天山还阳参Crepis tianshanica Shih
天山还阳参Crepis tianshanica Shih
22.天山还阳参 图版29: 4
Crepis tianshanica Shih in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 33: 190. 1995.
多年生矮小草本，高3-5厘米。根纤细，有少数根芽。茎直立或弯曲，被稠密或稀的柔毛。叶大头羽状或几大头羽状全裂或深裂，全形倒披针形，包括叶柄长2.5-4厘米，宽。5-0.8厘米，基部渐狭或急狭成叶柄，叶柄短于或等于叶片，侧裂片3-4对，椭圆形、三角形、菱形或不规则菱形，顶端急尖、钝或圆形，边缘无锯齿，下方的侧裂片渐小，常呈锯齿状，顶裂片椭圆形、卵形或戟形或箭头形，顶端钝或急尖。全部叶两面及叶柄被稀疏的短柔毛或无毛。头状花序大，植株含2个头状花序，成聚伞状排列。总苞钟状，长达1.2厘米；总苞片4层，外层及最外层短，长椭圆状披针形，长达7毫米，宽1.2毫米，顶端急尖，内层及最内层长，披针形或长椭圆状披针形，长达1.2厘米，宽2. 5毫米，顶端急尖或钝，内面无毛；全部总苞片外面黑色，被白色的蛛丝状薄毛，沿中脉有黑色多细胞长节毛。舌状小花黄色，花冠管外面无毛。瘦果未成熟。冠毛白色。花期7月。
分布新疆（天山北麓大牛河）。生于山坡，海拔2 600米。
根据《苏联植物志》第29卷等有关文献，我国新疆还有一种还阳参，即Crepis darvazica Krasch. in Act. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS. 1. 1: 182. 1933; Babcock in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 22: 426. 1947; Czer. in Fl. URSS 29: 632. 1964.——C. rigida Waldst. et Kit. ν. songorica Kar. et Kir. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 15: 399. 1842.但我们未见到这个种的标本。现将有关这个种的记载抄录如下。暂作存疑。
多年生草本，高20-60厘米。根垂直直伸，木质。茎直立，单生，极少2-4个簇生，上部或极少自中部分枝，下部被白色或近黑色的稠密或稀疏长硬毛或头状具柄的腺毛，上部稀疏的柔毛。基生叶及下部茎叶长椭圆状倒披针形或倒披针形，长5-24厘米，宽2-5厘米，先端钝至急尖，基部收窄成宽翼柄，边缘小锯齿或不等大的凹齿；中部和上部茎叶卵形至长椭圆状披针形，顶端急尖或渐尖，基部无柄，半抱茎，边缘小锯齿或部分边缘全缘；最上部叶最小，苞叶状；全部叶边缘有小刺毛，上面几无毛，下面被稀疏或稠密的弯曲或稍弯曲的硬毛并混杂以柔毛或少量的头状具柄的腺毛。头状花序排成疏松伞房状花序，花序枝或花序梗被白色短柔毛及黑色头状具柄的腺毛。总苞钟状，长8-12毫米，宽6-8毫米；总苞片外面浅灰色，被短柔毛并杂以头状具柄的腺毛，上部边缘有缘毛，内面无毛，外层总苞片不等大，长椭圆状卵形至长椭圆状披针形，顶端急尖或钝，内层总苞片长椭圆状披针形，顶端钝，边缘白色狭膜质。舌状小花黄色，花冠管外面被短柔毛。瘦果纺锤形，长7-10毫米，有16-20条等粗纵肋，肋上有上指的小刺毛。冠毛白色，长6-8毫米。哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦有分布。模式标本采自中亚达尔瓦扎。
形态特征：多年生矮小草本，高3—5厘米。根纤细，有少数根芽。茎直立或弯曲，被稠密或稀的柔毛。叶大头羽状或几大头羽状全裂或深裂，全形倒披针形，包括叶柄长2．5—4厘米，宽o．5一o．8厘米，基部渐狭或急狭成叶柄，叶柄短于或等于叶片，侧裂片3—4对，椭圆形、三角形、菱形或不规则菱形，顶端急尖、钝或圆形，边缘无锯齿，下方的侧裂片渐小，常呈锯齿状，顶裂片椭圆形、卵形或戟形或箭头形，顶端钝或急尖。全部叶两面及叶柄被稀疏的短柔毛或无毛。头状花序大，植株含2个头状花序，成聚伞状排列。总苞钟状，长达1．2厘米；总苞片4层，外层及最外层短，长椭圆状披针形，长达7毫米，宽1．2毫米，顶端急尖，内层及最内层长，披针形或长椭圆状披针形，长达1．2厘米，宽2．5毫米，顶端急尖或钝，内面无毛；全部总苞片外面黑色，被白色的蛛丝状薄毛，沿中脉有黑色多细胞长节毛。舌状小花黄色，花冠管外面无毛。瘦果未成熟。冠毛白色。花期7月。
产地分布：分布新疆(天山北麓大牛河)。生于山坡，海拔2 600米。
参考文献：Crepis tianshanica Shih in Act．Phytotax．Sin．33：190．1995．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Crepis tianshanica C. Shih Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 190. 1995.
