长梗紫菀Aster dolichopodus Ling
长梗紫菀Aster dolichopodus Ling
18. 长梗紫菀 图版44：5-8
Aster dolichopodus Ling in Addenda 356.
多年生草本，有根状茎及长须根。茎直立，高50-85厘米，上部有分枝，被开展或上部被俯伏的长毛，下部有较密的叶。下部叶在花期枯落，较小；中部叶长圆披针形，长4-7.5厘米，宽0.6-1厘米，基部近等宽，圆形，常抱茎，或几有耳部，全缘或上部有1-2对小尖头状齿或浅齿，顶端镰状渐尖，边缘平，上部叶较小，线状披针形，全部稍厚质，上面被伏糙毛，下面色较浅，被较长的、沿脉被更长的粗毛，有缘毛，中脉在下面凸起，侧脉不显明。头状花序径3-4厘米，4至十余个，在枝端单生或排列成伞房状，花序梗长4-15厘米，有线形苞叶。总苞半球形，长约5毫米，径7-10毫米；总苞片3-4层，覆瓦状排列，被密腺毛，外层长圆披针形，草质，仅基部革质，有短缘毛，内层倒卵状披针形，除上部及中脉草质外革质，有短缘毛。舌状花约40个，舌片浅蓝紫色，长1.5稀2厘米，宽1.5-2毫米。管状花长5毫米，管部长2毫米，上部被微毛；花柱分枝附片线状披针形。冠毛1层，浅红色或基部白色，长达花冠裂片的基部或与管部等长，有不等长的微糙毛。瘦果倒卵圆形，长3毫米，宽达2毫米，除厚边肋外，一面有肋，被短粗毛。花果期7-9月。
产于四川西部及西北部（马尔康、大金、甘孜等）。生于低山草坡、沟边及路旁。海拔2400-3200米。
上种的变种 (A. smithianus Hand. -Mazz. var. pilosior Hand. -Mazz.) 似应改隶于本种。
形态特征：多年生草本，有根状茎及长须根。茎直立，高50一85厘米，上部有分枝，被开展或上部被俯伏的长毛，下部有较密的叶。下部叶在花期枯落，较小；中部叶长圆披针形，长4—7．5厘米，宽0．6—1厘米，基部近等宽，圆形，常抱茎，或几有耳部，全缘或上部有1—2对小尖头状齿或浅齿，顶端镰状渐尖，边缘平，上部叶较小，线状披针形，全部稍厚质，上面被伏糙毛，下面色较浅，被较长的、沿脉被更长的粗毛，有缘毛，中脉在下面凸起，侧脉不显明。头状花序径3—4厘米，4至十余个，在枝端单生或排列成伞房状，花序梗长4—15厘米，有线形苞叶。总苞半球形，长约5毫米，径7—10毫米；总苞片3—4层，覆瓦状排列，被密腺毛，外层长圆披针形，草质，仅基部革质，有短缘毛，内层倒卵状披针形，除上部及中脉草质外革质，有短缘毛。舌状花约40个，舌片浅蓝紫色，长1，5稀2厘米，宽1.5—2毫米。管状花长5毫米，管部长2毫米，上部被微毛；花柱分枝附片线状披针形。冠毛1层，浅红色或基部白色，长达花冠裂片的基部或与管部等长，有不等长的微糙毛。瘦果倒卵圆形，长3毫米，宽达2毫米，除厚边肋外，一面有肋，被短粗毛。花果期7—9月。
产地分布：产于四川西部及西北部(马尔康、大金、甘孜等)。生于低山草坡、沟边及路旁。海拔2400—3200米。
本种提示：上种的变种(A．SmithianusHand．·Mazz．Var·pilosiorHand．·Mazz．)似应改隶于本种。
参考文献：AsterdolichopodusLinginAddenda356．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster dolichopodus Y. Ling Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 74: 356. 1985.
