石生紫菀Aster oreophilus Franch.
石生紫菀Aster oreophilus Franch.
53. 石生紫菀 菊花暗消（云南）野冬菊（昆明）肋痛草（丽江）图版52：1-4
Aster oreophilus Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 10: 378, 1896; Onno in Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 1089, 1936; Hand. -Mazz. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. u. Mus. Berl. -Dahl. 13: 620. 1937 et in Act. Hort. Gothob. 12: 221, 1938; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 19: 297, 1965.——Aster tricapitatus Vnt. in Bull. Ac. Geogr. Bot. 12: 493. 1903. ——Aster vanioti Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. nov. 11: 307. 1912. ——Aster diplostephioides Benth. ssp. yunnanensis Onno var. yunnanensis Onno, Biblioth. Bot. 106: 70. 1932, p. p.——Aster lingulatus auct. non Franch.: Onno, l. c. 106: 71, 1932, p. p. fide Hand. -Mazz.
多年生草本，根状茎横走或斜升，有丛生的茎和莲座状叶丛。茎直立或斜升，高20-60厘米，粗壮，上部或中部以上常有分枝，被开展的长粗毛，基部被枯叶残片，全部有较密的叶。莲座状叶狭匙形，长4-8厘米，宽0.6-1.5厘米，下部渐狭成具翅的长柄，全缘或有小尖头状疏齿或浅齿。茎下部叶在花期生存或枯萎，匙状或线状长圆形，长4-8厘米，宽0.5-1.2稀2厘米，全缘或上部有浅齿，顶端钝或近圆形；中部及上部叶较小，直立，线状或披针状长圆形，基部急狭，半抱茎，全缘，顶端圆形；全部叶质稍厚，两面被密或疏短糙毛，中脉及近基三出脉在下面稍高起。头状花序径2.5-3.5厘米，伞房状排列稀在茎端单生；花序梗（分枝）长2-10厘米或更长，被长密毛。总苞长6-8毫米，径10-12毫米，半球形；总苞片约3层，外层较内层稍短或近等长，匙状长圆形或舌形，外层草质，长5-7毫米，宽约1毫米，被长密毛，顶端圆形，常紫褐色；内层上部草质，被短密毛，下部厚膜质，顶端圆形或稍尖。舌状花约30个或更多，管部长1.5毫米，舌片蓝紫色，长达12毫米，宽达2毫米。管状花长4-5毫米，管部长1.7毫米，裂片长0.7毫米。花柱附片长0.5毫米。冠毛带红色或污白色，长约4毫米，有近等长的微糙毛。瘦果倒卵形，稍扁，长几达2毫米，一面有肋，被密绢毛。花果期8-10月。
产于云南北部及西北部（大理、丽江、宾川、中甸、昆明等）、四川西南部（雷波、普雄、木里、德昌等）。生于高山和亚高山针林下、开旷坡地或山坡路旁。海拔2300-4000米。
此种与舌叶紫菀 (A. lingulatus Franch.) 接近，但总苞片至少外层顶端圆形且较内层稍短，略似异苞紫菀 (A. heterolepis Hand. -Mazz.) 和东俄洛紫菀 (A. tongolensis Franch.)。但这后2种的冠毛显然与本种有别。此种多变异，有一个生栎林和杂木林中的变型 (f. umbrosus Ling f. nov.)，中部和下部叶较宽，全缘或有粗锯齿，顶端较尖，上部叶有时开展，头状花序径约5厘米，总苞也较大。产于云南西北部（鹤庆、宾川）。另一总苞片极不等长的变型 (f. inaequisquamus Ling f. nov.)，总苞片外层长仅内层的二分之一，叶也较大，产于云南北部（昆明）。此种药用花、止痛、消炎。
