丽江紫菀Aster likiangensis Franch.
丽江紫菀Aster likiangensis Franch.
80. 丽江紫菀 肥儿草（丽江土名）图版60：4-6
Aster likiangensis Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 10: 370. 1896; Hand. -Mazz. in Notizbl Bot. Gart. u. Mus. Berl. -Dahl. 13: 626, 1937 et in Act. Hort. Gothob. 12: 223. 1938: S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 292. 1965. ——Aster likiangensis Franch. ssp. typicus Onno, Biblioth, Bot. 106: 72. 1932. ——Aster costei levl. in Bull. Ar. Geogr. Bot. 24: 14. 1915.——Aster asteroides (DC.) O. Ktze. ssp. costei (Levl.) Griers. in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 26: 136. 1964.
多年生草本，根状茎短，上端粗壮，有数个簇生的莱菔状向下渐细的块根。茎直立，高3-35厘米，纤细，单生或与莲座状叶丛丛生，常紫色，被开展的长毛和紫色腺毛，中部以上常无叶。基部叶密集，在花期生存，倒卵圆形，菱形或长圆形，基部急或渐狭成长或短柄，长1.5-7厘米，宽0.5-1.7厘米，近全缘，顶端急尖或圆形；中部叶卵圆形或线状披针形，无柄；全部叶上面被密或密的或近边缘较密的长毛，下面被密毛或仅沿脉被疏毛，有或稀无缘毛，有离基三出脉及2-3对侧脉。头状花序在茎端单生，径2.5-5厘米。总苞半球状，径1-2厘米；总苞片2-3层，近等长，披针形，长8-10毫米，宽2-3毫米，顶端急尖或渐尖，草质，紫绿色，背面及边缘有紫褐色腺毛，基部有长密毛。舌状花约30-50个，蓝紫色，稀浅红色；舌片长15-20毫米，宽2-3毫米，顶端尖，常有2齿；管状花长几达5毫米，上部紫褐色，有短腺毛或近无毛；管部长1-1.5毫米；裂片长1.5毫米；花柱附片0.5毫米。冠毛2层，外层短膜片状，白色；内层长4-5毫米，有白色或污白色微糙毛。瘦果长圆形，长达3毫米，被白色疏毛或绢毛。花果期6-8月。
产于云南西北部（丽江、中甸、德钦等）、四川西南部（凉山、木里、九龙、雷波）及西藏东南部。生于高山草甸、开旷坡地、河谷、及泥炭沼泽地。海拔3500-4500米。在不丹也有分布。模式采于云南。
此种与星舌紫菀 (Aster asteroides (DC.) O. Ktze.) 显然接近，曾被视为该种的亚种，但头状花序及总苞常较大，总苞片较宽，管状花上部紫褐色，有或无短腺毛，冠毛浅红褐色或污白色。有一变型 f. polianthus Ling, f. nov. 管状花花冠裂片被白色长节毛，产于西藏东部（波密）。生于高山草甸上，海拔4200米。全草治小儿疳积，牙痛。
形态特征：多年生草本，根状茎短，上端粗壮，有数个簇生的莱菔状向下渐细的块根。茎直立，高3—35厘米，纤细，单生或与莲座状叶丛丛生，常紫色，被开展的长毛和紫色腺毛，中部以上常无叶。基部叶密集，在花期生存，倒卵圆形，菱形或长圆形，基部急或渐狭成长或短柄，长1．5—7厘米，宽0．5—1．7厘米，近全缘，顶端急尖或圆形；中部叶卵圆形或线状披针形，无柄；全部叶上面被密或密的或近边缘较密的长毛，下面被密毛或仅沿脉被疏毛，有或稀无缘毛，有离基三出脉及2—3对侧脉。头状花序在茎端单生，径2．5—5厘米。总苞半球状，径1—2厘米；总苞片2—3层，近等长，披针形，长8—10毫米，宽2—3毫米，顶端急尖或渐尖，草质，紫绿色，背面及边缘有紫褐色腺毛，基部有长密毛。舌状花约30—50个，蓝紫色，稀浅红色；舌片长15—20毫米，宽2—3毫米，顶端尖，常有2齿；管状花长几达5毫米，上部紫褐色，有短腺毛或近无毛；管部长1一l.5毫米；裂片长1．5毫米；花柱附片o．5毫米。冠毛2层，外层短膜片状，白色；内层长4—5毫米，有白色或污白色微糙毛。瘦果长圆形，长达3毫米，被白色疏毛或绢毛。花果期6—8月。
产地分布：产于云南西北部(丽江、中甸、德钦等)、四川西南部(凉山、木里、九龙、雷波)及西藏东南部。生于高山草甸、开旷坡地、河谷、及泥炭沼泽地。海拔3500—4500米。在不丹也有分布。模式采于云南。
本种提示：此种与星舌紫菀(Asterasteroides(DC．)O．Ktze．)显然接近，曾被视为该种的亚种，但头：伏花序及总苞常较大，总苞片较宽，管状花上部紫褐色，有或无短腺毛，冠毛浅红褐色或污白色。有一变型f·polianthusLing，f．Nov．管状花花冠裂片被白色长节毛，产于西藏东部(波密)。生于高山草甸上，海拔4200米。全草冶小儿疳积，牙痛。
参考文献：AsterlikiangensisFraneh．InJourn．DeBot．10：370．1896；Hand．·Mazz。InNotizblBot．Gart，u．Mus．Berl．·Dahl．15：626，1937etinAct．Hort．Gothob．12：223，1938：S．Y，HuinQuart．Journ．TaiwanMus．18：292．1965．———-Asterli·kiangensisFranch．Ssp·typicusOnno，Biblioth，Bot．106：72。1932．———AsterCOStei16v1．InBull．Ar．G60gr．Bot．24：14．1915．--Asterasteroides(DC．)O．Ktze．Ssp·costei(L6v1．)Griers．InNot．Roy．Bot．Gard．Edinb．26：136．1964．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster likiangensis Franchet J. Bot. (Morot). 10: 370. 1896.
丽江紫菀 li jiang zi wan