长梗紫菀 chang geng zi wan
Herbs, perennial, 38-90 cm tall, sometimes caespitose; rhizomes long, thin. Stems erect, simple, sometimes branched upward, reddish striate, villous, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular. Leaves cauline, gradually reduced upward; blade abaxially pale green, adaxially green, abaxially sparsely strigose, eglandular, adaxially scabridulous, base rounded (lower leaves) or auriculate, clasping, margin remotely serrate to entire, strigose-ciliate, midvein prominent on both surfaces, apex acuminate, often falcate, mucronulate; lowest leaves withered by anthesis (unobserved); lower to upper leaves shortly petiolate (lower leaves) or sessile, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3.5-13 × 0.3-1.8 cm; synflorescence leaves lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1.5-5 × 0.1-1 cm. Capitula 1-16 in terminal corymbiform synflorescences, sometimes solitary; peduncles 25-150 mm, sparsely villosulous, sparsely stipitate glandular, more densely so below capitula; bracts linear-lanceolate, entire, sometimes falcate, sometimes subtending involucre. Involucres broadly campanulate, 5-6 mm; phyllaries 3- or 4-seriate, unequal, green distally, abaxially glabrous, densely minutely stipitate glandular, base hardened, membranous, margin narrowly scarious, erose, ± purplish distally, glandular, midvein prominent, translucent, sometimes faintly multiveined, apex sometimes curved, acute, sometimes mucronulate, purplish; outer phyllaries oblong-lanceolate, 2.5-3 × 0.6-0.8 mm; middle phyllaries narrowly oblanceolate, 4-5 × 1-1.2 mm; inner phyllaries narrowly oblanceolate, 5-5.5 × 0.8-1.1 mm, scarious. Ray florets 19-26, light purple to purple, tube apex and lamina base sparsely hairy, sometimes sparsely minutely stipitate glandular, lamina 10-14 × 1.5-2 mm; disk florets yellow, sometimes becoming purplish, 4-4.5 mm, tube apex and limb base sparsely strigillose, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular, limb campanulate, 2.2-2.5 mm, lobes spreading, narrowly triangular, 1-1.2 mm, tip very sparsely strigillose, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular. Achenes dark purple, broadly obovoid, ± compressed to ± trigonous, 2.5-3 mm, sparsely strigillose, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular distally or eglandular, 2- or 3-ribbed. Pappus 4-seriate, dirty white, of few barbellate bristles; outermost series of narrow scales 0.2-0.4 mm; outer bristles slender, 0.8-1.5 mm; inner bristles ca. 2.5 mm, tapering; innermost bristles ca. 3 mm, clavate. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep.
● Grasslands on slopes, Quercus-Abies scrub on dry slopes, scrub, thicket margins, dry stream banks, canal sides, roadsides; 2400-3500 m. Gansu, S Shaanxi, NW and W Sichuan.
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：紫菀属 Aster
18. 长梗紫菀 图版44：5-8
Aster dolichopodus Ling in Addenda 356.
多年生草本，有根状茎及长须根。茎直立，高50-85厘米，上部有分枝，被开展或上部被俯伏的长毛，下部有较密的叶。下部叶在花期枯落，较小；中部叶长圆披针形，长4-7.5厘米，宽0.6-1厘米，基部近等宽，圆形，常抱茎，或几有耳部，全缘或上部有1-2对小尖头状齿或浅齿，顶端镰状渐尖，边缘平，上部叶较小，线状披针形，全部稍厚质，上面被伏糙毛，下面色较浅，被较长的、沿脉被更长的粗毛，有缘毛，中脉在下面凸起，侧脉不显明。头状花序径3-4厘米，4至十余个，在枝端单生或排列成伞房状，花序梗长4-15厘米，有线形苞叶。总苞半球形，长约5毫米，径7-10毫米；总苞片3-4层，覆瓦状排列，被密腺毛，外层长圆披针形，草质，仅基部革质，有短缘毛，内层倒卵状披针形，除上部及中脉草质外革质，有短缘毛。舌状花约40个，舌片浅蓝紫色，长1.5稀2厘米，宽1.5-2毫米。管状花长5毫米，管部长2毫米，上部被微毛；花柱分枝附片线状披针形。冠毛1层，浅红色或基部白色，长达花冠裂片的基部或与管部等长，有不等长的微糙毛。瘦果倒卵圆形，长3毫米，宽达2毫米，除厚边肋外，一面有肋，被短粗毛。花果期7-9月。
产于四川西部及西北部（马尔康、大金、甘孜等）。生于低山草坡、沟边及路旁。海拔2400-3200米。
上种的变种 (A. smithianus Hand. -Mazz. var. pilosior Hand. -Mazz.) 似应改隶于本种。
