戟叶小苦荬Ixeridium sagittaroides (C. B. Clarke) Shih
戟叶小苦荬Ixeridium sagittaroides (C. B. Clarke) Shih
1.戟叶小苦荬 茨菇叶苦菜（云南种子植物名录）图版56：3-4
Ixeridium sagittaroides (C. B. Clarke) Shih in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 31: 538. 1993. ——Chondrilla sagittata Wall, , Cat. 113. no 3270. 1831. nom. nud. ——Lactuca sagittaroides C. B. Clarke, Comp. Ind. 265. 1876; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 410. 1881. ——Ixeris sagittaroides (C. B. Clarke) Stebbins in Journ. Bot. Brit. For. 75：50. 1937; Kitam. in Act. Phytotax, et Geobt. 23: 139. 1969.
多年生草本，高15-35厘米，有短缩的根状茎。茎直立，单生，自基部分枝，全部茎枝被极稀疏的多细胞短节毛。基生叶多数，或三角状或五角状戟形，长1.5-4厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端急尖，或半圆状戟形，长3厘米，宽2厘米，顶端圆形，或披针形，长2.5厘米，宽1.5厘米，全部上述三种形状的叶，其边缘有圆或大锯齿或细锯，齿顶有小尖头，有长翼柄，柄长3-10厘米，翼狭，边缘全缘或锯齿，极少有缘毛状锯齿；下部茎叶少数与基生叶同形，但较小或几无下部茎叶；中上部茎几裸露，无叶或有叶，但极小；花序分枝处及花序梗下部有长披针形、基部宽大的小苞片；全部叶及小苞片两面无毛。头状花序多数，明显伞房花序状排列，含舌状小花8-16枚。总苞圆柱状，长7毫米；总苞片2-3层，外层长卵形，长2毫米，宽1毫米，顶端急尖，内层线状长椭圆形，长7毫米，宽1毫米，顶端急尖。舌状小花黄色。瘦果未成熟，褐色，长椭圆状披针形，顶端急尖成细喙。花期4月。
分布云南（双江、腾越、思茅、红河）。海拔1 920米。印度、缅甸、尼泊尔、不丹有分布。模式标本采自尼泊尔。
形态特征：多年生草本，高15—35厘米，有短缩的根状茎。茎直立，单生，自基部分枝，全部茎枝被极稀疏的多细胞短节毛。基生叶多数，或三角状或五角状戟形，长1．5—4厘米，宽1—2厘米，顶端急尖，或半圆状戟形，长3厘米，宽2厘米，顶端圆形，或披针形，长2．5厘米，宽1．5厘米，全部上述三种形状的叶，其边缘有圆或大锯齿或细锯，齿顶有小尖头，有长翼柄，柄长3—10厘米，翼狭，边缘全缘或锯齿，极少有缘毛状锯齿；下部茎叶少数与基生叶同形，但较小或几无下部茎叶；中上部茎几裸露，无叶或有叶，但极小；花序分枝处及花序梗下部有长披针形、基部宽大的小苞片；全部叶及小苞片两面无毛。头状花序多数，明显伞房花序状排列，含舌状小花8—16枚。总苞圆柱状，长7毫米；总苞片2—3层，外层长卵形，长2毫米，宽l毫米，顶端急尖，内层线状长椭圆形，长7毫米，宽1毫米，顶端急尖。舌状小花黄色。瘦果未成熟，褐色，长椭圆状披针形，顶端急尖成细喙。花期4月。
产地分布：分布云南(iX江、腾越、思茅、红河)。海拔1920米。印度、缅甸、尼泊尔、不丹有分布。模式标本采自尼泊尔。
参考文献：Ixeridium sagittaroides(C．B．Clarke)Shih in Act．Phytotax．Sin．31：538． 1993．——Chondrilla sagittata Wall．，Cat．113．No 3270．1831．Nom．nud．--Lactuca sagittaroides C．B．Clarke，Comp．Ind．265．1876；Hook．F．，F1．Brit．Ind．3：410． 1881．——Ixeris sagittaroides(C．B．Clarke)Stebbins in Journ．Bot．Brit．For．75： 50．1937；Kitam．In Act．Phytotax，et Geobt．23：139．1969．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Ixeridium sagittarioides (C. B. Clarke) Pak & Kawano Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyoto Univ., Ser. Biol. 15: 48. 1992.
