巴塘紫菀Aster batangensis Bur. et Franch.
巴塘紫菀Aster batangensis Bur. et Franch.
92. 巴塘紫菀 图版62: 8-12
Aster batangensis Bur. et Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 5: 50, 1891.
亚灌木，根状茎（或茎）平卧或斜升，多分枝，木质，径达1.5厘米，常扭曲，有密集的枯叶残片，外皮撕裂或缝裂，常有不定根。枝端有密集丛生的基出条和花茎。基出条短或长达2厘米，有密集的叶和顶生的莲座状叶丛；叶匙形或线状匙形，长1.5-8厘米，宽0.3-1厘米，下部渐狭长具翅的柄，顶端圆形或微凹，或有小尖头。花茎直立或斜升，纤细，被疏短柔毛，下部有密生的叶。下部叶线状匙形或线形，长1.5-3.5厘米，宽0.2-0.7厘米，基部渐狭，顶端圆形或渐尖；上部叶小，苞叶状；全部叶质较厚，两面被疏短柔毛，有缘毛，中脉与侧脉几平行。头状花序单生，径3-4.5厘米。总苞半球状，径10-15毫米；总苞片约2层，近等长，线状披针形，长7-12毫米，宽1-2毫米，渐细尖，外层全部草质，背面有腺，有短毛或无毛；内层上部草质，边缘宽膜质，背面有腺舌状花15-20个，管部长3毫米，舌片紫色，长12-22毫米，宽1-2.5毫米；管部花长约5毫米，管部长1.5毫米，裂片长1毫米；花柱附片长0.5毫米。冠毛2层，白色或稍红色，外层有少数极短的毛；内层长达5毫米，有多数不等长的微糙毛。瘦果长圆形，长几达4毫米，稍扁，下部渐狭，一面有1-2肋，一面有1肋或无肋，被密粗毛。花期5-9月；果期9-10月。
产于我国西南部。
此种常被列入高山组的异毛亚组 subsect. Heterochaeta Onno 中，但有具多肋的瘦果和仅具少数短毛的外层冠毛，与异毛亚组的种有明显区别，而似与狗舌紫菀（A. senecioides Franch.) 有较密的亲缘关系。
形态特征：亚灌木，根状茎(或茎)平卧或斜升，多分枝，木质，径达1．5厘米，常扭曲，有密集的枯叶残片，外皮撕裂或缝裂，常有不定根。枝端有密集丛生的基出条和花茎。基出条短或长达2厘米，有密集的叶和顶生的莲座状叶丛；叶匙形或线状匙形，长1.5—8厘米，宽0．3—1厘米，下部渐狭长具翅的柄，顶端圆形或微凹，或有小尖头。花茎直立或斜升，纤细，被疏短柔毛，下部有密生的叶。下部叶线状匙形或线形，长1.5一3．5厘米，宽0．2—0．7厘米，基部渐狭，顶端圆形或渐尖；上部叶小，苞叶状；全部叶质较厚，两面被疏短柔毛，有缘毛，中脉与侧脉几平行。头状花序单生，径3—4．5厘米。总苞半球状，径10—15毫米；总苞片约2层，近等长，线状披针形，长7一12毫米，宽1—2毫米，渐细尖，外层全部草质，背面有腺，有短毛或无毛；内层上部草质，边缘宽膜质，背面有腺舌：庆花15—20个，管部长3毫米，舌片紫色，长12—22毫米，宽l一2．5毫米；管部花长约5毫米，管部长1．5毫米，裂片长l毫米；花柱附片长o.5毫米。冠毛2层，白色或稍红色，外层有少数极短的毛；内层长达5毫米，有多数不等长的微糙毛。瘦果长圆形，长几达4毫米，梢扁，下部渐狭，一面有1—2肋，一面有1肋或无肋，被密粗毛。花期5—9月；果期9—10月。
产地分布：产于我国西南部。
本种提示：此种常被列入高山组的异毛亚组subsect．HeterochaetaOnno中，但有具多肋的瘦果和仅具少数短毛的外层冠毛，与异毛亚组的种有明显区别，而似与狗舌紫菀(A．SenecioidesFranch．)；有较密的亲缘关系。
参考文献：Aster batangensis Bur。Et Franch．In Journ．De Bot．5：50，1891．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster batangensis Bureau & Franchet J. Bot. (Morot). 5: 50. 1891.
