琴叶紫菀Aster panduratus Nees ex Walper
琴叶紫菀Aster panduratus Nees ex Walper
9. 琴叶紫菀 福氏紫菀 岗边菊（全国中草药汇编）
Aster panduratus Nees ex Walper, Nov. Act. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1: 258, 1843; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 23: 415, 1888; Dunn. et Tutch. in Kew Bull, add, Ser. 10: 140, 1912; Hand. -Mazz. in Act. Hort Gothob. 12: 220, 1936; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus 18: 296, 1965. ——Aster fordii Hemsl., l. c. 410. 1888; Diels in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 611, 1901; Dunn. et Tutch., l. c. 140, 1912; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sins, 7: 1090, 1936 et Beih. Bot. Centrabl. 16: 468, 1937; 侯宽昭等, 广州植物志551, 1956; 裴鉴等, 江苏南部种子植物手册1753, f, 1211, 1959; S. Y. Hu, l. c. 294, 1965. ——Aster candelabrum Vnt. in Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 12: 468, 1903.——Aster argyi Levl. in Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 24: 14. 1913.
多年生草本；根状茎粗壮。茎直立，高50-100厘米，单生或丛生，细或粗壮，被开展的长粗毛，常有腺，上部有分枝，有较密生的叶。下部叶在花期枯萎或生存，匙状长圆形，长达12厘米，宽达2.5厘米，下部渐狭成长柄；中部叶长圆状匙形，长4-9厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，下部稍狭，但基部扩大成心形或有圆耳，半抱茎，全缘或有疏齿，顶端急尖或钝而有小尖头；上部叶渐小，卵状长圆形，基部心形抱茎，常全缘；全部叶稍厚质，两面被长贴毛和密短毛，有腺，下面沿脉及边缘有长毛；中脉在下面突起，侧脉不显明。头状花序径2-2.5厘米，在枝端单生或疏散伞房状排列；花序梗长0.5-3或达5厘米，有线状披针形或卵形苞叶。总苞半球形，长约5毫米，宽6-8毫米；总苞片3层，长圆披针形，外层草质，长2-3毫米，宽0.7毫米，顶端尖或稍钝，被密短毛及腺，内层上部或中脉草质，长4毫米，宽约1毫米，上部或中脉草质，边缘膜质而无毛。舌状花约30个，管部长1.5毫米；舌片浅紫色，长约8毫米，宽1-2毫米，管状花长约4毫米，管部长1毫米，被密短毛，裂片长达1毫米；花柱附片长0.4毫米。冠毛白色或稍红色，约与管状花花冠等长，有稍不等长的微糙毛。瘦果卵状长圆形，长几达2毫米，基部狭，两面有肋，被柔毛。花期2-9月；果期6-10月。
产于四川西部（合川、南川）和东部、湖北西部（秭归）、湖南（岳麓山、安江、保靖）、贵州、江西（萍乡、武宁、兴国、新建、修水、铝山、宜春、大余、贵溪）、江苏南部（南京、苏州）、浙江（于潜）、福建（永安、连城、沙县）、广东、广西等地。生于山坡灌丛、草地、溪岸、路旁。海拔100-1400米。
与耳叶紫菀 (A. auriculatus Franch.) 稍接近，但总苞常较小，总苞片外层全部草质，被密毛及腺，顶端钝或稍尖。此种有一变型，上部叶全缘，顶端钝或圆形，曾被视为不同的种 (A. fordii Hemsl.)，但与此种不易区别，故以合并为适宜。此种在甘肃的分布 (Mattf. ex Rehd. et Kobusk. Journ. Arn. Arb, 16) 似为错误鉴定。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster panduratus Nees ex Walpers Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 258. 1843.
琴叶紫菀 qin ye zi wan
Aster argyi H. Léveillé; A. candelabrum Vaniot.