形态特征：多年生草本，根状茎横走或斜升，有丛生的茎和莲座状叶丛。茎直立或斜升，高20一60厘米，粗状，上部或中部以上常有分枝，被开展的长粗毛，基部被枯叶残片，全部有较密的叶。莲座状叶狭匙形，长4—8厘米，宽0．6—1．5厘米，下部渐狭成具翅的长柄，全缘或有小尖头状疏齿或浅齿。茎下部叶在花期生存或枯萎，匙状或线状长圆形，长4—8厘米，宽o．5—1.2稀2厘米，全缘或上部有浅齿，顶端钝或近圆形；中部及上部叶较小，直立，线状或披针状长圆形，基部急狭，半抱茎，全缘，顶端圆形；全部叶质稍厚，两面被密或疏短糙毛，中脉及近基三出脉在下面稍高起。头状花序径2．5—3．5厘米，伞房状排列稀在茎端单生；花序梗(分枝)长2—10厘米或更长，被长密毛。总苞长6—8毫米，径10—12毫米，半球形；总苞片约3层，外层较内层稍短或近等长，匙状长圆形或舌形，外层草质，长5—7毫米，宽约1毫米，被长密毛，顶端圆形，常紫褐色；内层上部草质，被短密毛，下部厚膜质，顶端圆形或稍尖。舌状花约30个或更多，管部长1．5毫米，舌片蓝紫色，长达12毫米，宽达2毫米。管状花长4—5毫米，管部长1．7毫米，裂片长0．7毫米。花柱附片长o．5毫米。冠毛带红色或污白色，长约4毫米，有近等长的微糙毛。瘦果倒卵形，稍扁，长几达2毫米，一面有肋，被密绢毛。花果期8—10月。
产地分布：产于云南北部及西北部(大理、丽江、宾川、中甸、昆明等)、四川西南部(雷波、普雄、木里、德昌等)。生于高山和亚高山针林下、开旷坡地或山坡路旁。海拔2300—4000米。
本种提示：此种与舌叶紫菀(A．1ingulatusFranch．)接近，但总苞片至少外层顶端圆形且较内层稍短，略似异苞紫菀(A。HeterolepisHand．-Mazz．)和东俄洛紫菀(A．Tongo·lensisFranch．)。但这后2种的冠毛显然与本种有别。此种多变异，有一个生栎林和杂木林中的变型(f．UmbrosusLingf．Nov．)，中部和下部叶较宽，全缘或有粗锯齿，顶端较尖，上部叶有时开展，头状花序径约5厘米，总苞也较大。产于云南西北部(鹤庆、宾川)。另—总苞片极不等长的变型(f．InaequisquamusLingf．Nov．)，总苞片外层长仅内层的二分之一，叶也较大，产于云南北部(昆明)。此种药用花、止痛、消炎。
参考文献：AsteroreophilusFranch．InJourn．DeBot．10：378，1896；OnnoinHand．。．Mazz·，Symb。Sin．7：1089，1936；Hand．·Mazz．InNotizbl。Bot．Gart．U．Mus．Berl．·Dahl。13：620。1937etinAct．Hort．Gothob．12：22]．，1938；S．Y．HuinQuart．Journ．TaiwanMus．?9：297，1966．——AstertricapitatusVnt．InBull．Ac．G~ogr。Bot．12：493．1903．——-AstervaniotiL6v1．InFedde，Repert．Sp·nov，11：307．1912．——AsterdiplostephioideSBenth．Ssp·yunnanensisOnnovar·yunnanensisOnno，Biblioth．Bot．106：70．1932，p·p·——一Asterlingulatusauct，nonFranch·：Onno，1．C．106：71，1932，p·p·fideHand．·Mazz．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster oreophilus Franchet J. Bot. (Morot). 10: 378. 1896.
石生紫菀 shi sheng zi wan
Aster tricapitatus Vaniot; A. vaniotii H. Léveillé.
