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莽山紫菀Aster mangshanensis Ling

莽山紫菀Aster mangshanensis Ling

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:紫菀属 Aster

《中国植物志》第74卷148页
  11. 莽山紫菀 图版41:1-4
  Aster mangshanensis Ling in Addenda 355.
  多年生草本,根状茎稍粗壮。茎直立,高25厘米或更高,稍细,有浅沟,被上曲的短粗毛,下部有较密的叶。下部叶在花期枯落;中部叶长圆形或倒卵状长圆形,长2.2-2.5厘米,宽0.8-1.1厘米,全缘,顶端圆形,常有小尖头,基部圆形,无柄或急狭成短柄(不超过2毫米);上部叶卵圆形,长0.8-1厘米,宽0.4-0.6厘米,全部叶上面密生短糙毛,下面被疏短毛,常稍有腺点;中脉在下面几不高起,侧脉3-4对,木显明。头状花序径约1.5厘米,在茎和枝端排列成圆锥伞房状;花序梗长1-3厘米,苞叶近匙形且渐转变为总苞片。总苞半球形(宽倒锥形),长4-5毫米,径达7毫米;总苞片3层,覆瓦状排列,近等长,匙状长圆形,外层长达4毫米,宽1-1.5毫米,全部或上部草质,上部反折,顶端钝,内层长4-4.5毫米,宽约1毫米,顶端稍尖,各层外面及反折部分内面被密毛和腺点,边缘膜质,有长缘毛。舌状花约15个,管部长1毫米,舌片白色,长6-7毫米,宽1.5-1.8毫米。管状花花冠长4毫米,管部长1.5毫米,裂片长达1毫米。花柱附片长0.4毫米。冠毛带红色,与管状花花冠等长。子房长圆形,长2.2毫米,上部有毛。
  产于湖南南部(宜章、莽山)。
  此种的叶和总苞片的形状特殊,极易与其他种区别。
形态特征:多年生草本,根状茎稍粗壮。茎直立,高25厘米或更高,稍细,有浅沟,被上曲的短粗毛,下部有较密的叶。下部叶在花期枯落;中部叶长圆形或倒卵状长圆形,长2.2—2.5厘米,宽0.8—1.1厘米,全缘,顶端圆形,常有小尖头,基部圆形,无柄或急狭成短柄(不超过2毫米),上部叶卵圆形,长0.8—1厘米,宽0.4—0.6厘米,全部叶上面密生短糙毛,下面被疏短毛,常稍有腺点;中脉在下面几不高起,侧脉3—4对,不显明。头状花序径约1.5厘米,在茎和枝端排列成圆锥伞房状;花序梗长1—3厘米,苞叶近匙形且渐转变为总苞片。总苞半球形(宽倒锥形),长4—5毫米,径达7毫米;总苞片3层,覆瓦状排列,近等长,匙状长圆形,外层长达4毫米,宽1—1.5毫米,全部或上部草质,上部反折,顶端钝,内层长4—4.5毫米,宽约1毫米,顶端稍尖,各层外面及反折部分内面被密毛和腺点,边缘膜质,有长缘毛。舌状花约15个,管部长1毫米,舌片白色,长6—7毫米,宽1.5—1.8毫米。管状花花冠长4毫米,管部长1.5毫米,裂片长达1毫米。花柱附片长o.4毫米。冠毛带红色,与管状花花冠等长。子房长圆形,长2.2毫米,上部有毛。
产地分布:产于湖南南部(宜章、莽山)。
本种提示:此种的叶和总苞片的形状特殊,极易与其他种区别。
参考文献:Aster mangshanensis Ling in Addenda 355.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster mangshanensis  Y. Ling Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 74: 355. 1985.
莽山紫菀   mang shan zi wan
Herbs, perennial, 17-30 cm tall; rhizomes ± robust. Stems erect, ± densely yellowish strigose, more so upward, stipitate glandular on peduncles. Leaves moderately to densely strigose, ± with dense sessile glands, adaxially densely strigose, abaxially midvein slightly prominent, lateral veins 3- or 4-paired, obscure; lower leaves withered by anthesis; middle leaves sessile or shortly petiolate (petiole less than ca. 2 mm); blade oblong to obovate-oblong, 2.2-2.5 × 0.3-1.1 cm, base cuneate to rounded, margin entire, revolute, scabrous-ciliate, apex obtuse to rounded; upper leaves gradually reduced, 0.8-1 × 0.4-0.6 cm. Capitula in paniculate-corymbiform synflorescence, ca. 1.5 cm in diam.; peduncles 1-3 cm; bracts oblanceolate. Involucres hemispheric (broadly obconic), 4-5 × ca. 7 mm; phyllaries 3-seriate, subequal, obovate-oblong, abaxially strigose, with sessile glands, margin strigose- to ± villous-ciliate; outer phyllaries reflexed, ca. 4 × 1-1.5 mm, leaflike or distally leaflike, apex obtuse to acute; inner phyllaries 4-4.5 × ca. 1 mm, acute, margin scarious, erose, ciliate. Ray florets 14-16, white, tube 1-1.3 mm, lamina 6-7 × 1.5-1.8 mm; disk florets 4-4.2 mm, tube 1.1-1.5 mm, upper tube and limb base hairy, limb campanulate, lobes lanceolate, ca. 0.7 mm, recurved, glandular. Achenes greenish, oblanceolate, slightly compressed, slightly trigonous, 1.9-2.3 mm, sparsely strigillose, with sparse sessile glands, pale 3-ribbed. Pappus 3-seriate, orangish; outer bristles ca. 0.4 mm; inner bristles ca. 5.6 mm; innermost bristles ca. 7.2 mm, barely clavate.
● S Hunan (Yizhang: Mang Shan).

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