Aster asteroides (Candolle) Kuntze subsp. costei (H. Léveillé) Grierson; A. costei H. Léveillé; A. likiangensis subsp. costei (H. Léveillé) Onno.
Herbs, perennial, 3-20 cm tall, scapiform, sometimes caespitose; rhizomes short, thick; roots tuberoid near ground surface. Stems erect, simple, usually ± purplish, villosulous to villous (crosswalls often purple), proximally sparsely to distally densely minutely purplish stipitate glandular. Leaves basal and cauline; cauline leaves abruptly reduced, sparsely to moderately villosulous, sparsely minutely purple stipitate glandular, margin entire or remotely serrate to serrulate, ciliate, often 3-veined; basal leaves present at anthesis, long (petiole to 4 cm) or shortly petiolate; blade ovate to oblong or oblanceolate, 0.5-3.5 × 0.2-2.2 cm, base attenuate, apex acute to obtuse; middle cauline leaves sessile, ovate or obovate to linear-lanceolate, 0.8-2 × 0.1-0.6 cm. Capitula terminal, solitary. Involucres hemispheric, 6-7 mm in diam.; phyllaries 2- or 3-seriate, subequal, oblong to lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 8-12 × 1.5-3 mm, abaxially densely purple villous proximally to sparsely so distally, sparsely proximally to densely distally minutely purplish stipitate glandular, membranous, margin narrowly scarious, purple apically, purple villous-ciliate, purple minutely stipitate glandular, multiveined, apex acute to acuminate, tip twisted, purple. Ray florets 12-55, bluish to lavender-purple, lamina 11-21 × 1.5-3 mm, glabrous, eglandular; disk florets yellow, sometimes purplish brown distally, 4-5 mm, tube 1-1.5 mm, glabrate, limb funnelform, 3.5-4 mm, lobes erect, triangular, 0.5-1 mm, glabrous, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular. Achenes (immature) narrowly obovoid, ca. 3 mm, sparsely strigillose, eglandular, 2-ribbed. Pappus (immature) 2-seriate, straw-colored; outermost series of few broad scales ca. 1 mm; inner series of sometimes purplish, barbellate bristles 3.5-4 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Aug.
Alpine meadows, wet open slopes, valleys, mixed shrubs, marshy places; 3500-4500 m. SW Sichuan, SE Xizang, NW Yunnan [Bhutan].
Aster likiangensis is closely related to A. asteroides and has been regarded as a subspecies of it by Grierson (Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 67-163. 1964). It is distinguished by the purple disk floret lobes that are stipitate glandular.Aster likiangensis is closely related to A. asteroides and has been regarded as a subspecies of it by Grierson (Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 67-163. 1964). It is distinguished by the purple disk floret lobes that are stipitate glandular.