天山还阳参 tian shan huan yang shen
Pseudoyoungia tianshanica (C. Shih) D. Maity & Maiti; Tibetoseris tianshanica (C. Shih) Tzvelev.
Herbs 3-5 cm tall, perennial. Stem erect or ascending-erect, pubescent, leafy. Leaves oblanceolate, 2.5-4 × 0.5-0.8 cm, lyrately pinnatipartite to pinnatisect, both faces sparsely pubescent or abaxially glabrous, base attenuate or abruptly narrowed into a petiole-like portion; lateral lobes 3 or 4 pairs, triangular, rhomboid, or irregularly rhomboid, margin entire, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded; terminal lobe elliptic, ovate, hastate, or sagittate, apex obtuse to acute. Capitula 2, terminal. Involucre cylindric to narrowly campanulate, ca. 1.2 cm. Phyllaries dark, abaxially sparsely arachnoid hairy and with blackish multicellular hairs on midvein; outer phyllaries narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, longest more than 1/2 as long as inner ones, apex acute; inner phyllaries adaxially glabrous, apex acute to obtuse. Achene not seen when mature. Pappus white, ca. 4 mm. Fl. Jul.
● Mountain slopes; ca. 2600 m. Xinjiang (Tian Shan).
Crepis tianshanica is an insufficiently known species due to the lack of mature achenes in the single collection known. For the time being, we follow the generic assignment to Crepis by Sennikov (Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 105: 66-69. 2000), rather than to Askellia ("ex affinitate C. flexuosae," C. Shih, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 190. 1995) or Youngia (D. Maity & Maity, Compositae Newslett. 48: 33. 2010, under Pseudoyoungia).Crepis tianshanica is an insufficiently known species due to the lack of mature achenes in the single collection known. For the time being, we follow the generic assignment to Crepis by Sennikov (Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 105: 66-69. 2000), rather than to Askellia ("ex affinitate C. flexuosae," C. Shih, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 190. 1995) or Youngia (D. Maity & Maity, Compositae Newslett. 48: 33. 2010, under Pseudoyoungia).
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：还阳参属 Crepis
22.天山还阳参 图版29: 4
Crepis tianshanica Shih in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 33: 190. 1995.
多年生矮小草本，高3-5厘米。根纤细，有少数根芽。茎直立或弯曲，被稠密或稀的柔毛。叶大头羽状或几大头羽状全裂或深裂，全形倒披针形，包括叶柄长2.5-4厘米，宽。5-0.8厘米，基部渐狭或急狭成叶柄，叶柄短于或等于叶片，侧裂片3-4对，椭圆形、三角形、菱形或不规则菱形，顶端急尖、钝或圆形，边缘无锯齿，下方的侧裂片渐小，常呈锯齿状，顶裂片椭圆形、卵形或戟形或箭头形，顶端钝或急尖。全部叶两面及叶柄被稀疏的短柔毛或无毛。头状花序大，植株含2个头状花序，成聚伞状排列。总苞钟状，长达1.2厘米；总苞片4层，外层及最外层短，长椭圆状披针形，长达7毫米，宽1.2毫米，顶端急尖，内层及最内层长，披针形或长椭圆状披针形，长达1.2厘米，宽2. 5毫米，顶端急尖或钝，内面无毛；全部总苞片外面黑色，被白色的蛛丝状薄毛，沿中脉有黑色多细胞长节毛。舌状小花黄色，花冠管外面无毛。瘦果未成熟。冠毛白色。花期7月。
分布新疆（天山北麓大牛河）。生于山坡，海拔2 600米。
根据《苏联植物志》第29卷等有关文献，我国新疆还有一种还阳参，即Crepis darvazica Krasch. in Act. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS. 1. 1: 182. 1933; Babcock in Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 22: 426. 1947; Czer. in Fl. URSS 29: 632. 1964.——C. rigida Waldst. et Kit. ν. songorica Kar. et Kir. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 15: 399. 1842.但我们未见到这个种的标本。现将有关这个种的记载抄录如下。暂作存疑。
