多茎鼠麴草Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers.
多茎鼠麴草Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers.
18. 多茎鼠麴草（中国高等植物图鉴）图版38：8-14
Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers., Syn 2: 421. 1807; Griers. in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 31 (1): 137. 1971; 中国高等植物图鉴 4: 474. 图6362, 1975.——Gnaphalium multicaule Willd., Sp. Pl. 3, 3: 1888. 1803, non Lamk. 1789. Gnaphalium strictum Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 424. 1832.——Gnaphalium indicum auct. non L.: Boiss., Fl. Or. 3: 225. 1875; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 289. 1881; Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 340 1966.
一年生草本。茎多分枝，下部匍匐或斜升，高10-25厘米，基部径1-2毫米，具纵细纹，密被白色棉毛或基部有时多少脱毛，节间较短，长1-1.5厘米。下部叶倒披针形，长2-4厘米，宽4-8毫米，基部长渐狭，下延，无柄，顶端通常短尖，全缘或有时微波状，两面被白色棉毛或上面有时多少脱毛；中部和上部的叶较小，倒卵状长圆形或匙状长圆形，长1-2厘米，宽2-4毫米，向下渐长狭，顶端具短尖头或中脉延伸成刺尖状。头状花序多数，长2-3毫米，径2-2.5毫米，在茎枝顶端密集成穗状花序；总苞卵形，宽近2毫米；总苞片2层，麦秆黄色或污黄色，膜质，外层长圆状披针形，长约2毫米，顶端短尖，背面中部以下沿脊有淡红色条状增厚，被棉毛，内层线形，几与外层等长，顶端尖，基部稍弯曲，背面被疏毛或几无毛；花托干时平或仅于中央稍凹入，无毛。雌花多数，花冠丝状，长约1.5毫米，顶端3齿裂。两性花少数，花冠管状，长约1.5毫米，向上渐扩大，檐部5浅裂，裂片顶端尖，无毛。瘦果圆柱形，长约0.5毫米，具乳头状突起。冠毛绢毛状，污白色，基部分离，易脱落，长约1.5毫米。花期1-4月。
产浙江南部、福建南部、广东南部及其沿海各岛屿至贵州南部（望谟）以及云南等地。生于耕地、草地或湿润山地上。也分布于埃及、印度、泰国、澳大利亚及热带非洲。
形态特征：一年生草本。茎多分枝，下部匍匐或斜升，高10—25厘米，基部径1—2毫米，具纵细纹，密被白色棉毛或基部有时多少脱毛，节间较短，长1—1．5厘米。下部叶倒披针形，长2—4厘米，宽4—8毫米，基部长渐狭，下延，无柄，顶端通常短尖，全缘或有时微波状，两面被白色棉毛或上面有时多少脱毛；中部和上部的叶较小，倒卵状长圆形或匙状长圆形，长1—2厘米，宽2—4毫米，向下渐长狭，顶端具短尖头或中脉延伸成刺尖状。头状花序多数；长2—3毫米，径2—2．5毫米，在茎枝顶端密集成穗状花序；总苞卵形，宽近2毫米；总苞片2层，麦秆黄色或污黄色，膜质，外层长圆状披针形，长约2毫米，顶端短尖，背面中部以下沿脊有淡红色条状增厚，被棉毛，内层线形，几与外层等长，顶端尖，基部稍弯曲，背面被疏毛或几无毛；花托干时平或仅于中央稍凹入，无毛。雌花多数，花冠丝状，长约1，5毫米，顶端3齿裂。两性花少数，花冠管状，长约1．5毫米，向上渐扩大，檐部5浅裂，裂片顶端尖，无毛。瘦果圆柱形，长约0.5毫米，具乳头状突起。冠毛绢毛状，污白色，基部分离，易脱落，长约1．5毫米。花期1—4月。
产地分布：产浙江南部、福建南部、广东南部及其沿海各岛屿至贵州南部(望谟)以及云南等地。生于耕地、草地或湿润山地上。也分布于埃及、印度、泰国、懊大利亚及热带非洲。
参考文献：Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers·，Syn 2：421．1807；Griers．In Not．Bot． Gard．Edinb．31(1)：137．1971；中国高等植物图鉴4：474．图6362，1975．—— Gnaphalium multicaule Willd·，Sp·P1. 3，3：1888．1803，non Lamk．1789． ——Gnaphalium strictum Roxb·，F1．Ind．2：424．1832．——Gnaphalium in- dicum auct，non L·：Boiss·，F1．Or．3：225．1875；Hook．F·，F1．Brit．Ind． 3：289．1881；Hara，F1．E．Himal．340 1966．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Gnaphalium polycaulon Persoon Syn. Pl. 2: 421. 1807.
