华东蓝刺头Echinops grijsii Hance
华东蓝刺头Echinops grijsii Hance
6.华东蓝刺头（中国高等植物图鉴）格利氏蓝刺头（江苏南部种子植物手册）图版18：1-3
Echinops grijsii Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. 5(5): 221, 1866; Kitam. in Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Univ. Ser. B. 13: 17, 1937 et in Act. Phytotax. et Geobot. 10: 15, 1941; 江苏南部种子植物手册, 793, 1959; S. Y. Hu in Qaurt. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 19: 239, 1966; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 599, 1975; Shih in Bull. Bot. Lab. North. -Eastern Forest. Inst. 5: 66, 1979——Echnops cathayanus Kitag. in Tokyo Bot. Mag. 50: 197, 1936——Echinops dahuricus auct. non Fisch. : Forbes. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 459, 1888, p. p.; Henry, List. Pl. Formos. 55, 1896; Hayata, Comp. Formos. 33, 1904 et Fl. Mont. Formos. 140, 1908 et Icon. Pl. Formos. 8: 69, 1916; Matsum. et Hayata, Enum. Pl. Formos. 221, 1906; Kawakami, List. Pl. Formos. 57, 1910.
多年生草本，高30-80厘米。茎直立，单生，上部通常有短或长花序分枝，基部通常有棕褐色的残存的纤维状撕裂的叶柄，全部茎枝被密厚的蛛丝状绵毛，下部花期变稀毛。叶质地薄，纸质。基部叶及下部茎叶有长叶柄，全形椭圆形、长椭圆形、长卵形或卵状披针形，长10-15厘米，宽4-7厘米，羽状深裂；侧裂片4-5(7）对，卵状三角形、椭圆形、长椭圆形或线状长椭圆形；全部裂片边缘有均匀而细密的刺状缘毛。向上叶渐小。中部茎叶披针形或长椭圆形，与基部及下部茎叶等样分裂，无柄或有较短的柄。全部茎叶两面异色，上面绿色，无毛无腺点，下面白色或灰白色，被密厚的蛛丝状绵毛。复头状花序单生枝端或茎顶，直径约4厘米。头状花序长1.5-2厘米。基毛多数，白色，不等长，扁毛状，长7-8毫米，为总苞长度之半。外层苞片与基毛近等长，线状倒披针形，爪部中部以下有白色长缘毛，缘毛长达6毫米，上部椭圆状扩大，褐色，边缘短缘毛；中层长椭圆形，长约1.3厘米，上部边缘有短缘毛，中部以上渐窄，顶端芒刺状短渐尖；内层苞片长椭圆形，长1.5厘米，顶端芒状齿裂或芒状片裂。全部苞片24-28个，外面无毛无腺点。小花长1厘米，花冠5深裂，花冠管外面有腺点。瘦果倒圆锥状，长1厘米，被密厚的顺向贴伏的棕黄色长直毛，不遮盖冠毛。冠毛量杯状，长3毫米；冠毛膜片线形，边缘糙毛状，大部结合，花果期7-10月。
我国特有种，分布辽宁（南部）、山东、河南、安徽、江苏、福建、台湾、广西。生于山坡草地，海拔120-（？）米。模式标本采自福建。
山东和辽宁的植株，在叶的分裂度上与南方地区的植株不同，即北方的植株，中下部茎叶倾向二回羽状分裂，一回为羽状全裂，二回为羽状深裂，二回裂片长披针形或长三角形。这也是一个多居群性质的种。中国高等植物图鉴（第4册，599页，1975年）以及本分册第8张图版上的这个种的全形图都是根据南方地区的标本绘制的。本种分布不限于华东地区，中名华东蓝刺头显然不宜。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Echinops grijsii Hance Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5. 5: 221. 1866.
华东蓝刺头 hua dong lan ci tou
Echinops cathayanus Kitagawa.
Herbs 30-80 cm tall, perennial. Stem solitary, apically usually branched, densely and thickly cobwebby, with fibrous petiole remains at base. Leaves papery, abaxially whitish to grayish white and densely cobwebby to thickly lanate, adaxially green, glabrous, and not glandular. Basal and lower cauline leaves long petiolate; leaf blade ± narrowly elliptic, ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 10-15 × 4-7 cm, pinnatipartite; segments 4 or 5(-7) pairs, ovate-triangular to linear-elliptic, margin finely and densely spinulose. Middle cauline leaves similar but shortly petiolate or sessile. Pseudocephalia 1 to several, ca. 4 cm in diam. Capitula 1.5-2 cm. Phyllaries 24-28, glabrous, abaxially not gland-dotted; outermost phyllaries numerous, oblanceolate, 7-8 mm, unequal, ca. 1/2 as long as involucre, claw margin long ciliate in proximal half, distal portion brown, broadly elliptic, and margin shortly ciliate; middle phyllaries narrowly elliptic, ca. 1.3 cm, distal portion gradually constricted from middle into a spiny tip and margin shortly ciliate; inner phyllaries narrowly elliptic, ca. 1.5 cm, apex dentate. Florets ca. 1 cm. Corolla white, tube outside gland-dotted. Achene ca. 1 cm, hairs brownish yellow. Pappus scales linear, ca. 3 mm, connate almost entirely. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 32+2B*.
● Grasslands; 100-800 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Liaoning, Shandong, Taiwan, Zhejiang.