戟叶小苦荬 ji ye xiao ku mai
Lactuca sagittarioides C. B. Clarke, Compos. Ind. 265. 1876; Ixeris sagittarioides (C. B. Clarke) Stebbins; Mycelis sagittarioides (C. B. Clarke) Sennikov.
Herbs 15-35[-55] cm tall, perennial, rosulate. Stem solitary, erect, branched from basal half or higher up, sparsely hairy. Rosette leaves petiolate; petiole 3-10[-30] cm, narrowly winged, margin entire or sinuate-dentate; leaf blade pentagonal or triangular, 2-8 × 1.5-6 cm, pinnately lobed, margin sinuate-dentate; lateral and terminal lobes triangular with an acute apex. Stem leaves none or few, similar to basal leaves but smaller and less incised or undivided. Synflorescence corymbiform, with some to many capitula. Capitula with 8-16 florets; peduncle wiry. Involucre narrowly cylindric, 7-8 mm. Outer phyllaries ovate to lanceolate, apex acute; inner phyllaries ca. 8[-12], apex acute. Florets yellow. Achene brown [or dark purple, 3-4 mm], narrowly ovoid, apex attenuate into a slender 0.5-1 mm beak. Pappus white, 3-4 mm. Fl. Mar.
Grasslands on mountain slopes; 1900-2000 m. Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, N Myanmar, Nepal, N Thailand].
Insufficiently known and of unclear relationship, this taxon is probably not a member of Ixeridium and perhaps not even of subtribe Crepidinae but of subtribe Lactucinae.Insufficiently known and of unclear relationship, this taxon is probably not a member of Ixeridium and perhaps not even of subtribe Crepidinae but of subtribe Lactucinae.
别名：茨菇叶苦菜;慈菇叶苦菜;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：小苦荬属 Ixeridium
1.戟叶小苦荬 茨菇叶苦菜（云南种子植物名录）图版56：3-4
Ixeridium sagittaroides (C. B. Clarke) Shih in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 31: 538. 1993. ——Chondrilla sagittata Wall, , Cat. 113. no 3270. 1831. nom. nud. ——Lactuca sagittaroides C. B. Clarke, Comp. Ind. 265. 1876; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 410. 1881. ——Ixeris sagittaroides (C. B. Clarke) Stebbins in Journ. Bot. Brit. For. 75：50. 1937; Kitam. in Act. Phytotax, et Geobt. 23: 139. 1969.
多年生草本，高15-35厘米，有短缩的根状茎。茎直立，单生，自基部分枝，全部茎枝被极稀疏的多细胞短节毛。基生叶多数，或三角状或五角状戟形，长1.5-4厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端急尖，或半圆状戟形，长3厘米，宽2厘米，顶端圆形，或披针形，长2.5厘米，宽1.5厘米，全部上述三种形状的叶，其边缘有圆或大锯齿或细锯，齿顶有小尖头，有长翼柄，柄长3-10厘米，翼狭，边缘全缘或锯齿，极少有缘毛状锯齿；下部茎叶少数与基生叶同形，但较小或几无下部茎叶；中上部茎几裸露，无叶或有叶，但极小；花序分枝处及花序梗下部有长披针形、基部宽大的小苞片；全部叶及小苞片两面无毛。头状花序多数，明显伞房花序状排列，含舌状小花8-16枚。总苞圆柱状，长7毫米；总苞片2-3层，外层长卵形，长2毫米，宽1毫米，顶端急尖，内层线状长椭圆形，长7毫米，宽1毫米，顶端急尖。舌状小花黄色。瘦果未成熟，褐色，长椭圆状披针形，顶端急尖成细喙。花期4月。