别名：肥儿草;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：紫菀属 Aster
80. 丽江紫菀 肥儿草（丽江土名）图版60：4-6
Aster likiangensis Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 10: 370. 1896; Hand. -Mazz. in Notizbl Bot. Gart. u. Mus. Berl. -Dahl. 13: 626, 1937 et in Act. Hort. Gothob. 12: 223. 1938: S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 292. 1965. ——Aster likiangensis Franch. ssp. typicus Onno, Biblioth, Bot. 106: 72. 1932. ——Aster costei levl. in Bull. Ar. Geogr. Bot. 24: 14. 1915.——Aster asteroides (DC.) O. Ktze. ssp. costei (Levl.) Griers. in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 26: 136. 1964.
多年生草本，根状茎短，上端粗壮，有数个簇生的莱菔状向下渐细的块根。茎直立，高3-35厘米，纤细，单生或与莲座状叶丛丛生，常紫色，被开展的长毛和紫色腺毛，中部以上常无叶。基部叶密集，在花期生存，倒卵圆形，菱形或长圆形，基部急或渐狭成长或短柄，长1.5-7厘米，宽0.5-1.7厘米，近全缘，顶端急尖或圆形；中部叶卵圆形或线状披针形，无柄；全部叶上面被密或密的或近边缘较密的长毛，下面被密毛或仅沿脉被疏毛，有或稀无缘毛，有离基三出脉及2-3对侧脉。头状花序在茎端单生，径2.5-5厘米。总苞半球状，径1-2厘米；总苞片2-3层，近等长，披针形，长8-10毫米，宽2-3毫米，顶端急尖或渐尖，草质，紫绿色，背面及边缘有紫褐色腺毛，基部有长密毛。舌状花约30-50个，蓝紫色，稀浅红色；舌片长15-20毫米，宽2-3毫米，顶端尖，常有2齿；管状花长几达5毫米，上部紫褐色，有短腺毛或近无毛；管部长1-1.5毫米；裂片长1.5毫米；花柱附片0.5毫米。冠毛2层，外层短膜片状，白色；内层长4-5毫米，有白色或污白色微糙毛。瘦果长圆形，长达3毫米，被白色疏毛或绢毛。花果期6-8月。
产于云南西北部（丽江、中甸、德钦等）、四川西南部（凉山、木里、九龙、雷波）及西藏东南部。生于高山草甸、开旷坡地、河谷、及泥炭沼泽地。海拔3500-4500米。在不丹也有分布。模式采于云南。
此种与星舌紫菀 (Aster asteroides (DC.) O. Ktze.) 显然接近，曾被视为该种的亚种，但头状花序及总苞常较大，总苞片较宽，管状花上部紫褐色，有或无短腺毛，冠毛浅红褐色或污白色。有一变型 f. polianthus Ling, f. nov. 管状花花冠裂片被白色长节毛，产于西藏东部（波密）。生于高山草甸上，海拔4200米。全草治小儿疳积，牙痛。
形态特征：多年生草本，根状茎短，上端粗壮，有数个簇生的莱菔状向下渐细的块根。茎直立，高3—35厘米，纤细，单生或与莲座状叶丛丛生，常紫色，被开展的长毛和紫色腺毛，中部以上常无叶。基部叶密集，在花期生存，倒卵圆形，菱形或长圆形，基部急或渐狭成长或短柄，长1．5—7厘米，宽0．5—1．7厘米，近全缘，顶端急尖或圆形；中部叶卵圆形或线状披针形，无柄；全部叶上面被密或密的或近边缘较密的长毛，下面被密毛或仅沿脉被疏毛，有或稀无缘毛，有离基三出脉及2—3对侧脉。头状花序在茎端单生，径2．5—5厘米。总苞半球状，径1—2厘米；总苞片2—3层，近等长，披针形，长8—10毫米，宽2—3毫米，顶端急尖或渐尖，草质，紫绿色，背面及边缘有紫褐色腺毛，基部有长密毛。舌状花约30—50个，蓝紫色，稀浅红色；舌片长15—20毫米，宽2—3毫米，顶端尖，常有2齿；管状花长几达5毫米，上部紫褐色，有短腺毛或近无毛；管部长1一l.5毫米；裂片长1．5毫米；花柱附片o．5毫米。冠毛2层，外层短膜片状，白色；内层长4—5毫米，有白色或污白色微糙毛。瘦果长圆形，长达3毫米，被白色疏毛或绢毛。花果期6—8月。
产地分布：产于云南西北部(丽江、中甸、德钦等)、四川西南部(凉山、木里、九龙、雷波)及西藏东南部。生于高山草甸、开旷坡地、河谷、及泥炭沼泽地。海拔3500—4500米。在不丹也有分布。模式采于云南。
本种提示：此种与星舌紫菀(Asterasteroides(DC．)O．Ktze．)显然接近，曾被视为该种的亚种，但头：伏花序及总苞常较大，总苞片较宽，管状花上部紫褐色，有或无短腺毛，冠毛浅红褐色或污白色。有一变型f·polianthusLing，f．Nov．管状花花冠裂片被白色长节毛，产于西藏东部(波密)。生于高山草甸上，海拔4200米。全草冶小儿疳积，牙痛。
参考文献：AsterlikiangensisFraneh．InJourn．DeBot．10：370．1896；Hand．·Mazz。InNotizblBot．Gart，u．Mus．Berl．·Dahl．15：626，1937etinAct．Hort．Gothob．12：223，1938：S．Y，HuinQuart．Journ．TaiwanMus．18：292．1965．———-Asterli·kiangensisFranch．Ssp·typicusOnno，Biblioth，Bot．106：72。1932．———AsterCOStei16v1．InBull．Ar．G60gr．Bot．24：14．1915．--Asterasteroides(DC．)O．Ktze．Ssp·costei(L6v1．)Griers．InNot．Roy．Bot．Gard．Edinb．26：136．1964．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster likiangensis Franchet J. Bot. (Morot). 10: 370. 1896.
丽江紫菀 li jiang zi wan
