硬叶粉苞菊Chondrilla aspera (Schrad. ex Willd.) Poir.
硬叶粉苞菊Chondrilla aspera (Schrad. ex Willd.) Poir.
2.硬叶粉苞菊 图版3 : 1-2
Chondrilla aspera (Schrad. ex Willd.) Poir. in Encycl. Meth. Suppl. 2: 329. 1811. ——Prenanthes aspera Schrad. ex Willd., Sp. Pl. 3 (3): 1539. 1803, non Michx. 1803.——Ch.stricta Ledeb., Fl. Alt. 4: 146. 1833; DC. Prodr. 7: 142. 1838.——Youngia aspera (Schrad. ex Willd.) Steud., Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2. 2: 393. 1841.
多年生草本，高60-110厘米。茎自基部之上分枝，全部茎枝被灰白色短柔毛，茎下部被稠密的长硬毛，有时全茎及分枝有长刚毛。基生叶莲座状，与最下部茎叶倒向羽裂，革质，全形长椭圆状倒卵形，长6-18厘米，宽约5厘米，被蛛丝状柔毛，下面沿中脉有刚毛；中部与上部茎叶长椭圆状卵形、宽卵形至披针形，长2-10厘米，宽(0.5) 1-3厘米，革质，边缘有稠密的硬毛，下面沿中脉有刚毛，顶端钝，基部几抱茎。头状花序含舌状小花9-12枚，果期长15-18毫米，内层总苞片长12-13毫米，外面被稠密的柔毛，沿中脉有稠密的刚毛。瘦果长3-4毫米，上部有小瘤状或鳞片状突起，果冠冠鳞5枚，披针状线形，狭长，顶端急尖果喙长(1)3-4 (5)毫米，无关节，顶端增粗。冠毛长6-8毫米，白色。花果期8-9月。
分布新疆（阿尔泰）。海拔1 100-1 400米。俄罗斯西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦有分布。模式产地不详。
形态特征：多年生草本，高60一110厘米。茎自基部之上分枝,全部茎枝被灰白色短柔毛，茎下部被稠密的长硬毛，有时全茎及分枝有长刚毛。基生叶莲座状，与最下部茎叶倒向羽裂，革质，全形长椭圆状倒卵形，长6—18厘米，宽约5厘米，被蛛丝状柔毛，下面沿中脉有刚毛；中部与上部茎叶长椭圆状卵形、宽卵形至披针形，长2一lO厘米，宽(0．5)1—3厘米，革质，边缘有稠密的硬毛，下面沿中脉有刚毛，顶端钝，基部几抱茎。头状花序含舌状小花9—12枚，果期长15一18毫米，内层总苞片长12一13毫米。外面被稠密的柔毛，沿中脉有稠密的刚毛。瘦果长3—4毫米，上部有小瘤状或鳞片状突起,果冠冠鳞5枚，披针状线形，狭长，顶端急尖，果喙长(1)3——1(5)毫米，无关节，顶端增粗。冠毛长6—8毫米，白色。花果期8—9月。
产地分布：分布新疆(阿尔泰)。海拔1100—1400米。俄罗斯西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦有分布。模式产地不详。
参考文献：Chondrilla aspera(Schrad．Ex Willd．)Poir．In Encycl．Meth．Suppl．2：329． 1811．——Prenanthes aspera Schrad．Ex Willd．，Sp．P1．3(3)：1539．1803，non Michx． 1803．——Ch．stricta Ledeb．，F1．Alt．4：146．1833；DC．Prodr．7：142．1838．—— Youngia aspera(Schrad．Ex Willd．)Steud．，Nomencl．Bot．Ed．2．2：393．1841．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Chondrilla aspera Poiret Encycl. Suppl. 2: 329. 1811.
硬叶粉苞菊 ying ye fen bao ju
Prenanthes aspera Schrader ex Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 1539. Dec 1803, not Michaux (Mar 1803); Chondrilla stricta Ledebour; Youngia aspera (Poiret) Steudel.