分布云南（双江、腾越、思茅、红河）。海拔1 920米。印度、缅甸、尼泊尔、不丹有分布。模式标本采自尼泊尔。
形态特征：多年生草本，高15—35厘米，有短缩的根状茎。茎直立，单生，自基部分枝，全部茎枝被极稀疏的多细胞短节毛。基生叶多数，或三角状或五角状戟形，长1．5—4厘米，宽1—2厘米，顶端急尖，或半圆状戟形，长3厘米，宽2厘米，顶端圆形，或披针形，长2．5厘米，宽1．5厘米，全部上述三种形状的叶，其边缘有圆或大锯齿或细锯，齿顶有小尖头，有长翼柄，柄长3—10厘米，翼狭，边缘全缘或锯齿，极少有缘毛状锯齿；下部茎叶少数与基生叶同形，但较小或几无下部茎叶；中上部茎几裸露，无叶或有叶，但极小；花序分枝处及花序梗下部有长披针形、基部宽大的小苞片；全部叶及小苞片两面无毛。头状花序多数，明显伞房花序状排列，含舌状小花8—16枚。总苞圆柱状，长7毫米；总苞片2—3层，外层长卵形，长2毫米，宽l毫米，顶端急尖，内层线状长椭圆形，长7毫米，宽1毫米，顶端急尖。舌状小花黄色。瘦果未成熟，褐色，长椭圆状披针形，顶端急尖成细喙。花期4月。
产地分布：分布云南(iX江、腾越、思茅、红河)。海拔1920米。印度、缅甸、尼泊尔、不丹有分布。模式标本采自尼泊尔。
参考文献：Ixeridium sagittaroides(C．B．Clarke)Shih in Act．Phytotax．Sin．31：538． 1993．——Chondrilla sagittata Wall．，Cat．113．No 3270．1831．Nom．nud．--Lactuca sagittaroides C．B．Clarke，Comp．Ind．265．1876；Hook．F．，F1．Brit．Ind．3：410． 1881．——Ixeris sagittaroides(C．B．Clarke)Stebbins in Journ．Bot．Brit．For．75： 50．1937；Kitam．In Act．Phytotax，et Geobt．23：139．1969．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Ixeridium sagittarioides (C. B. Clarke) Pak & Kawano Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyoto Univ., Ser. Biol. 15: 48. 1992.
戟叶小苦荬 ji ye xiao ku mai
Lactuca sagittarioides C. B. Clarke, Compos. Ind. 265. 1876; Ixeris sagittarioides (C. B. Clarke) Stebbins; Mycelis sagittarioides (C. B. Clarke) Sennikov.
Herbs 15-35[-55] cm tall, perennial, rosulate. Stem solitary, erect, branched from basal half or higher up, sparsely hairy. Rosette leaves petiolate; petiole 3-10[-30] cm, narrowly winged, margin entire or sinuate-dentate; leaf blade pentagonal or triangular, 2-8 × 1.5-6 cm, pinnately lobed, margin sinuate-dentate; lateral and terminal lobes triangular with an acute apex. Stem leaves none or few, similar to basal leaves but smaller and less incised or undivided. Synflorescence corymbiform, with some to many capitula. Capitula with 8-16 florets; peduncle wiry. Involucre narrowly cylindric, 7-8 mm. Outer phyllaries ovate to lanceolate, apex acute; inner phyllaries ca. 8[-12], apex acute. Florets yellow. Achene brown [or dark purple, 3-4 mm], narrowly ovoid, apex attenuate into a slender 0.5-1 mm beak. Pappus white, 3-4 mm. Fl. Mar.
Grasslands on mountain slopes; 1900-2000 m. Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, N Myanmar, Nepal, N Thailand].
Insufficiently known and of unclear relationship, this taxon is probably not a member of Ixeridium and perhaps not even of subtribe Crepidinae but of subtribe Lactucinae.Insufficiently known and of unclear relationship, this taxon is probably not a member of Ixeridium and perhaps not even of subtribe Crepidinae but of subtribe Lactucinae.