巴塘紫菀 ba tang zi wan
Herbs, perennial, 3-15 cm tall, caespitose; rhizome procumbent, caudex thick, branched, woody; taproot thick, woody. Stems ascending, sometimes erect, simple, slender, reddish brown striate, villosulous, sometimes sparsely so, sparsely to densely (distally) minutely stipitate glandular, scapiform. Leaves basal and cauline, both surfaces sparsely strigillose or glabrous or sometimes distally sparsely to moderately strigillose and veins sparsely to densely strigillose, margin entire, strigillose-ciliate, midvein prominent abaxially; basal leaves present at anthesis, marcescent, long winged petiolate (petiole to 2 cm); blade obovate to oblanceolate, 0.2-6 × 0.1-0.9 cm, base attenuate, apex rounded or retuse to obtuse, largest mucronulate; cauline leaves subpetiolate or sessile, narrowly oblong-oblanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 0.9-3.5 × 0.2-0.4(-0.7) cm, abruptly reduced and gradually smaller distally, base cuneate to rounded, apex obtuse to acuminate, mucronulate. Capitula terminal, solitary, 3-4.5 cm in diam. Involucres broadly campanulate, 0.5-1(-1.5) cm in diam.; phyllaries 3-seriate, subequal, spreading to squarrose, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate (some inner phyllaries), 6-12 × 0.5-2 mm, abaxially strigillose, basally more so, or glabrous, minutely stipitate glandular, membranous, margin narrowly to broadly scarious, erose, eciliate, sometimes purplish, few veined, midvein prominent, apex acute to acuminate, tip sometimes purplish. Ray florets 12-26, purple to lavender or lavender-blue, tube ca. 3 mm, lamina 12-22 × 1-2.5 mm, glabrous, eglandular; disk florets yellow to yellow-orange, 4.6-5 mm, tube ca. 1.5 mm, limb narrowly funnelform, 3.2-3.5 mm, base sparsely hairy, lobes spreading, triangular, ca. 1 mm, eglandular. Achenes narrowly obovoid, ± compressed, 3.5-4 mm, strigillose, eglandular, margin 3-ribbed. Pappus 4-seriate, white; outermost series of few white scales 0.5-1 mm; bristles barbellate; outer bristles few, slender, 2-3 mm; inner bristles 4-4.5 mm, acute; innermost bristles faintly reddish, 5-5.5 mm, weakly clavate. Fl. May-Sep, fr. Sep-Oct.
● Forest and thicket margins, open grasslands, meadows, pastures, open slopes, stony or scree slopes, cliff faces, stream banks; 2500-4600 m. SW and W Sichuan, E Xizang, NW Yunnan.
别名：打毒根;万年青;
科名：菊科 Compositae
属名：紫菀属 Aster
92. 巴塘紫菀 图版62: 8-12
Aster batangensis Bur. et Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 5: 50, 1891.
亚灌木，根状茎（或茎）平卧或斜升，多分枝，木质，径达1.5厘米，常扭曲，有密集的枯叶残片，外皮撕裂或缝裂，常有不定根。枝端有密集丛生的基出条和花茎。基出条短或长达2厘米，有密集的叶和顶生的莲座状叶丛；叶匙形或线状匙形，长1.5-8厘米，宽0.3-1厘米，下部渐狭长具翅的柄，顶端圆形或微凹，或有小尖头。花茎直立或斜升，纤细，被疏短柔毛，下部有密生的叶。下部叶线状匙形或线形，长1.5-3.5厘米，宽0.2-0.7厘米，基部渐狭，顶端圆形或渐尖；上部叶小，苞叶状；全部叶质较厚，两面被疏短柔毛，有缘毛，中脉与侧脉几平行。头状花序单生，径3-4.5厘米。总苞半球状，径10-15毫米；总苞片约2层，近等长，线状披针形，长7-12毫米，宽1-2毫米，渐细尖，外层全部草质，背面有腺，有短毛或无毛；内层上部草质，边缘宽膜质，背面有腺舌状花15-20个，管部长3毫米，舌片紫色，长12-22毫米，宽1-2.5毫米；管部花长约5毫米，管部长1.5毫米，裂片长1毫米；花柱附片长0.5毫米。冠毛2层，白色或稍红色，外层有少数极短的毛；内层长达5毫米，有多数不等长的微糙毛。瘦果长圆形，长几达4毫米，稍扁，下部渐狭，一面有1-2肋，一面有1肋或无肋，被密粗毛。花期5-9月；果期9-10月。
产于我国西南部。
此种常被列入高山组的异毛亚组 subsect. Heterochaeta Onno 中，但有具多肋的瘦果和仅具少数短毛的外层冠毛，与异毛亚组的种有明显区别，而似与狗舌紫菀（A. senecioides Franch.) 有较密的亲缘关系。