Herbs, perennial, 20-60 cm, caespitose; rhizomes procumbent or ascending; new rosettes sometimes present. Stems erect or ascending, simple, leafy, moderately to densely strigose and villosulous. Leaves basal and cauline; cauline leaves gradually reduced upward, sparsely to densely hispidulous, eglandular or sometimes sparsely minutely stipitate glandular, 3-veined, main veins abaxially prominent; basal leaves withered by anthesis, long winged petiolate, narrowly spatulate to obovate or oblanceolate, 2.5-8 × 0.5-1.5 cm, base attenuate, margin shallowly serrate distally, apex rounded or obtuse to acute; lower cauline leaves often marcescent, winged petiolate; blade lanceolate, base attenuate; middle and upper leaves erect; blade oblong to lanceolate, base attenuate, subclasping, margin serrate distally or entire, apex rounded to obtuse, mucronulate. Capitula 2-30 in terminal corymbiform synflorescences, sometimes terminal, solitary, 2.5-3.5 cm in diam.; peduncles 2-10 cm or more, densely strigillose and villosulous, sparsely to moderately minutely stipitate glandular; bracts linear-oblong or linear-lanceolate. Involucres hemispheric, 0.6-0.7(-0.8) × 1-1.2 cm; phyllaries 3-seriate, subequal, abaxially moderately strigillose, sparsely to moderately minutely stipitate glandular proximally; outer phyllaries oblanceolate, sometimes spatulate, 5-7 × 1.3-2 mm, leaflike, margin narrowly scarious, ciliate, midvein brownish, translucent, apex rounded or acute, sometimes purplish; inner phyllaries lanceolate, leaflike distally, purplish distally, margin ciliate, apex obtuse or acute. Ray florets 21-34, blue-purple to pink or pinkish white, tube glabrous, lamina 11-17 × 1-2 mm, glabrous, eglandular; disk florets yellow, 4-5 mm, tube ca. 1.7 mm, limb funnelform, 3-3.5 mm, glabrous, minutely stipitate glandular proximally, lobes spreading, triangular, equal, 0.7-1 mm. Achenes broadly obovoid, compressed, ca. 2 mm, densely strigillose, eglandular, margin 2-ribbed, densely strigillose-ciliate. Pappus 4-seriate, dirty white, barbellate throughout, sometimes outermost bristles few, slender, 0.5-0.7 mm; outer bristles few, slender, 2-3 mm; inner bristles 3.5-4 mm, acute; innermost bristles 4-4.5 mm, weakly clavate. Fl. and fr. Aug-Oct.
● Alpine and subalpine forest margins, grasslands, pastures, open slopes, roadsides; 2000-4000 m. SW Sichuan, Xizang, N and NW Yunnan.
The flowering capitula of Aster oreophilus are used medicinally to alleviate pain and as an antiphlogistic.The flowering capitula of Aster oreophilus are used medicinally to alleviate pain and as an antiphlogistic.
别名：菊花暗消;灯盏花;肋痛草;城头菊;野冬菊;小毛花;狗屎叶;乱头发;毛脚一支蒿;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：紫菀属 Aster
53. 石生紫菀 菊花暗消（云南）野冬菊（昆明）肋痛草（丽江）图版52：1-4
Aster oreophilus Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 10: 378, 1896; Onno in Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 1089, 1936; Hand. -Mazz. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. u. Mus. Berl. -Dahl. 13: 620. 1937 et in Act. Hort. Gothob. 12: 221, 1938; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 19: 297, 1965.——Aster tricapitatus Vnt. in Bull. Ac. Geogr. Bot. 12: 493. 1903. ——Aster vanioti Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. nov. 11: 307. 1912. ——Aster diplostephioides Benth. ssp. yunnanensis Onno var. yunnanensis Onno, Biblioth. Bot. 106: 70. 1932, p. p.——Aster lingulatus auct. non Franch.: Onno, l. c. 106: 71, 1932, p. p. fide Hand. -Mazz.