Herbs, perennial, 14-100 cm tall, sometimes caespitose, rhizomatous, sometimes with next year 痵 rosette. Stems erect, simple or branched upward, purplish striate, ± densely villous, ± densely minutely long-stipitate glandular. Leaves cauline, gradually reduced upward, abaxially villous to shortly villous (upper leaves), adaxially villous to strigose (upper leaves), veins villous, densely minutely long-stipitate glandular, margin coarsely serrate to serrulate or entire (upper leaves), villous- to strigose-ciliate, midvein prominent abaxially, sometimes somewhat 3-veined, apex obtuse to acute, mucronulate; lowest leaves withered by anthesis, (long) winged petiolate, ovate, base attenuate; lower to upper leaves sessile, ovate or pandurate to lanceolate-pandurate, 1.5-7(-9) × 0.4-1.8(-2.5) cm, base auriculate, clasping; synflorescence leaves oblong-ovate, 1-2.5 × 0.2-0.8 cm. Capitula 3-40, in terminal, laxly corymbiform synflorescences, rarely solitary; peduncles 5-50 mm, villosulous, densely minutely long-stipitate glandular; bracts lanceolate, entire, upper bracts grading into phyllaries. Involucres hemispheric to campanulate, ca. 5 mm; phyllaries 3-seriate, unequal, midvein thin; outer phyllaries linear-lanceolate, 3-3.5 × 0.5-0.7 mm, abaxially glabrous, densely minutely long-stipitate glandular, leaflike, margin not to ± narrowly scarious, ciliate, apex sometimes spreading, acute, sometimes mucronate, sometimes purplish, ciliate, middle and inner phyllaries green distally, base hardened, margin erose, ciliate; middle phyllaries oblanceolate, 3.8-4 × 1-1.3 mm, abaxially densely minutely long-stipitate glandular, margin broadly scarious, ciliate, apex acuminate; inner phyllaries linear-oblong, 4-4.5 × 0.8-1.1 mm, distally densely minutely long-stipitate glandular, scarious. Ray florets 15-25, purple to blue, or white tinged purplish, tube sparsely strigillose, lamina 5-7 × 1.5-2 mm, eglandular; disk florets yellow, 4.5-5 mm, tube and limb base sparsely strigillose, minutely stipitate glandular, limb campanulate, 2.5-3 mm, lobes erect to spreading, narrowly triangular, 1.5-1.7 mm, glabrous, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular. Achenes obovoid, slightly compressed, ca. 1.5 mm, sparsely strigillose, minutely stipitate glandular, 2-ribbed. Pappus 3- or 4-seriate, of few, reddish, slender barbellate bristles; outermost bristles few, ca. 0.5 mm; outer bristles absent or 1, ca. 2 mm; inner bristles 2.5-3 mm, tapering; innermost bristles 4-5 mm, weakly clavate. Fl. Feb-Sep, fr. Jun-Oct.
● Thickets, grasslands on slopes, canal sides, roadsides, field margins; 100-1400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, W Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, W Sichuan, Zhejiang.
别名：福氏紫菀;零叶紫苑;无柄紫菀;岗边菊;萎蔫紫菀;大风草;鱼鳅串;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：紫菀属 Aster
9. 琴叶紫菀 福氏紫菀 岗边菊（全国中草药汇编）
Aster panduratus Nees ex Walper, Nov. Act. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1: 258, 1843; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 23: 415, 1888; Dunn. et Tutch. in Kew Bull, add, Ser. 10: 140, 1912; Hand. -Mazz. in Act. Hort Gothob. 12: 220, 1936; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus 18: 296, 1965. ——Aster fordii Hemsl., l. c. 410. 1888; Diels in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 611, 1901; Dunn. et Tutch., l. c. 140, 1912; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sins, 7: 1090, 1936 et Beih. Bot. Centrabl. 16: 468, 1937; 侯宽昭等, 广州植物志551, 1956; 裴鉴等, 江苏南部种子植物手册1753, f, 1211, 1959; S. Y. Hu, l. c. 294, 1965. ——Aster candelabrum Vnt. in Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 12: 468, 1903.——Aster argyi Levl. in Bull. Acad. Geogr. Bot. 24: 14. 1913.
