线叶旋覆花Inula lineariifolia Turcz.
线叶旋覆花Inula lineariifolia Turcz.
10. 线叶旋覆花（东北植物检索表）蚂蚱膀子，驴耳朵（安徽），窄叶旋覆花（江苏南部种子植物手册）
Inula linearifolia Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 10，7：154. 1837; Maxim., in Mem. Ac. Sc. At. Petersb. 9: 150. 1859; Franch. Mem. Soe. Cherb. 24: 225. 1884; Korsh. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 12: 351. 1893; Komar. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 623. 1907; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 1106. 1936, et in Act. Hort. Goth. 12: 151. 1938; Kitag, Lineam. Fl. Manch. 452. 1939; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiw. Mus. 19, 3-4: 298. 1966; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 478. 图6370. 1975.——Inula britanica L. var. lineariifolia Regel. in Mem. Ac. Sc. St. petersb. ser. 7, 4: 85. 1861; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 429. 1888; Chen in Bull. Fam. Mem. Inst. Biol. 5, 1934; Ling in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peip. 2: 486. 1934. ——Inula britanica L. var. maximoviczii Regel, l. c. 85. 1861. ——Inula squarrosa auct., non L.; Pavol., Nouv. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 5: 423. 1898. excl. syn.——Inula britanica L. ssp. lineariifolia Kitam. in Mem. Coll. Sc. Kyoto Univ. ser. B, 13: 265. 1937.
多年生草本，基部常有不定根。茎直立，单生或2-3个簇生，高30-80厘米，多少粗壮，有细沟，被短柔毛，上部常被长毛，杂有腺体，中部以上或上部有多数细长常稍直立的分枝，全部有稍密的叶，节间长1-4厘米。基部叶和下部叶在花期常生存，线状披针形，有时椭圆状披针形，长5-15厘米，宽0.7-1.5厘米，下部渐狭成长柄，边缘常反卷，有不明显的小锯齿，顶端渐尖，质较厚，上面无毛，下面有腺点，被蛛丝状短柔毛或长伏毛；中脉在上面稍下陷，网脉有时明显；中部叶渐无柄，上部叶渐狭小，线状披针形至线形。头状花序径1.5-2.5厘米，在枝端单生或3-5个排列成伞房状；花序梗短或细长。总苞半球形，长5-6毫米；总苞片约4层，多少等长或外层较短，线状披针形，上部叶质，被腺和短柔毛，下部革质，但有时最外层叶状，较总苞稍长；内层较狭，顶端尖，除中脉外干膜质，有缘毛。舌状花较总苞长2倍；舌片黄色，长圆状线形，长达10毫米。管状花长3.5-4毫米，有尖三角形裂片。冠毛1层，白色，与管状花花冠等长，有多数微糙毛。子房和瘦果圆柱形，有细沟，被短粗毛。花期7-9月，果期8-10月。
广产我国东北部、北部、中部和东部各省。生于山坡、荒地、路旁、河岸，极常见，海拔150-500米。也分布于蒙古、朝鲜、苏联远东地区和日本。
此种叶线状披针形，质较厚，边缘反卷，头状花序小，容易与以下各种区别。此种有变异，有时茎无分枝，头状花序少数生于茎端，或茎短而有1-4个头状花序 (f. simplex Komar., l. c.)，或有时叶较小而椭圆状线形。供药用，功效大致与上种同。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Inula linariifolia Turczaninow Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou. 10(7): 154. 1837.
线叶旋覆花 xian ye xuan fu hua
Inula britannica Linnaeus subsp. linariifolia (Turczaninow) Kitamura; I. britannica var. linariifolia (Turczaninow) Regel; I. britannica var. maximowiczii Regel; I. linariifolia var. intermedia Regel.
Herbs, perennial. Plants 30-80 cm tall; stems simple or branched, covered with white sparse multicellular appressed hairs. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, sparsely pilose abaxially, glabrous adaxially, margin entire or with fine rare denticles; lower leaves ca. 10 × 1 cm, petioles ca. 3 cm; upper leaves sessile, 6-10 × 0.5-1 cm; floral leaves 1-4 cm × 1.5-5 mm. Capitula 1-2.8 cm in diam., 5-25 in corymbiform synflorescences and borne on glandular-pubescent peduncles 0.6-3 cm. Involucre 1-1.3 cm in diam.; phyllaries straight, in 4 series, gland-dotted abaxially, sometimes outer ones unbent, acute, margin with golden, appressed, elliptic, sessile or shortly stalked glands, outer phyllaries lanceolate, 3-3.5 × ca. 0.8 mm, leathery at base, herbaceous, pilose adaxially, median membranous, 4-5 × ca. 0.6 mm, upper part sometimes reddish, inner linear, membranous, as long as median ones, ca. 0.3 mm wide, glabrous. Ray florets yellow, 0.7-1.2 cm, 2-3 × as long as phyllaries, covered outside with sparse golden glands, tube small, 2-2.5 mm, slightly shorter than pappus; lamina linear, 4-7.5 × ca. 0.8 mm, 3- or 4-veined and with 3 denticles above. Disk florets as long as pappus, yellow, with 5 acute glandular denticles at margin. Achenes brown, cylindric, longitudinally ribbed, 1-1.2 × 0.2-0.4 mm, pubescent with sparse appressed hairs. Pappus ca. 3 mm, with ca. 25 bristles. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 24.