多年生草本，根状茎横走或斜升，有丛生的茎和莲座状叶丛。茎直立或斜升，高20-60厘米，粗壮，上部或中部以上常有分枝，被开展的长粗毛，基部被枯叶残片，全部有较密的叶。莲座状叶狭匙形，长4-8厘米，宽0.6-1.5厘米，下部渐狭成具翅的长柄，全缘或有小尖头状疏齿或浅齿。茎下部叶在花期生存或枯萎，匙状或线状长圆形，长4-8厘米，宽0.5-1.2稀2厘米，全缘或上部有浅齿，顶端钝或近圆形；中部及上部叶较小，直立，线状或披针状长圆形，基部急狭，半抱茎，全缘，顶端圆形；全部叶质稍厚，两面被密或疏短糙毛，中脉及近基三出脉在下面稍高起。头状花序径2.5-3.5厘米，伞房状排列稀在茎端单生；花序梗（分枝）长2-10厘米或更长，被长密毛。总苞长6-8毫米，径10-12毫米，半球形；总苞片约3层，外层较内层稍短或近等长，匙状长圆形或舌形，外层草质，长5-7毫米，宽约1毫米，被长密毛，顶端圆形，常紫褐色；内层上部草质，被短密毛，下部厚膜质，顶端圆形或稍尖。舌状花约30个或更多，管部长1.5毫米，舌片蓝紫色，长达12毫米，宽达2毫米。管状花长4-5毫米，管部长1.7毫米，裂片长0.7毫米。花柱附片长0.5毫米。冠毛带红色或污白色，长约4毫米，有近等长的微糙毛。瘦果倒卵形，稍扁，长几达2毫米，一面有肋，被密绢毛。花果期8-10月。
产于云南北部及西北部（大理、丽江、宾川、中甸、昆明等）、四川西南部（雷波、普雄、木里、德昌等）。生于高山和亚高山针林下、开旷坡地或山坡路旁。海拔2300-4000米。
此种与舌叶紫菀 (A. lingulatus Franch.) 接近，但总苞片至少外层顶端圆形且较内层稍短，略似异苞紫菀 (A. heterolepis Hand. -Mazz.) 和东俄洛紫菀 (A. tongolensis Franch.)。但这后2种的冠毛显然与本种有别。此种多变异，有一个生栎林和杂木林中的变型 (f. umbrosus Ling f. nov.)，中部和下部叶较宽，全缘或有粗锯齿，顶端较尖，上部叶有时开展，头状花序径约5厘米，总苞也较大。产于云南西北部（鹤庆、宾川）。另一总苞片极不等长的变型 (f. inaequisquamus Ling f. nov.)，总苞片外层长仅内层的二分之一，叶也较大，产于云南北部（昆明）。此种药用花、止痛、消炎。
形态特征：多年生草本，根状茎横走或斜升，有丛生的茎和莲座状叶丛。茎直立或斜升，高20一60厘米，粗状，上部或中部以上常有分枝，被开展的长粗毛，基部被枯叶残片，全部有较密的叶。莲座状叶狭匙形，长4—8厘米，宽0．6—1．5厘米，下部渐狭成具翅的长柄，全缘或有小尖头状疏齿或浅齿。茎下部叶在花期生存或枯萎，匙状或线状长圆形，长4—8厘米，宽o．5—1.2稀2厘米，全缘或上部有浅齿，顶端钝或近圆形；中部及上部叶较小，直立，线状或披针状长圆形，基部急狭，半抱茎，全缘，顶端圆形；全部叶质稍厚，两面被密或疏短糙毛，中脉及近基三出脉在下面稍高起。头状花序径2．5—3．5厘米，伞房状排列稀在茎端单生；花序梗(分枝)长2—10厘米或更长，被长密毛。总苞长6—8毫米，径10—12毫米，半球形；总苞片约3层，外层较内层稍短或近等长，匙状长圆形或舌形，外层草质，长5—7毫米，宽约1毫米，被长密毛，顶端圆形，常紫褐色；内层上部草质，被短密毛，下部厚膜质，顶端圆形或稍尖。舌状花约30个或更多，管部长1．5毫米，舌片蓝紫色，长达12毫米，宽达2毫米。管状花长4—5毫米，管部长1．7毫米，裂片长0．7毫米。花柱附片长o．5毫米。冠毛带红色或污白色，长约4毫米，有近等长的微糙毛。瘦果倒卵形，稍扁，长几达2毫米，一面有肋，被密绢毛。花果期8—10月。
产地分布：产于云南北部及西北部(大理、丽江、宾川、中甸、昆明等)、四川西南部(雷波、普雄、木里、德昌等)。生于高山和亚高山针林下、开旷坡地或山坡路旁。海拔2300—4000米。
本种提示：此种与舌叶紫菀(A．1ingulatusFranch．)接近，但总苞片至少外层顶端圆形且较内层稍短，略似异苞紫菀(A。HeterolepisHand．-Mazz．)和东俄洛紫菀(A．Tongo·lensisFranch．)。但这后2种的冠毛显然与本种有别。此种多变异，有一个生栎林和杂木林中的变型(f．UmbrosusLingf．Nov．)，中部和下部叶较宽，全缘或有粗锯齿，顶端较尖，上部叶有时开展，头状花序径约5厘米，总苞也较大。产于云南西北部(鹤庆、宾川)。另—总苞片极不等长的变型(f．InaequisquamusLingf．Nov．)，总苞片外层长仅内层的二分之一，叶也较大，产于云南北部(昆明)。此种药用花、止痛、消炎。
参考文献：AsteroreophilusFranch．InJourn．DeBot．10：378，1896；OnnoinHand．。．Mazz·，Symb。Sin．7：1089，1936；Hand．·Mazz．InNotizbl。Bot．Gart．U．Mus．Berl．·Dahl。13：620。1937etinAct．Hort．Gothob．12：22]．，1938；S．Y．HuinQuart．Journ．TaiwanMus．?9：297，1966．——AstertricapitatusVnt．InBull．Ac．G~ogr。Bot．12：493．1903．——-AstervaniotiL6v1．InFedde，Repert．Sp·nov，11：307．1912．——AsterdiplostephioideSBenth．Ssp·yunnanensisOnnovar·yunnanensisOnno，Biblioth．Bot．106：70．1932，p·p·——一Asterlingulatusauct，nonFranch·：Onno，1．C．106：71，1932，p·p·fideHand．·Mazz．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster oreophilus Franchet J. Bot. (Morot). 10: 378. 1896.