Aster asteroides (Candolle) Kuntze subsp. costei (H. Léveillé) Grierson; A. costei H. Léveillé; A. likiangensis subsp. costei (H. Léveillé) Onno.
Herbs, perennial, 3-20 cm tall, scapiform, sometimes caespitose; rhizomes short, thick; roots tuberoid near ground surface. Stems erect, simple, usually ± purplish, villosulous to villous (crosswalls often purple), proximally sparsely to distally densely minutely purplish stipitate glandular. Leaves basal and cauline; cauline leaves abruptly reduced, sparsely to moderately villosulous, sparsely minutely purple stipitate glandular, margin entire or remotely serrate to serrulate, ciliate, often 3-veined; basal leaves present at anthesis, long (petiole to 4 cm) or shortly petiolate; blade ovate to oblong or oblanceolate, 0.5-3.5 × 0.2-2.2 cm, base attenuate, apex acute to obtuse; middle cauline leaves sessile, ovate or obovate to linear-lanceolate, 0.8-2 × 0.1-0.6 cm. Capitula terminal, solitary. Involucres hemispheric, 6-7 mm in diam.; phyllaries 2- or 3-seriate, subequal, oblong to lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 8-12 × 1.5-3 mm, abaxially densely purple villous proximally to sparsely so distally, sparsely proximally to densely distally minutely purplish stipitate glandular, membranous, margin narrowly scarious, purple apically, purple villous-ciliate, purple minutely stipitate glandular, multiveined, apex acute to acuminate, tip twisted, purple. Ray florets 12-55, bluish to lavender-purple, lamina 11-21 × 1.5-3 mm, glabrous, eglandular; disk florets yellow, sometimes purplish brown distally, 4-5 mm, tube 1-1.5 mm, glabrate, limb funnelform, 3.5-4 mm, lobes erect, triangular, 0.5-1 mm, glabrous, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular. Achenes (immature) narrowly obovoid, ca. 3 mm, sparsely strigillose, eglandular, 2-ribbed. Pappus (immature) 2-seriate, straw-colored; outermost series of few broad scales ca. 1 mm; inner series of sometimes purplish, barbellate bristles 3.5-4 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Aug.
Alpine meadows, wet open slopes, valleys, mixed shrubs, marshy places; 3500-4500 m. SW Sichuan, SE Xizang, NW Yunnan [Bhutan].
Aster likiangensis is closely related to A. asteroides and has been regarded as a subspecies of it by Grierson (Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 67-163. 1964). It is distinguished by the purple disk floret lobes that are stipitate glandular.Aster likiangensis is closely related to A. asteroides and has been regarded as a subspecies of it by Grierson (Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26: 67-163. 1964). It is distinguished by the purple disk floret lobes that are stipitate glandular.