多茎鼠麴草 duo jing shu qu cao
Gnaphalium multicaule Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 1888. 1803, not Lamarck (1788); G. strictum Roxburgh.
Herbs, annual, dwarf, erect to decumbent, densely white lanate-tomentose, especially in upper part. Stems slender, simple or more commonly much branched, 8-25 cm tall, 0.5-1.5 mm in diam. Leaves sessile, grayish green, spatulate or oblanceolate-oblong, 1.5-4.5 cm × 3-8 mm, thinly appressed tomentose on both surfaces, margin and lower midribs sometimes flushed with purple, base narrowed, petioliform, margin wavy, apex obtuse and apiculate. Capitula 2-5, arranged in a spike to 2 cm, at tips of stems and branches, campanulate, 2.5-3 × 2-2.5 mm, densely lanate to 2/3 from base. Phyllaries 3-seriate, loosely imbricate, gradate, with pale brown apex, red-purple middle, and green base, these becoming brown when dry, elliptic-ovate or elliptic to linear-oblong, 1.6-2.2 × 0.5-0.8 mm, scarious, apex acute. Receptacle ca. 1.3 mm in diam., pitted. Outer florets many; corolla greenish yellow, filiform, ca. 1.2 mm, apex minutely 2- or 3-lobed, flushed with purple. Central florets 5 or 6, greenish yellow, tubular, ca. 1.5 × 0.5 mm, 5-toothed at apex, teeth flushed with purple. Stamens yellow, ca. 0.6 mm; anthers sagittate at base, connate into a tube around style. Style white, ca. 1.6 mm; style branches linear, flushed with orange-yellow; ovary olivaceous, cylindric, ca. 0.5 mm. Achenes pale brown, oblong-rectangular, ca. 0.5 mm, minutely punctuate. Pappus whitish, ca. 1.2 mm, bristles 5-8, distinct, falling separately. Fl. Jan-Apr. 2n = 14.
A pantropical weed, in moist sunny places at roadsides, in grasslands, and also in and around cultivated fields. Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Japan, Pakistan, Thailand; tropical and subtropical Africa, tropical America, Australia].
Similar to Gamochaeta pensylvanica, this species differs by its more compact habit, oblanceolate leaves, and free, separately deciduous pappus bristles more dilated at apex.Similar to Gamochaeta pensylvanica, this species differs by its more compact habit, oblanceolate leaves, and free, separately deciduous pappus bristles more dilated at apex.
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：鼠麴草属 Gnaphalium
18. 多茎鼠麴草（中国高等植物图鉴）图版38：8-14
Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers., Syn 2: 421. 1807; Griers. in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 31 (1): 137. 1971; 中国高等植物图鉴 4: 474. 图6362, 1975.——Gnaphalium multicaule Willd., Sp. Pl. 3, 3: 1888. 1803, non Lamk. 1789. Gnaphalium strictum Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 424. 1832.——Gnaphalium indicum auct. non L.: Boiss., Fl. Or. 3: 225. 1875; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 289. 1881; Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 340 1966.
一年生草本。茎多分枝，下部匍匐或斜升，高10-25厘米，基部径1-2毫米，具纵细纹，密被白色棉毛或基部有时多少脱毛，节间较短，长1-1.5厘米。下部叶倒披针形，长2-4厘米，宽4-8毫米，基部长渐狭，下延，无柄，顶端通常短尖，全缘或有时微波状，两面被白色棉毛或上面有时多少脱毛；中部和上部的叶较小，倒卵状长圆形或匙状长圆形，长1-2厘米，宽2-4毫米，向下渐长狭，顶端具短尖头或中脉延伸成刺尖状。头状花序多数，长2-3毫米，径2-2.5毫米，在茎枝顶端密集成穗状花序；总苞卵形，宽近2毫米；总苞片2层，麦秆黄色或污黄色，膜质，外层长圆状披针形，长约2毫米，顶端短尖，背面中部以下沿脊有淡红色条状增厚，被棉毛，内层线形，几与外层等长，顶端尖，基部稍弯曲，背面被疏毛或几无毛；花托干时平或仅于中央稍凹入，无毛。雌花多数，花冠丝状，长约1.5毫米，顶端3齿裂。两性花少数，花冠管状，长约1.5毫米，向上渐扩大，檐部5浅裂，裂片顶端尖，无毛。瘦果圆柱形，长约0.5毫米，具乳头状突起。冠毛绢毛状，污白色，基部分离，易脱落，长约1.5毫米。花期1-4月。