多年生草本，高20-60厘米。根垂直直伸，木质。茎直立，单生，极少2-4个簇生，上部或极少自中部分枝，下部被白色或近黑色的稠密或稀疏长硬毛或头状具柄的腺毛，上部稀疏的柔毛。基生叶及下部茎叶长椭圆状倒披针形或倒披针形，长5-24厘米，宽2-5厘米，先端钝至急尖，基部收窄成宽翼柄，边缘小锯齿或不等大的凹齿；中部和上部茎叶卵形至长椭圆状披针形，顶端急尖或渐尖，基部无柄，半抱茎，边缘小锯齿或部分边缘全缘；最上部叶最小，苞叶状；全部叶边缘有小刺毛，上面几无毛，下面被稀疏或稠密的弯曲或稍弯曲的硬毛并混杂以柔毛或少量的头状具柄的腺毛。头状花序排成疏松伞房状花序，花序枝或花序梗被白色短柔毛及黑色头状具柄的腺毛。总苞钟状，长8-12毫米，宽6-8毫米；总苞片外面浅灰色，被短柔毛并杂以头状具柄的腺毛，上部边缘有缘毛，内面无毛，外层总苞片不等大，长椭圆状卵形至长椭圆状披针形，顶端急尖或钝，内层总苞片长椭圆状披针形，顶端钝，边缘白色狭膜质。舌状小花黄色，花冠管外面被短柔毛。瘦果纺锤形，长7-10毫米，有16-20条等粗纵肋，肋上有上指的小刺毛。冠毛白色，长6-8毫米。哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦有分布。模式标本采自中亚达尔瓦扎。
形态特征：多年生矮小草本，高3—5厘米。根纤细，有少数根芽。茎直立或弯曲，被稠密或稀的柔毛。叶大头羽状或几大头羽状全裂或深裂，全形倒披针形，包括叶柄长2．5—4厘米，宽o．5一o．8厘米，基部渐狭或急狭成叶柄，叶柄短于或等于叶片，侧裂片3—4对，椭圆形、三角形、菱形或不规则菱形，顶端急尖、钝或圆形，边缘无锯齿，下方的侧裂片渐小，常呈锯齿状，顶裂片椭圆形、卵形或戟形或箭头形，顶端钝或急尖。全部叶两面及叶柄被稀疏的短柔毛或无毛。头状花序大，植株含2个头状花序，成聚伞状排列。总苞钟状，长达1．2厘米；总苞片4层，外层及最外层短，长椭圆状披针形，长达7毫米，宽1．2毫米，顶端急尖，内层及最内层长，披针形或长椭圆状披针形，长达1．2厘米，宽2．5毫米，顶端急尖或钝，内面无毛；全部总苞片外面黑色，被白色的蛛丝状薄毛，沿中脉有黑色多细胞长节毛。舌状小花黄色，花冠管外面无毛。瘦果未成熟。冠毛白色。花期7月。
产地分布：分布新疆(天山北麓大牛河)。生于山坡，海拔2 600米。
参考文献：Crepis tianshanica Shih in Act．Phytotax．Sin．33：190．1995．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Crepis tianshanica C. Shih Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 190. 1995.
天山还阳参 tian shan huan yang shen
Pseudoyoungia tianshanica (C. Shih) D. Maity & Maiti; Tibetoseris tianshanica (C. Shih) Tzvelev.
Herbs 3-5 cm tall, perennial. Stem erect or ascending-erect, pubescent, leafy. Leaves oblanceolate, 2.5-4 × 0.5-0.8 cm, lyrately pinnatipartite to pinnatisect, both faces sparsely pubescent or abaxially glabrous, base attenuate or abruptly narrowed into a petiole-like portion; lateral lobes 3 or 4 pairs, triangular, rhomboid, or irregularly rhomboid, margin entire, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded; terminal lobe elliptic, ovate, hastate, or sagittate, apex obtuse to acute. Capitula 2, terminal. Involucre cylindric to narrowly campanulate, ca. 1.2 cm. Phyllaries dark, abaxially sparsely arachnoid hairy and with blackish multicellular hairs on midvein; outer phyllaries narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, longest more than 1/2 as long as inner ones, apex acute; inner phyllaries adaxially glabrous, apex acute to obtuse. Achene not seen when mature. Pappus white, ca. 4 mm. Fl. Jul.
● Mountain slopes; ca. 2600 m. Xinjiang (Tian Shan).
Crepis tianshanica is an insufficiently known species due to the lack of mature achenes in the single collection known. For the time being, we follow the generic assignment to Crepis by Sennikov (Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 105: 66-69. 2000), rather than to Askellia ("ex affinitate C. flexuosae," C. Shih, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 190. 1995) or Youngia (D. Maity & Maity, Compositae Newslett. 48: 33. 2010, under Pseudoyoungia).Crepis tianshanica is an insufficiently known species due to the lack of mature achenes in the single collection known. For the time being, we follow the generic assignment to Crepis by Sennikov (Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 105: 66-69. 2000), rather than to Askellia ("ex affinitate C. flexuosae," C. Shih, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 190. 1995) or Youngia (D. Maity & Maity, Compositae Newslett. 48: 33. 2010, under Pseudoyoungia).