形态特征：多年生草本，有根状茎及长须根。茎直立，高50一85厘米，上部有分枝，被开展或上部被俯伏的长毛，下部有较密的叶。下部叶在花期枯落，较小；中部叶长圆披针形，长4—7．5厘米，宽0．6—1厘米，基部近等宽，圆形，常抱茎，或几有耳部，全缘或上部有1—2对小尖头状齿或浅齿，顶端镰状渐尖，边缘平，上部叶较小，线状披针形，全部稍厚质，上面被伏糙毛，下面色较浅，被较长的、沿脉被更长的粗毛，有缘毛，中脉在下面凸起，侧脉不显明。头状花序径3—4厘米，4至十余个，在枝端单生或排列成伞房状，花序梗长4—15厘米，有线形苞叶。总苞半球形，长约5毫米，径7—10毫米；总苞片3—4层，覆瓦状排列，被密腺毛，外层长圆披针形，草质，仅基部革质，有短缘毛，内层倒卵状披针形，除上部及中脉草质外革质，有短缘毛。舌状花约40个，舌片浅蓝紫色，长1，5稀2厘米，宽1.5—2毫米。管状花长5毫米，管部长2毫米，上部被微毛；花柱分枝附片线状披针形。冠毛1层，浅红色或基部白色，长达花冠裂片的基部或与管部等长，有不等长的微糙毛。瘦果倒卵圆形，长3毫米，宽达2毫米，除厚边肋外，一面有肋，被短粗毛。花果期7—9月。
产地分布：产于四川西部及西北部(马尔康、大金、甘孜等)。生于低山草坡、沟边及路旁。海拔2400—3200米。
本种提示：上种的变种(A．SmithianusHand．·Mazz．Var·pilosiorHand．·Mazz．)似应改隶于本种。
参考文献：AsterdolichopodusLinginAddenda356．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster dolichopodus Y. Ling Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 74: 356. 1985.
长梗紫菀 chang geng zi wan
Herbs, perennial, 38-90 cm tall, sometimes caespitose; rhizomes long, thin. Stems erect, simple, sometimes branched upward, reddish striate, villous, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular. Leaves cauline, gradually reduced upward; blade abaxially pale green, adaxially green, abaxially sparsely strigose, eglandular, adaxially scabridulous, base rounded (lower leaves) or auriculate, clasping, margin remotely serrate to entire, strigose-ciliate, midvein prominent on both surfaces, apex acuminate, often falcate, mucronulate; lowest leaves withered by anthesis (unobserved); lower to upper leaves shortly petiolate (lower leaves) or sessile, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3.5-13 × 0.3-1.8 cm; synflorescence leaves lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1.5-5 × 0.1-1 cm. Capitula 1-16 in terminal corymbiform synflorescences, sometimes solitary; peduncles 25-150 mm, sparsely villosulous, sparsely stipitate glandular, more densely so below capitula; bracts linear-lanceolate, entire, sometimes falcate, sometimes subtending involucre. Involucres broadly campanulate, 5-6 mm; phyllaries 3- or 4-seriate, unequal, green distally, abaxially glabrous, densely minutely stipitate glandular, base hardened, membranous, margin narrowly scarious, erose, ± purplish distally, glandular, midvein prominent, translucent, sometimes faintly multiveined, apex sometimes curved, acute, sometimes mucronulate, purplish; outer phyllaries oblong-lanceolate, 2.5-3 × 0.6-0.8 mm; middle phyllaries narrowly oblanceolate, 4-5 × 1-1.2 mm; inner phyllaries narrowly oblanceolate, 5-5.5 × 0.8-1.1 mm, scarious. Ray florets 19-26, light purple to purple, tube apex and lamina base sparsely hairy, sometimes sparsely minutely stipitate glandular, lamina 10-14 × 1.5-2 mm; disk florets yellow, sometimes becoming purplish, 4-4.5 mm, tube apex and limb base sparsely strigillose, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular, limb campanulate, 2.2-2.5 mm, lobes spreading, narrowly triangular, 1-1.2 mm, tip very sparsely strigillose, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular. Achenes dark purple, broadly obovoid, ± compressed to ± trigonous, 2.5-3 mm, sparsely strigillose, sparsely minutely stipitate glandular distally or eglandular, 2- or 3-ribbed. Pappus 4-seriate, dirty white, of few barbellate bristles; outermost series of narrow scales 0.2-0.4 mm; outer bristles slender, 0.8-1.5 mm; inner bristles ca. 2.5 mm, tapering; innermost bristles ca. 3 mm, clavate. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep.
● Grasslands on slopes, Quercus-Abies scrub on dry slopes, scrub, thicket margins, dry stream banks, canal sides, roadsides; 2400-3500 m. Gansu, S Shaanxi, NW and W Sichuan.