多年生草本；根状茎粗壮。茎直立，高50-100厘米，单生或丛生，细或粗壮，被开展的长粗毛，常有腺，上部有分枝，有较密生的叶。下部叶在花期枯萎或生存，匙状长圆形，长达12厘米，宽达2.5厘米，下部渐狭成长柄；中部叶长圆状匙形，长4-9厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，下部稍狭，但基部扩大成心形或有圆耳，半抱茎，全缘或有疏齿，顶端急尖或钝而有小尖头；上部叶渐小，卵状长圆形，基部心形抱茎，常全缘；全部叶稍厚质，两面被长贴毛和密短毛，有腺，下面沿脉及边缘有长毛；中脉在下面突起，侧脉不显明。头状花序径2-2.5厘米，在枝端单生或疏散伞房状排列；花序梗长0.5-3或达5厘米，有线状披针形或卵形苞叶。总苞半球形，长约5毫米，宽6-8毫米；总苞片3层，长圆披针形，外层草质，长2-3毫米，宽0.7毫米，顶端尖或稍钝，被密短毛及腺，内层上部或中脉草质，长4毫米，宽约1毫米，上部或中脉草质，边缘膜质而无毛。舌状花约30个，管部长1.5毫米；舌片浅紫色，长约8毫米，宽1-2毫米，管状花长约4毫米，管部长1毫米，被密短毛，裂片长达1毫米；花柱附片长0.4毫米。冠毛白色或稍红色，约与管状花花冠等长，有稍不等长的微糙毛。瘦果卵状长圆形，长几达2毫米，基部狭，两面有肋，被柔毛。花期2-9月；果期6-10月。
产于四川西部（合川、南川）和东部、湖北西部（秭归）、湖南（岳麓山、安江、保靖）、贵州、江西（萍乡、武宁、兴国、新建、修水、铝山、宜春、大余、贵溪）、江苏南部（南京、苏州）、浙江（于潜）、福建（永安、连城、沙县）、广东、广西等地。生于山坡灌丛、草地、溪岸、路旁。海拔100-1400米。
与耳叶紫菀 (A. auriculatus Franch.) 稍接近，但总苞常较小，总苞片外层全部草质，被密毛及腺，顶端钝或稍尖。此种有一变型，上部叶全缘，顶端钝或圆形，曾被视为不同的种 (A. fordii Hemsl.)，但与此种不易区别，故以合并为适宜。此种在甘肃的分布 (Mattf. ex Rehd. et Kobusk. Journ. Arn. Arb, 16) 似为错误鉴定。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster panduratus Nees ex Walpers Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 258. 1843.
琴叶紫菀 qin ye zi wan
Aster argyi H. Léveillé; A. candelabrum Vaniot.
Herbs, perennial, 14-100 cm tall, sometimes caespitose, rhizomatous, sometimes with next year 痵 rosette. Stems erect, simple or branched upward, purplish striate, ± densely villous, ± densely minutely long-stipitate glandular. Leaves cauline, gradually reduced upward, abaxially villous to shortly villous (upper leaves), adaxially villous to strigose (upper leaves), veins villous, densely minutely long-stipitate glandular, margin coarsely serrate to serrulate or entire (upper leaves), villous- to strigose-ciliate, midvein prominent abaxially, sometimes somewhat 3-veined, apex obtuse to acute, mucronulate; lowest leaves withered by anthesis, (long) winged petiolate, ovate, base attenuate; lower to upper leaves sessile, ovate or pandurate to lanceolate-pandurate, 1.5-7(-9) × 0.4-1.8(-2.5) cm, base auriculate, clasping; synflorescence leaves oblong-ovate, 1-2.5 × 0.2-0.8 cm. Capitula 3-40, in terminal, laxly corymbiform synflorescences, rarely solitary; peduncles 5-50 mm, villosulous, densely minutely long-stipitate glandular; bracts lanceolate, entire, upper bracts grading into phyllaries. Involucres hemispheric to campanulate, ca. 5 mm; phyllaries 3-seriate, unequal, midvein thin; outer phyllaries linear-lanceolate, 3-3.5 × 0.5-0.7 mm, abaxially glabrous, densely minutely long-stipitate glandular, leaflike, margin not to ± narrowly scarious, ciliate, apex sometimes spreading, acute, sometimes mucronate, sometimes purplish, ciliate, middle and inner phyllaries green distally, base hardened, margin erose, ciliate; middle phyllaries oblanceolate, 3.8-4 × 1-1.3 mm, abaxially densely minutely long-stipitate glandular, margin broadly scarious, ciliate, apex acuminate; inner phyllaries linear-oblong, 4-4.5 × 0.8-1.1 mm, distally densely minutely long-stipitate glandular, scarious. Ray florets 15-25, purple to blue, or white tinged purplish, tube sparsely strigillose, lamina 5-7 × 1.5-2 mm, eglandular; disk florets yellow, 4.5-5 mm, tube and limb base sparsely strigillose, minutely stipitate glandular, limb campanulate, 2.5-3 mm, lobes erect to spreading, narrowly triangular, 1.5-1.7 mm, glabrous, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular. Achenes obovoid, slightly compressed, ca. 1.5 mm, sparsely strigillose, minutely stipitate glandular, 2-ribbed. Pappus 3- or 4-seriate, of few, reddish, slender barbellate bristles; outermost bristles few, ca. 0.5 mm; outer bristles absent or 1, ca. 2 mm; inner bristles 2.5-3 mm, tapering; innermost bristles 4-5 mm, weakly clavate. Fl. Feb-Sep, fr. Jun-Oct.
● Thickets, grasslands on slopes, canal sides, roadsides, field margins; 100-1400 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, W Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, W Sichuan, Zhejiang.