形态特征：亚灌木，根状茎(或茎)平卧或斜升，多分枝，木质，径达1．5厘米，常扭曲，有密集的枯叶残片，外皮撕裂或缝裂，常有不定根。枝端有密集丛生的基出条和花茎。基出条短或长达2厘米，有密集的叶和顶生的莲座状叶丛；叶匙形或线状匙形，长1.5—8厘米，宽0．3—1厘米，下部渐狭长具翅的柄，顶端圆形或微凹，或有小尖头。花茎直立或斜升，纤细，被疏短柔毛，下部有密生的叶。下部叶线状匙形或线形，长1.5一3．5厘米，宽0．2—0．7厘米，基部渐狭，顶端圆形或渐尖；上部叶小，苞叶状；全部叶质较厚，两面被疏短柔毛，有缘毛，中脉与侧脉几平行。头状花序单生，径3—4．5厘米。总苞半球状，径10—15毫米；总苞片约2层，近等长，线状披针形，长7一12毫米，宽1—2毫米，渐细尖，外层全部草质，背面有腺，有短毛或无毛；内层上部草质，边缘宽膜质，背面有腺舌：庆花15—20个，管部长3毫米，舌片紫色，长12—22毫米，宽l一2．5毫米；管部花长约5毫米，管部长1．5毫米，裂片长l毫米；花柱附片长o.5毫米。冠毛2层，白色或稍红色，外层有少数极短的毛；内层长达5毫米，有多数不等长的微糙毛。瘦果长圆形，长几达4毫米，梢扁，下部渐狭，一面有1—2肋，一面有1肋或无肋，被密粗毛。花期5—9月；果期9—10月。
产地分布：产于我国西南部。
本种提示：此种常被列入高山组的异毛亚组subsect．HeterochaetaOnno中，但有具多肋的瘦果和仅具少数短毛的外层冠毛，与异毛亚组的种有明显区别，而似与狗舌紫菀(A．SenecioidesFranch．)；有较密的亲缘关系。
参考文献：Aster batangensis Bur。Et Franch．In Journ．De Bot．5：50，1891．
《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Aster batangensis Bureau & Franchet J. Bot. (Morot). 5: 50. 1891.
巴塘紫菀 ba tang zi wan
Herbs, perennial, 3-15 cm tall, caespitose; rhizome procumbent, caudex thick, branched, woody; taproot thick, woody. Stems ascending, sometimes erect, simple, slender, reddish brown striate, villosulous, sometimes sparsely so, sparsely to densely (distally) minutely stipitate glandular, scapiform. Leaves basal and cauline, both surfaces sparsely strigillose or glabrous or sometimes distally sparsely to moderately strigillose and veins sparsely to densely strigillose, margin entire, strigillose-ciliate, midvein prominent abaxially; basal leaves present at anthesis, marcescent, long winged petiolate (petiole to 2 cm); blade obovate to oblanceolate, 0.2-6 × 0.1-0.9 cm, base attenuate, apex rounded or retuse to obtuse, largest mucronulate; cauline leaves subpetiolate or sessile, narrowly oblong-oblanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 0.9-3.5 × 0.2-0.4(-0.7) cm, abruptly reduced and gradually smaller distally, base cuneate to rounded, apex obtuse to acuminate, mucronulate. Capitula terminal, solitary, 3-4.5 cm in diam. Involucres broadly campanulate, 0.5-1(-1.5) cm in diam.; phyllaries 3-seriate, subequal, spreading to squarrose, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate (some inner phyllaries), 6-12 × 0.5-2 mm, abaxially strigillose, basally more so, or glabrous, minutely stipitate glandular, membranous, margin narrowly to broadly scarious, erose, eciliate, sometimes purplish, few veined, midvein prominent, apex acute to acuminate, tip sometimes purplish. Ray florets 12-26, purple to lavender or lavender-blue, tube ca. 3 mm, lamina 12-22 × 1-2.5 mm, glabrous, eglandular; disk florets yellow to yellow-orange, 4.6-5 mm, tube ca. 1.5 mm, limb narrowly funnelform, 3.2-3.5 mm, base sparsely hairy, lobes spreading, triangular, ca. 1 mm, eglandular. Achenes narrowly obovoid, ± compressed, 3.5-4 mm, strigillose, eglandular, margin 3-ribbed. Pappus 4-seriate, white; outermost series of few white scales 0.5-1 mm; bristles barbellate; outer bristles few, slender, 2-3 mm; inner bristles 4-4.5 mm, acute; innermost bristles faintly reddish, 5-5.5 mm, weakly clavate. Fl. May-Sep, fr. Sep-Oct.
● Forest and thicket margins, open grasslands, meadows, pastures, open slopes, stony or scree slopes, cliff faces, stream banks; 2500-4600 m. SW and W Sichuan, E Xizang, NW Yunnan.