Herbs 60-110 cm tall, perennial, rosulate. Stem erect, branched particularly higher up, basally densely hirsute otherwise grayish white tomentose. Rosette leaves and lower stem leaves narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, 6-18 × to 5 cm, withered at anthesis, runcinately pinnate, leathery, abaxially with arachnoid hairs and with long bristles on veins. Middle and upper stem leaves broadly ovate to lanceolate, base subamplexicaul, margin dentate, smaller than lower stem leaves but otherwise similar. Synflorescence paniculiform. Capitula with usually 9-12 florets. Involucre 1.2-1.4 cm, arachnoid hairy. Phyllaries grayish green; outer phyllaries triangular-ovate, longest ca. 2 mm; inner phyllaries 8, usually ± with bristles on midvein. Achene body 3-4 mm, apically with a corona of 5 unlobed or sometimes to ± 3-lobed erect linear-lanceolate scales to 1 mm, below corona with tubercles and short scales in several rows; beak (1-)3-4(-5) mm, without articulation. Pappus 6-8 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep.
Mountain slopes; 1100-1400 m. Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, SC Russia, Tajikistan].
Chondrilla canescens Karelin & Kirilov, which is distinguished from C. aspera chiefly by 3-lobed corona scales of the achene body (Leonova, Fl. URSS 29: 562-563. 1964), was also treated in FRPS (80(1): 296. 1997) as a species from Xinjiang but was not included by C. H. An (Fl. Xinjiang. 5: 430. 1999). According to Tzvelev (Rast. Tsentral. Azii 14b: 84. 2008) the two are probably conspecific. We follow C. H. An, treating the Chinese plants all as C. aspera.Chondrilla canescens Karelin & Kirilov, which is distinguished from C. aspera chiefly by 3-lobed corona scales of the achene body (Leonova, Fl. URSS 29: 562-563. 1964), was also treated in FRPS (80(1): 296. 1997) as a species from Xinjiang but was not included by C. H. An (Fl. Xinjiang. 5: 430. 1999). According to Tzvelev (Rast. Tsentral. Azii 14b: 84. 2008) the two are probably conspecific. We follow C. H. An, treating the Chinese plants all as C. aspera.
别名：卵叶粉苞苣;糙粉苞苣;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：粉苞菊属 Chondrilla
2.硬叶粉苞菊 图版3 : 1-2
Chondrilla aspera (Schrad. ex Willd.) Poir. in Encycl. Meth. Suppl. 2: 329. 1811. ——Prenanthes aspera Schrad. ex Willd., Sp. Pl. 3 (3): 1539. 1803, non Michx. 1803.——Ch.stricta Ledeb., Fl. Alt. 4: 146. 1833; DC. Prodr. 7: 142. 1838.——Youngia aspera (Schrad. ex Willd.) Steud., Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2. 2: 393. 1841.
多年生草本，高60-110厘米。茎自基部之上分枝，全部茎枝被灰白色短柔毛，茎下部被稠密的长硬毛，有时全茎及分枝有长刚毛。基生叶莲座状，与最下部茎叶倒向羽裂，革质，全形长椭圆状倒卵形，长6-18厘米，宽约5厘米，被蛛丝状柔毛，下面沿中脉有刚毛；中部与上部茎叶长椭圆状卵形、宽卵形至披针形，长2-10厘米，宽(0.5) 1-3厘米，革质，边缘有稠密的硬毛，下面沿中脉有刚毛，顶端钝，基部几抱茎。头状花序含舌状小花9-12枚，果期长15-18毫米，内层总苞片长12-13毫米，外面被稠密的柔毛，沿中脉有稠密的刚毛。瘦果长3-4毫米，上部有小瘤状或鳞片状突起，果冠冠鳞5枚，披针状线形，狭长，顶端急尖果喙长(1)3-4 (5)毫米，无关节，顶端增粗。冠毛长6-8毫米，白色。花果期8-9月。
分布新疆（阿尔泰）。海拔1 100-1 400米。俄罗斯西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦有分布。模式产地不详。
