栏目

亮叶紫菀Aster nitidus Chang

亮叶紫菀Aster nitidus Chang

别名:亮叶紫苑;

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:紫菀属 Aster

《中国植物志》第74卷179页
  35. 亮叶紫菀 图版47:8-12
  Aster nitidus Chang in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Bot. 6: 47. 1935; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 295. 1965.
  灌木,多分枝,弯垂或倾斜,长50-120厘米,有棱及沟,有凸起的叶痕和腋芽;二年或三年枝紫褐色或锈色,无毛;当年枝通常长不超过10厘米,黄褐色或紫色,被疏毛,上部错杂的密毛,枝下部有较密的叶。叶卵圆至椭圆状披针形,长2.5-4.5厘米,稀达7厘米,宽0.5-1.5厘米,顶端尖或有小尖头,全缘或近全缘,基部急狭成长1.5-3毫米的柄;上部叶渐小,披针形或线状披针形,渐细尖;全部叶近革质,两面有光泽,无毛,但边缘及沿脉有微糙毛,离基三出脉在下面稍凸起,网脉显明。头状花序径2.5-3厘米,3-6个在枝端排列成伞房状;花序梗细,长2.5-4厘米,有线形苞叶。总苞宽倒锥形,长6-7毫米,径7-8毫米;总苞片约3层,外层长4-5毫米,宽0.5毫米,内2层近等长,长6毫米,宽1.5毫米,各层全缘或上部撕裂,有绿色中脉,边缘宽膜质。舌状花约30个,管部长2-2.5毫米,被疏短毛;舌片紫色,长13毫米,宽1-1.8毫米。管状花黄色,长5毫米,管部长2毫米,有短毛,裂片长1.5毫米;花柱附片长0.7毫米。冠毛污白色,较管状花稍短,有微糙毛,另有外层极短的毛。瘦果长圆形,稍扁,长约2毫米,基部稍狭,被短疏毛。花期4-5月。
  产于四川南部(南川)。生低山林下。海拔550-1100米。
  此种有近革质而具光泽的叶,狭长而边缘宽膜质的总苞片,冠毛2层而外层极短,在木本的种中极为特殊。茎细,依附于他物上,但当年枝直立或斜升。
形态特征:灌木,多分枝,弯垂或倾斜,长50一120厘米,有棱及沟,有凸起的叶痕和腋芽;二年或三年枝紫褐色或锈色,无毛;当年枝通常长不超过10厘米,黄褐色或紫色,被疏毛,上部被错杂的密毛,枝下部有较密的叶。叶卵圆至椭圆状披针形,长2.5—4.5厘米,稀达7厘米,宽0.5—1.5厘米,顶端尖或有小尖头,全缘或近全缘,基部急狭成长1.5—3毫米的柄;上部叶渐小,披针形或线状披针形,渐细尖;全部叶近革质,两面有光泽,无毛,但边缘及沿脉有微糙毛,离基三出脉在下面稍凸起,网脉显明。头状花序径2.5—3厘米,3—6个在枝端排列成伞房状;花序梗细,长2.5—4厘米,有线形苞叶。总苞宽倒锥形,长6—7毫米,径7—8毫米;总苞片约3层,外层长4—5毫米,宽0.5毫米,内2层近等长,长6毫米,宽1.5毫米,各层全缘或上部撕裂,有绿色中脉,边缘宽膜质。舌状花约30个,管部长2—2.5毫米,被疏短毛;舌片紫色,长13毫米,宽1一1.8毫米。管状花黄色,长5毫米,管部长2毫米,有短毛,裂片长1.5毫米;花柱附片长o.7毫米。冠毛污白色,较管状花稍短,有微糙毛,另有外层极短的毛。瘦果长圆形,稍扁,长约2毫米,基部稍狭,被短疏毛。花期4—5月。
产地分布:产于四川南部(南川)。生低山林下。海拔550—1100米。
本种提示:此种有近革质而具光泽的叶,狭长而边缘宽膜质的总苞片,冠毛2层而外层极短,在木本的种中极为特殊。茎细,依附于他物上,但当年枝直立或斜升。
参考文献:AsternifiduschanginBull.FanMem.Inst.Bot.6:47.1935;S.Y.HuinQuart.Journ.TaiwanMus.18:295.1965.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster nitidus  C. C. Chang Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 6: 47. 1935.
亮叶紫菀   liang ye zi wan
Shrubs, 50-150 cm tall. Stems many branched; old branches ascending, bark reddish- to gray-brown, branched, striate; second- and third-year branches purple-brown or ferruginous, leaf scars and axillary buds prominent; current-year branches densely leafy, reddish, moderately strigose. Leaves gradually smaller distally, shortly petiolate (petiole 1.5-3 mm); blade dark green, shiny (more so adaxially), ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, 2.5-7 × 0.5-1.6 cm, subleathery, glabrous except adaxial veins hispidulous proximally, midvein abaxially prominent, triplinerved, base cuneate, margin revolute, entire, strigose-ciliate, apex acute, mucronulate. Capitula at ends of second-year axillary branches, 3-10 in corymbiform synflorescences, 2.5-3 cm in diam.; peduncles slender, 2.5-4 cm, with small basal leaves and scattered, linear bracts, strigose (dark crosswalls), distally denser. Involucres campanulate, 6-7 × 7-8 mm; phyllaries 3-seriate, unequal, linear-lanceolate, midvein distally not swollen, translucent, apex acuminate; outer phyllaries 4-5 × ca. 0.5 mm, distally green, sparsely hairy proximally, margin narrowly scarious; inner phyllaries subequal, 5-6 × ca. 1 mm, margin scarious, erose, distally green, sometimes tips purplish, midvein translucent, dark bordered. Ray florets 23-30, purple, tube sparsely hairy, lamina ca. 13 × 1-2 mm, glabrous, eglandular; disk florets yellow, 5-6 mm, tube apex and proximal limb sparsely hairy, limb narrowly campanulate, 3.5-4 mm, proximally hairy, eglandular, lobes spreading to recurved, triangular, ca. 1.5 mm. Achenes obovoid, 2-3 mm, sparsely strigillose, darkly 4-veined. Pappus 3-seriate, dirty white; outer slender bristles 0.5-1 mm; inner bristles unequal, 3.5-4 mm, acute or sometimes innermost ± clavate. Fl. Feb-May.
● Forests on hills, streamside rocks; 500-1100 m. Guizhou, Sichuan.

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