石生紫菀 shi sheng zi wan
Aster tricapitatus Vaniot; A. vaniotii H. Léveillé.
Herbs, perennial, 20-60 cm, caespitose; rhizomes procumbent or ascending; new rosettes sometimes present. Stems erect or ascending, simple, leafy, moderately to densely strigose and villosulous. Leaves basal and cauline; cauline leaves gradually reduced upward, sparsely to densely hispidulous, eglandular or sometimes sparsely minutely stipitate glandular, 3-veined, main veins abaxially prominent; basal leaves withered by anthesis, long winged petiolate, narrowly spatulate to obovate or oblanceolate, 2.5-8 × 0.5-1.5 cm, base attenuate, margin shallowly serrate distally, apex rounded or obtuse to acute; lower cauline leaves often marcescent, winged petiolate; blade lanceolate, base attenuate; middle and upper leaves erect; blade oblong to lanceolate, base attenuate, subclasping, margin serrate distally or entire, apex rounded to obtuse, mucronulate. Capitula 2-30 in terminal corymbiform synflorescences, sometimes terminal, solitary, 2.5-3.5 cm in diam.; peduncles 2-10 cm or more, densely strigillose and villosulous, sparsely to moderately minutely stipitate glandular; bracts linear-oblong or linear-lanceolate. Involucres hemispheric, 0.6-0.7(-0.8) × 1-1.2 cm; phyllaries 3-seriate, subequal, abaxially moderately strigillose, sparsely to moderately minutely stipitate glandular proximally; outer phyllaries oblanceolate, sometimes spatulate, 5-7 × 1.3-2 mm, leaflike, margin narrowly scarious, ciliate, midvein brownish, translucent, apex rounded or acute, sometimes purplish; inner phyllaries lanceolate, leaflike distally, purplish distally, margin ciliate, apex obtuse or acute. Ray florets 21-34, blue-purple to pink or pinkish white, tube glabrous, lamina 11-17 × 1-2 mm, glabrous, eglandular; disk florets yellow, 4-5 mm, tube ca. 1.7 mm, limb funnelform, 3-3.5 mm, glabrous, minutely stipitate glandular proximally, lobes spreading, triangular, equal, 0.7-1 mm. Achenes broadly obovoid, compressed, ca. 2 mm, densely strigillose, eglandular, margin 2-ribbed, densely strigillose-ciliate. Pappus 4-seriate, dirty white, barbellate throughout, sometimes outermost bristles few, slender, 0.5-0.7 mm; outer bristles few, slender, 2-3 mm; inner bristles 3.5-4 mm, acute; innermost bristles 4-4.5 mm, weakly clavate. Fl. and fr. Aug-Oct.
● Alpine and subalpine forest margins, grasslands, pastures, open slopes, roadsides; 2000-4000 m. SW Sichuan, Xizang, N and NW Yunnan.
The flowering capitula of Aster oreophilus are used medicinally to alleviate pain and as an antiphlogistic.The flowering capitula of Aster oreophilus are used medicinally to alleviate pain and as an antiphlogistic.