4): 58, 1869: Iljin in Fl. URSS 27: 690, 1962.
  多年生草本,高30厘米。茎基短,粗厚,密被残存的褐色的柄鞘及绵毛。茎单生,直立,不分枝,被白色蛛丝状线毛及稀疏小腺点。基生叶全形倒披针形、长倒披针形或长椭圆形,长5-10厘米,宽2-3厘米,羽状深裂、浅裂或大头羽状深裂,基部有长达4厘米;侧裂片3-6对,卵形或半椭圆形,顶端圆形或钝,极少急尖,通常全缘,顶裂片通常较大或稍大,椭圆形或卵形,全缘。茎生叶少数,与基生叶同形并等样分裂,但无叶柄,最上部茎叶通常线形,不分裂。全部叶质地厚,两面异色,上面绿色,无毛,有稀疏的腺点,下面灰白色,被密厚绒毛。头状花序单生茎端。总苞片碗状,直径2厘米。总苞片6层,外层三角形,长约6毫米,宽约1.5毫米,被稀疏蛛丝毛及小腺点,顶端短芒刺,不向外反折;中内层狭披针形或长椭圆形,长达1.7厘米,宽达2毫米,外面有短糙毛,边缘有短缘毛,顶端芒刺状渐尖,不向外反折。小花红色,花冠外面有腺点,檐部长10毫米,细管部长7毫米。瘦果长圆状倒圆锥形,棕色,4肋,上部有稀疏的刺瘤,顶端有齿状果缘。冠毛白色,冠毛刚毛短羽毛状,有2根超长的冠毛刚毛,基部不连合成环,不脱落,永久固结在瘦果上。
  新疆天山(昭苏)。生于草原,海拔1900-2840米。天山西部及帕米尔地区有分布。模式标本采自天山中部。
形态特征:多年生草本,高30厘米。茎基短,粗厚,密被残存的褐色的柄鞘及绵毛。茎单生,直立,不分枝,被白色蛛丝状线毛及稀疏小腺点。基生叶全形倒披针形、长倒披针形或长椭圆形,长5—10匣米,宽2—3厘米,羽状深裂、浅裂或大头羽状深裂,基部有长达斗厘米;侧裂片3—6对,卵形或半椭圆形,顶端圆形或钝,极少急尖,通常全缘,顶裂片通常较大或稍大,椭圆形或卵形,全缘。茎生叶少数,与基生叶同形并等样分裂,但无叶柄,最上部茎叶通常线形,不分裂。全部叶质地厚,两面异色,上面绿色,无毛,有稀疏的腺点,下面灰白色,被密厚绒毛。头状花序单生茎端。总苞片碗状,直径2厘米。总苞片6层,外层三角形,长约6毫米,宽约1.5毫米,被稀疏蛛丝毛及小腺点,顶端短芒刺,不向外反折;中内层狭披针形或长椭圆形,长达1.7厘米,宽达2毫米,外面有短糙毛,边缘有短缘毛,顶端芒刺状渐尖,不向外反折。小花红色,花冠外面有腺点,檐部长10毫米,细管部长7毫米。瘦果长圆状倒圆锥形,棕色,斗肋,上部有稀疏的刺瘤,顶端有齿状果缘。冠毛白色,冠毛刚毛短羽毛状,有2根超长的冠毛刚毛,基部不连合成环,不脱落,永久固结在瘦果上。
产地分布:新疆天山(昭苏)。生于草原,海拔1900—2840米。天山西部及帕米尔地区有分布。模式标本采自天山中部。
参考文献:Jurinea lanipes Rupr.Ex Osten—Sacken et Rupr.In Main。Acad.P&crsl,.Ser.7, 14(4):58,1869;Iljin in F1.URSS 27:690,1962.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Jurinea lanipes  Ruprecht Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, sér. 7. 14(4): 58. 1869.
绒毛苓菊   rong mao ling ju
Jurinea flaccida C. Shih.
Herbs 15-50 cm tall, perennial. Caudex stout, apically covered with remains of petioles, densely lanate. Stems solitary or several, erect, simple or branched from base. Basal leaves petiolate; petiole 4-6 cm; leaf blade narrowly obovate to elliptic, 5-10 × 2-3 cm, lyrately pinnately lobed, abaxially grayish white and densely tomentose, adaxially green and glabrous or sparsely arachnoid and gland-dotted; lateral lobes 3-10 pairs, ovate to elliptic, margin entire, apex obtuse to rarely acute; terminal lobe larger than lateral ones. Lower and middle stem leaves few, shortly petiolate to sessile, similar to basal leaves. Uppermost stem leaves linear, usually undivided. Capitulum solitary at end of branches. Involucre bowl-shaped, 2-3 cm in diam. Phyllaries in ca. 6 rows, appressed, sparsely arachnoid, gland-dotted, apex spiniform-acuminate; outer phyllaries triangular, 6-10 × 1-2 mm; middle and inner phyllaries narrowly triangular-ovate, 10-18 × 1-2 mm. Corolla reddish purple, 1.6-1.7 cm, tube 4-7 mm, limb 1-1.2 cm, lobes ca. 5 mm. Achene cylindric-obconic, 5-6 mm, apically spinulose-tuberculate. Pappus bristles white, barbellate, 0.8-1.2 cm, with 1 or 2 of inner ones much longer than others, not connate into ring, persistent. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Jun-Sep.
Alpine and subalpine forest meadows, steppes, wastelands, roadsides; 1200-2900 m. NW Xinjiang (Zhaosu) [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan].

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