产浙江南部、福建南部、广东南部及其沿海各岛屿至贵州南部（望谟）以及云南等地。生于耕地、草地或湿润山地上。也分布于埃及、印度、泰国、澳大利亚及热带非洲。
形态特征：一年生草本。茎多分枝，下部匍匐或斜升，高10—25厘米，基部径1—2毫米，具纵细纹，密被白色棉毛或基部有时多少脱毛，节间较短，长1—1．5厘米。下部叶倒披针形，长2—4厘米，宽4—8毫米，基部长渐狭，下延，无柄，顶端通常短尖，全缘或有时微波状，两面被白色棉毛或上面有时多少脱毛；中部和上部的叶较小，倒卵状长圆形或匙状长圆形，长1—2厘米，宽2—4毫米，向下渐长狭，顶端具短尖头或中脉延伸成刺尖状。头状花序多数；长2—3毫米，径2—2．5毫米，在茎枝顶端密集成穗状花序；总苞卵形，宽近2毫米；总苞片2层，麦秆黄色或污黄色，膜质，外层长圆状披针形，长约2毫米，顶端短尖，背面中部以下沿脊有淡红色条状增厚，被棉毛，内层线形，几与外层等长，顶端尖，基部稍弯曲，背面被疏毛或几无毛；花托干时平或仅于中央稍凹入，无毛。雌花多数，花冠丝状，长约1，5毫米，顶端3齿裂。两性花少数，花冠管状，长约1．5毫米，向上渐扩大，檐部5浅裂，裂片顶端尖，无毛。瘦果圆柱形，长约0.5毫米，具乳头状突起。冠毛绢毛状，污白色，基部分离，易脱落，长约1．5毫米。花期1—4月。
产地分布：产浙江南部、福建南部、广东南部及其沿海各岛屿至贵州南部(望谟)以及云南等地。生于耕地、草地或湿润山地上。也分布于埃及、印度、泰国、懊大利亚及热带非洲。
参考文献：Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers·，Syn 2：421．1807；Griers．In Not．Bot． Gard．Edinb．31(1)：137．1971；中国高等植物图鉴4：474．图6362，1975．—— Gnaphalium multicaule Willd·，Sp·P1. 3，3：1888．1803，non Lamk．1789． ——Gnaphalium strictum Roxb·，F1．Ind．2：424．1832．——Gnaphalium in- dicum auct，non L·：Boiss·，F1．Or．3：225．1875；Hook．F·，F1．Brit．Ind． 3：289．1881；Hara，F1．E．Himal．340 1966．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Gnaphalium polycaulon Persoon Syn. Pl. 2: 421. 1807.
多茎鼠麴草 duo jing shu qu cao
Gnaphalium multicaule Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 1888. 1803, not Lamarck (1788); G. strictum Roxburgh.
Herbs, annual, dwarf, erect to decumbent, densely white lanate-tomentose, especially in upper part. Stems slender, simple or more commonly much branched, 8-25 cm tall, 0.5-1.5 mm in diam. Leaves sessile, grayish green, spatulate or oblanceolate-oblong, 1.5-4.5 cm × 3-8 mm, thinly appressed tomentose on both surfaces, margin and lower midribs sometimes flushed with purple, base narrowed, petioliform, margin wavy, apex obtuse and apiculate. Capitula 2-5, arranged in a spike to 2 cm, at tips of stems and branches, campanulate, 2.5-3 × 2-2.5 mm, densely lanate to 2/3 from base. Phyllaries 3-seriate, loosely imbricate, gradate, with pale brown apex, red-purple middle, and green base, these becoming brown when dry, elliptic-ovate or elliptic to linear-oblong, 1.6-2.2 × 0.5-0.8 mm, scarious, apex acute. Receptacle ca. 1.3 mm in diam., pitted. Outer florets many; corolla greenish yellow, filiform, ca. 1.2 mm, apex minutely 2- or 3-lobed, flushed with purple. Central florets 5 or 6, greenish yellow, tubular, ca. 1.5 × 0.5 mm, 5-toothed at apex, teeth flushed with purple. Stamens yellow, ca. 0.6 mm; anthers sagittate at base, connate into a tube around style. Style white, ca. 1.6 mm; style branches linear, flushed with orange-yellow; ovary olivaceous, cylindric, ca. 0.5 mm. Achenes pale brown, oblong-rectangular, ca. 0.5 mm, minutely punctuate. Pappus whitish, ca. 1.2 mm, bristles 5-8, distinct, falling separately. Fl. Jan-Apr. 2n = 14.
A pantropical weed, in moist sunny places at roadsides, in grasslands, and also in and around cultivated fields. Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Japan, Pakistan, Thailand; tropical and subtropical Africa, tropical America, Australia].
Similar to Gamochaeta pensylvanica, this species differs by its more compact habit, oblanceolate leaves, and free, separately deciduous pappus bristles more dilated at apex.Similar to Gamochaeta pensylvanica, this species differs by its more compact habit, oblanceolate leaves, and free, separately deciduous pappus bristles more dilated at apex.