别名：格利氏蓝刺头;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：蓝刺头属 Echinops
6.华东蓝刺头（中国高等植物图鉴）格利氏蓝刺头（江苏南部种子植物手册）图版18：1-3
Echinops grijsii Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. 5(5): 221, 1866; Kitam. in Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Univ. Ser. B. 13: 17, 1937 et in Act. Phytotax. et Geobot. 10: 15, 1941; 江苏南部种子植物手册, 793, 1959; S. Y. Hu in Qaurt. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 19: 239, 1966; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 599, 1975; Shih in Bull. Bot. Lab. North. -Eastern Forest. Inst. 5: 66, 1979——Echnops cathayanus Kitag. in Tokyo Bot. Mag. 50: 197, 1936——Echinops dahuricus auct. non Fisch. : Forbes. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 459, 1888, p. p.; Henry, List. Pl. Formos. 55, 1896; Hayata, Comp. Formos. 33, 1904 et Fl. Mont. Formos. 140, 1908 et Icon. Pl. Formos. 8: 69, 1916; Matsum. et Hayata, Enum. Pl. Formos. 221, 1906; Kawakami, List. Pl. Formos. 57, 1910.
多年生草本，高30-80厘米。茎直立，单生，上部通常有短或长花序分枝，基部通常有棕褐色的残存的纤维状撕裂的叶柄，全部茎枝被密厚的蛛丝状绵毛，下部花期变稀毛。叶质地薄，纸质。基部叶及下部茎叶有长叶柄，全形椭圆形、长椭圆形、长卵形或卵状披针形，长10-15厘米，宽4-7厘米，羽状深裂；侧裂片4-5(7）对，卵状三角形、椭圆形、长椭圆形或线状长椭圆形；全部裂片边缘有均匀而细密的刺状缘毛。向上叶渐小。中部茎叶披针形或长椭圆形，与基部及下部茎叶等样分裂，无柄或有较短的柄。全部茎叶两面异色，上面绿色，无毛无腺点，下面白色或灰白色，被密厚的蛛丝状绵毛。复头状花序单生枝端或茎顶，直径约4厘米。头状花序长1.5-2厘米。基毛多数，白色，不等长，扁毛状，长7-8毫米，为总苞长度之半。外层苞片与基毛近等长，线状倒披针形，爪部中部以下有白色长缘毛，缘毛长达6毫米，上部椭圆状扩大，褐色，边缘短缘毛；中层长椭圆形，长约1.3厘米，上部边缘有短缘毛，中部以上渐窄，顶端芒刺状短渐尖；内层苞片长椭圆形，长1.5厘米，顶端芒状齿裂或芒状片裂。全部苞片24-28个，外面无毛无腺点。小花长1厘米，花冠5深裂，花冠管外面有腺点。瘦果倒圆锥状，长1厘米，被密厚的顺向贴伏的棕黄色长直毛，不遮盖冠毛。冠毛量杯状，长3毫米；冠毛膜片线形，边缘糙毛状，大部结合，花果期7-10月。
我国特有种，分布辽宁（南部）、山东、河南、安徽、江苏、福建、台湾、广西。生于山坡草地，海拔120-（？）米。模式标本采自福建。
山东和辽宁的植株，在叶的分裂度上与南方地区的植株不同，即北方的植株，中下部茎叶倾向二回羽状分裂，一回为羽状全裂，二回为羽状深裂，二回裂片长披针形或长三角形。这也是一个多居群性质的种。中国高等植物图鉴（第4册，599页，1975年）以及本分册第8张图版上的这个种的全形图都是根据南方地区的标本绘制的。本种分布不限于华东地区，中名华东蓝刺头显然不宜。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Echinops grijsii Hance Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5. 5: 221. 1866.
华东蓝刺头 hua dong lan ci tou
Echinops cathayanus Kitagawa.
Herbs 30-80 cm tall, perennial. Stem solitary, apically usually branched, densely and thickly cobwebby, with fibrous petiole remains at base. Leaves papery, abaxially whitish to grayish white and densely cobwebby to thickly lanate, adaxially green, glabrous, and not glandular. Basal and lower cauline leaves long petiolate; leaf blade ± narrowly elliptic, ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 10-15 × 4-7 cm, pinnatipartite; segments 4 or 5(-7) pairs, ovate-triangular to linear-elliptic, margin finely and densely spinulose. Middle cauline leaves similar but shortly petiolate or sessile. Pseudocephalia 1 to several, ca. 4 cm in diam. Capitula 1.5-2 cm. Phyllaries 24-28, glabrous, abaxially not gland-dotted; outermost phyllaries numerous, oblanceolate, 7-8 mm, unequal, ca. 1/2 as long as involucre, claw margin long ciliate in proximal half, distal portion brown, broadly elliptic, and margin shortly ciliate; middle phyllaries narrowly elliptic, ca. 1.3 cm, distal portion gradually constricted from middle into a spiny tip and margin shortly ciliate; inner phyllaries narrowly elliptic, ca. 1.5 cm, apex dentate. Florets ca. 1 cm. Corolla white, tube outside gland-dotted. Achene ca. 1 cm, hairs brownish yellow. Pappus scales linear, ca. 3 mm, connate almost entirely. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 32+2B*.
● Grasslands; 100-800 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Liaoning, Shandong, Taiwan, Zhejiang.