栏目

异苞紫菀Aster heterolepis Hand.-Mazz.

异苞紫菀Aster heterolepis Hand.-Mazz.

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:紫菀属 Aster

《中国植物志》第74卷206页
  54. 异苞紫菀 图版52:5-8
  Aster heterolepis Hand. -Mazz. in Not. Botizbl. Gart. u. Mus. Berl. -Dahl. 13: 614. 1937; Y. S. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18: 287. 1965. ——Aster oreophilus auct., non Franch.: Farrer in Journ. Hort. Soc. 42: 58. 1916.
  多年生草本,根状茎粗壮,有丛生的花茎与莲座状叶丛。茎直立,高14-45厘米,基部有枯叶残片,被粗伏毛和微腺毛,上部毛较密,有2-4个花序枝或不分枝,上部有较疏的叶。下部叶在花期生存,与莲座叶同形,匙形或长圆状匙形,长3-9厘米,宽0.5-1.5厘米,下部渐狭成具翅而基部稍扩大的柄,全缘,顶端圆形或钝;中部叶匙状至线状长圆形,较狭,渐无柄;上部叶小,多少线形;全部叶质稍厚,两面被密柔毛和微腺毛,有离基三出脉,中脉在下面凸起。头状花序径3.5-5稀6厘米,单生于枝端。总苞半球形,长8-10毫米,径10-15毫米;总苞片3层,外层匙形,长4-7毫米,宽1.5-2.5毫米,顶端圆形,全部草质或基部革质,被密毛,有腺;内层线状长圆形,长10毫米,宽几达2毫米,顶端尖或渐尖且带紫红色,上部被密毛,基部多少革质,边缘膜质。舌状花约30余个,管部长2.5毫米;舌片浅蓝色,长15-18毫米,宽2-2.5毫米。管状花长约6毫米,管部长2.5毫米,上端有微毛,裂片长达1毫米。冠毛白色,长约6毫米,有等长的微糙毛及少数极短的毛。瘦果长达3毫米,稍扁,基部极狭,被疏柔毛,上部常有腺。花果期6-9月。
  产于甘肃南部(武都、西固)。生于砾石坡地,海拔1500-2500米。
  此种与石生紫菀 (A. oreophilus Franch.) 接近,主要以总苞片形状、较大的头状花序和植株体态为区别。总苞片的形状近似高山紫菀 (A. alpinus Linn.),但其他特征不同。此种曾被 Handel-Mazzetti 列入异毛组 (sect. Heterochaeta),理由是外层冠毛“由少数短毛组成而非膜片状”。但这样的冠毛在高山紫菀及其邻种中都可见到。
形态特征:多年生草本,根状茎粗壮,有丛生的花茎与莲座状叶丛。茎直立,高14——45厘米,基部有枯叶残片,被粗伏毛和微腺毛,上部毛较密,有2—4个花序枝或不分枝,上部有较疏的叶。下部叶在花期生存,与莲座叶同形,匙形或长圆状匙形,长3—9厘米,宽0.5—1.5厘米,下部渐狭成具翅而基部稍扩大的柄,全缘,顶端圆形或钝;中部叶匙状至线状长圆形,较狭,渐无柄;上部叶小,多少线形;全部叶质稍厚,两面被密柔毛和微腺毛,有离基三出脉,中脉在下面凸起。头状花序径3.5—5稀6厘米,单生于枝端。总苞半球形,长8一10毫米,径10—-15毫米;总苞片3层,外层匙形,长4—7毫米,宽1.5—2.5毫米,顶端圆形,全部草质或基部革质,被密毛,有腺;内层线状长圆形,长10毫米,宽几达2毫米,顶端尖或渐尖且带紫红色,上部被密毛,基部多少革质,边缘膜质。舌状花约30余个,管部长2.5毫米;舌片浅蓝色,长15—18毫米,宽2—2.5毫米。管状花长约6毫米,管部长2.5毫米,上端有微毛,裂片长达1毫米。冠毛白色,长约6毫米,有等长的微糙毛及少数极短的毛。瘦果长达3毫米,稍扁,基部极狭,被疏柔毛,上部常有腺。花果期6—9月。
产地分布:产于甘肃南部(武都、西固)。生于砾石坡地,海拔1500—2500米。
本种提示:此种与石生紫菀(A.OreophilusFranch,)接近,主要以总苞片形状、较大的头状花序和植株体态为区别。总苞片的形状近似高山紫菀(A.AlpinusLinn.),但其他特征不同。此种曾被Handel.·Mazzetti列入异毛组(sect.Heterochaeta),理由是外层冠毛“由少数短毛组成而非膜片状”。但这样的冠毛在高山紫菀及其邻种中都可见到。
参考文献:AsterheterolepisHand.·Mazz.InNot.Botizbl.Gart.U.Mus.Berl.·Dahl.15:614.1937;Y.S.HuinQuart.Journ.TaiwanMus.18:287.1965.——Asteroreophilusauct·,nonFranch,:FarrerinJourn.Hort.Soc.42:58.1916.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster heterolepis  Handel-Mazzetti Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem. 13: 614. 1937.
异苞紫菀   yi bao zi wan
Herbs perennial, 14-45 cm tall, ± caespitose; rhizomes robust; new rosettes sometimes present. Stems often with marcescent leaf remains, erect, branched upward or simple, villous-strigose, with sessile glands, loosely leafy above. Leaves ± thick, strigose, with dense sessile glands, triplinerved, midvein abaxially prominent; basal leaves rosulate and lower cauline leaves present at anthesis, winged petiolate, petiole base clasping; blade spatulate or oblanceolate, 3-9 × 0.5-1.5 cm, base attenuate, margin entire, scabrous, apex rounded or obtuse; middle leaves sessile, oblong to oblanceolate; upper leaves ± linear-oblanceolate, small. Capitula solitary at ends of 2-4 branches, 3.5-5(-6) cm in diam. Involucres hemispheric, 0.8-1 × 1-1.5 cm; phyllaries 3-seriate, unequal; outer phyllaries spatulate, 4-7 × 1.5-2.5 mm, abaxially densely strigillose, with sessile glands, base hardened, distally leaflike, margin ciliate, apex rounded; inner phyllaries oblong to linear-oblong, ca. 10 × 2 mm, densely strigillose distally, ± membranous, margin scarious, erose-fimbriate, ciliate, apex acute or acuminate, purplish. Ray florets 30, bluish, tube 2.5-2.8 mm, sparsely hairy distally, lamina 15-18 × 2-2.5 mm; disk florets ca. 5.8 mm, tube ca. 2.2 mm, hairy distally onto limb base, limb funnelform, lobes lanceolate, ca. 1.3 mm, equal, tip revolute, with sessile glands. Achenes pale brown, obovoid, compressed, ca. 3 mm, strigillose, glandular apically, 2-ribbed. Pappus whitish, 3-seriate, bristles barbellate throughout; outermost bristles few, ca. 0.4 mm; inner bristles ca. 5 mm, acute; innermost bristles ca. 6.2 mm, clavate. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep.
● Stony slopes; 1500-2500 m. S Gansu.
Aster heterolepis is closely related to A. oreophilus; it differs mainly in habit, the larger capitula, and phyllary shape.Aster heterolepis is closely related to A. oreophilus; it differs mainly in habit, the larger capitula, and phyllary shape.

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