Riverbanks, meadows, grassy slopes, waste fields; below 1800 m. Anhui, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
别名：线状旋覆花;窄叶旋覆花;条叶旋覆花;金佛花;独脚黄;黄菊花;金茀草;蚂蚱膀子;条叶旋复花;狭叶旋复花;狭叶旋覆花;线叶旋复花;旋复花;窄叶旋复花;独脚黄菊花;那林-阿拉坦-导苏乐;驴耳朵;六月菊;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：旋覆花属 Inula
10. 线叶旋覆花（东北植物检索表）蚂蚱膀子，驴耳朵（安徽），窄叶旋覆花（江苏南部种子植物手册）
Inula linearifolia Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 10，7：154. 1837; Maxim., in Mem. Ac. Sc. At. Petersb. 9: 150. 1859; Franch. Mem. Soe. Cherb. 24: 225. 1884; Korsh. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 12: 351. 1893; Komar. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 623. 1907; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 1106. 1936, et in Act. Hort. Goth. 12: 151. 1938; Kitag, Lineam. Fl. Manch. 452. 1939; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiw. Mus. 19, 3-4: 298. 1966; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 478. 图6370. 1975.——Inula britanica L. var. lineariifolia Regel. in Mem. Ac. Sc. St. petersb. ser. 7, 4: 85. 1861; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 429. 1888; Chen in Bull. Fam. Mem. Inst. Biol. 5, 1934; Ling in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peip. 2: 486. 1934. ——Inula britanica L. var. maximoviczii Regel, l. c. 85. 1861. ——Inula squarrosa auct., non L.; Pavol., Nouv. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 5: 423. 1898. excl. syn.——Inula britanica L. ssp. lineariifolia Kitam. in Mem. Coll. Sc. Kyoto Univ. ser. B, 13: 265. 1937.
多年生草本，基部常有不定根。茎直立，单生或2-3个簇生，高30-80厘米，多少粗壮，有细沟，被短柔毛，上部常被长毛，杂有腺体，中部以上或上部有多数细长常稍直立的分枝，全部有稍密的叶，节间长1-4厘米。基部叶和下部叶在花期常生存，线状披针形，有时椭圆状披针形，长5-15厘米，宽0.7-1.5厘米，下部渐狭成长柄，边缘常反卷，有不明显的小锯齿，顶端渐尖，质较厚，上面无毛，下面有腺点，被蛛丝状短柔毛或长伏毛；中脉在上面稍下陷，网脉有时明显；中部叶渐无柄，上部叶渐狭小，线状披针形至线形。头状花序径1.5-2.5厘米，在枝端单生或3-5个排列成伞房状；花序梗短或细长。总苞半球形，长5-6毫米；总苞片约4层，多少等长或外层较短，线状披针形，上部叶质，被腺和短柔毛，下部革质，但有时最外层叶状，较总苞稍长；内层较狭，顶端尖，除中脉外干膜质，有缘毛。舌状花较总苞长2倍；舌片黄色，长圆状线形，长达10毫米。管状花长3.5-4毫米，有尖三角形裂片。冠毛1层，白色，与管状花花冠等长，有多数微糙毛。子房和瘦果圆柱形，有细沟，被短粗毛。花期7-9月，果期8-10月。
广产我国东北部、北部、中部和东部各省。生于山坡、荒地、路旁、河岸，极常见，海拔150-500米。也分布于蒙古、朝鲜、苏联远东地区和日本。
此种叶线状披针形，质较厚，边缘反卷，头状花序小，容易与以下各种区别。此种有变异，有时茎无分枝，头状花序少数生于茎端，或茎短而有1-4个头状花序 (f. simplex Komar., l. c.)，或有时叶较小而椭圆状线形。供药用，功效大致与上种同。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Inula linariifolia Turczaninow Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou. 10(7): 154. 1837.
线叶旋覆花 xian ye xuan fu hua
Inula britannica Linnaeus subsp. linariifolia (Turczaninow) Kitamura; I. britannica var. linariifolia (Turczaninow) Regel; I. britannica var. maximowiczii Regel; I. linariifolia var. intermedia Regel.
Herbs, perennial. Plants 30-80 cm tall; stems simple or branched, covered with white sparse multicellular appressed hairs. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, sparsely pilose abaxially, glabrous adaxially, margin entire or with fine rare denticles; lower leaves ca. 10 × 1 cm, petioles ca. 3 cm; upper leaves sessile, 6-10 × 0.5-1 cm; floral leaves 1-4 cm × 1.5-5 mm. Capitula 1-2.8 cm in diam., 5-25 in corymbiform synflorescences and borne on glandular-pubescent peduncles 0.6-3 cm. Involucre 1-1.3 cm in diam.; phyllaries straight, in 4 series, gland-dotted abaxially, sometimes outer ones unbent, acute, margin with golden, appressed, elliptic, sessile or shortly stalked glands, outer phyllaries lanceolate, 3-3.5 × ca. 0.8 mm, leathery at base, herbaceous, pilose adaxially, median membranous, 4-5 × ca. 0.6 mm, upper part sometimes reddish, inner linear, membranous, as long as median ones, ca. 0.3 mm wide, glabrous. Ray florets yellow, 0.7-1.2 cm, 2-3 × as long as phyllaries, covered outside with sparse golden glands, tube small, 2-2.5 mm, slightly shorter than pappus; lamina linear, 4-7.5 × ca. 0.8 mm, 3- or 4-veined and with 3 denticles above. Disk florets as long as pappus, yellow, with 5 acute glandular denticles at margin. Achenes brown, cylindric, longitudinally ribbed, 1-1.2 × 0.2-0.4 mm, pubescent with sparse appressed hairs. Pappus ca. 3 mm, with ca. 25 bristles. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 24.
Riverbanks, meadows, grassy slopes, waste fields; below 1800 m. Anhui, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].