形态特征：多年生草本，高60一110厘米。茎自基部之上分枝,全部茎枝被灰白色短柔毛，茎下部被稠密的长硬毛，有时全茎及分枝有长刚毛。基生叶莲座状，与最下部茎叶倒向羽裂，革质，全形长椭圆状倒卵形，长6—18厘米，宽约5厘米，被蛛丝状柔毛，下面沿中脉有刚毛；中部与上部茎叶长椭圆状卵形、宽卵形至披针形，长2一lO厘米，宽(0．5)1—3厘米，革质，边缘有稠密的硬毛，下面沿中脉有刚毛，顶端钝，基部几抱茎。头状花序含舌状小花9—12枚，果期长15一18毫米，内层总苞片长12一13毫米。外面被稠密的柔毛，沿中脉有稠密的刚毛。瘦果长3—4毫米，上部有小瘤状或鳞片状突起,果冠冠鳞5枚，披针状线形，狭长，顶端急尖，果喙长(1)3——1(5)毫米，无关节，顶端增粗。冠毛长6—8毫米，白色。花果期8—9月。
产地分布：分布新疆(阿尔泰)。海拔1100—1400米。俄罗斯西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦有分布。模式产地不详。
参考文献：Chondrilla aspera(Schrad．Ex Willd．)Poir．In Encycl．Meth．Suppl．2：329． 1811．——Prenanthes aspera Schrad．Ex Willd．，Sp．P1．3(3)：1539．1803，non Michx． 1803．——Ch．stricta Ledeb．，F1．Alt．4：146．1833；DC．Prodr．7：142．1838．—— Youngia aspera(Schrad．Ex Willd．)Steud．，Nomencl．Bot．Ed．2．2：393．1841．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Chondrilla aspera Poiret Encycl. Suppl. 2: 329. 1811.
硬叶粉苞菊 ying ye fen bao ju
Prenanthes aspera Schrader ex Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 1539. Dec 1803, not Michaux (Mar 1803); Chondrilla stricta Ledebour; Youngia aspera (Poiret) Steudel.
Herbs 60-110 cm tall, perennial, rosulate. Stem erect, branched particularly higher up, basally densely hirsute otherwise grayish white tomentose. Rosette leaves and lower stem leaves narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, 6-18 × to 5 cm, withered at anthesis, runcinately pinnate, leathery, abaxially with arachnoid hairs and with long bristles on veins. Middle and upper stem leaves broadly ovate to lanceolate, base subamplexicaul, margin dentate, smaller than lower stem leaves but otherwise similar. Synflorescence paniculiform. Capitula with usually 9-12 florets. Involucre 1.2-1.4 cm, arachnoid hairy. Phyllaries grayish green; outer phyllaries triangular-ovate, longest ca. 2 mm; inner phyllaries 8, usually ± with bristles on midvein. Achene body 3-4 mm, apically with a corona of 5 unlobed or sometimes to ± 3-lobed erect linear-lanceolate scales to 1 mm, below corona with tubercles and short scales in several rows; beak (1-)3-4(-5) mm, without articulation. Pappus 6-8 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep.
Mountain slopes; 1100-1400 m. Xinjiang [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, SC Russia, Tajikistan].
Chondrilla canescens Karelin & Kirilov, which is distinguished from C. aspera chiefly by 3-lobed corona scales of the achene body (Leonova, Fl. URSS 29: 562-563. 1964), was also treated in FRPS (80(1): 296. 1997) as a species from Xinjiang but was not included by C. H. An (Fl. Xinjiang. 5: 430. 1999). According to Tzvelev (Rast. Tsentral. Azii 14b: 84. 2008) the two are probably conspecific. We follow C. H. An, treating the Chinese plants all as C. aspera.Chondrilla canescens Karelin & Kirilov, which is distinguished from C. aspera chiefly by 3-lobed corona scales of the achene body (Leonova, Fl. URSS 29: 562-563. 1964), was also treated in FRPS (80(1): 296. 1997) as a species from Xinjiang but was not included by C. H. An (Fl. Xinjiang. 5: 430. 1999). According to Tzvelev (Rast. Tsentral. Azii 14b: 84. 2008) the two are probably conspecific. We follow C. H. An, treating the Chinese plants all as C. aspera.