香青Anaphalis sinica Hance

别名：避风草;大毛香;籁箫;簌萧;萩;通肠香;荻;通肠草;翅茎香青;生香青;野艾;大火草;火草;香人艾;通肠青;山荻;清明菜;火绒草;大火蔴;打火草;

科名：菊科 Compositae

属名：香青属 Anaphalis

《中国植物志》第75卷174页
  21. 香青（浙江）通肠香（浙江），萩（尔雅），籁箫（尔雅）
  Anaphalis sinica Hance in Journ. Bot. 12: 261. 184.
  根状茎细或粗壮，木质，有长达8厘米的细匍枝。茎直立，疏散或密集丛生，高20-50厘米，细或粗壮，通常不分枝或在花后及断茎上分枝，被白色或灰白色棉毛，全部有密生的叶。下部叶在下花期枯萎。中部叶长圆形，倒披针长圆形或线形，长2.5-9厘米，宽0.2-1.5厘米，基部渐狭，沿茎下延成狭或稍宽的翅，边缘平，顶端渐尖或急尖，有短小尖头，上部叶较小，披针状线形或线形，全部叶上面被蛛丝状棉毛，或下面或两面被白色或黄白色厚棉毛，在棉毛下常杂有腺毛，有单脉或具侧脉向上渐消失的离基三出脉。莲座状叶被密棉毛，顶端钝或圆形。头状花序多数或极多数，密集成复伞房状或多次复伞房状；花序梗细。总苞钟状或近倒圆锥状，长4-5毫米（稀达6毫米），宽4-6毫米；总苞片6-7层，外层卵圆形，浅褐色，被蛛丝状毛，长2毫米，内层舌状长圆形，长约3.5毫米，宽1-1.2毫米，乳白色或污白色，顶端钝或圆形；最内层较狭，长椭圆形，有长达全长三分之二的爪部；雄株的总苞片常较钝。雌株头状花序有多层雌花，中央有1-4个雄花；雄株头状花托有繸状短毛。花序全部有雄花。花冠长2.8-3毫米。冠毛常较花冠稍长；雄花冠毛上部渐宽扁，有锯齿。瘦果长0.7-1毫米，被小腺点。花期6-9月，果期8-10月。
  产我国北部、中部、东部及南部。生于低山或亚高山灌丛、草地、山坡和溪岸，海拔400-2000米。朝鲜、日本也有分布。
  此种与黄腺香青 A. aureo-punctata Lingelsh et Borza 近似，但植株通常较粗壮高大，叶较密集而不仅密集于茎下部，与黄腺香青 A. aureo-punctata 的区别是总苞较小，总苞片较多层，基部浅褐色或灰褐色，上部椭圆形。本种是东亚的广布种，变异也很大。在我国除下述的变种外，据前人记载 (Borissova, Fl. URSS.25: 366. 1959)，苏联远东地区的另一种香青 A. possietica Komar. 也可能分布于我国东北，但我们尚未见到。这后一种曾被日本学者并入本种。
  此种常被误称为“籁萧”、“萩”。但《尔雅》的籁萧、荻、蓚等，据考证都应为蒿属 Artemisia 植物。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Anaphalis sinica  Hance J. Bot. 12: 261. 1874.
香青   xiang qing
Rhizome slender or thickish, woody, runners ca. 8 cm. Stems laxly or densely caespitose, erect, 20-50 cm, slender or thickish, usually simple or branching after efflorescence or on broken branches, white or ash-gray cottony tomentose, densely leafy. Rosette leaves densely lanate, apex obtuse or rounded. Lower leaves caducous and lost by anthesis; middle leaves oblong, oblanceolate-oblong, or linear, 2.5-9 × 0.2-1.5 cm, base attenuate, decurrent on stem and becoming a narrow or slightly broad wing, margin flat, apex acute, with short and small cusp; upper leaves smaller, lanceolate-linear or linear; all leaves arachnoid lanate, or densely white or yellow-white lanate abaxially or on both surfaces, mixed with glandular hairs, 1- or 3-veined with lateral veins vanishing. Capitula numerous, dense compound corymbiform or polycyclic corymbiform; peduncle slender. Involucre campanulate or almost obconical, 4-5(-6) × 4-6 mm; phyllaries 6- or 7-seriate; outer phyllaries light brownish, oval, ca. 2 mm, arachnoid tomentose; middle ones milky white or dirty white, lingulate-oblong, ca. 3.5 × 1-1.2 mm, apex obtuse or rounded; innermost ones narrower, narrowly elliptic, with a claw ca. 2/3 of full length; phyllaries in male florets usually obtuse. Center of predominantly female capitula with female florets and 1-4 male florets. Corolla 2.8-3 mm. Pappus slightly longer than corolla, incrassate at tip of apex in male florets, serrate. Achene 0.7-1 mm, with small gland. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Aug-Oct.
Low hill or subalpine shrub forests, grasslands, hillsides, slopes, banks, riversides; 400-2100 m. S Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, W Henan, W Hubei, E and S Hunan, S Jiangsu, W Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, NE Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, ?Nepal].
This is a widespread, extremely variable species. It is similar to Anaphalis aureopunctata but differs in being usually taller and more robust and having leaves denser, involucre smaller, and phyllaries more layered with base beige or gray-brown.This is a widespread, extremely variable species. It is similar to Anaphalis aureopunctata but differs in being usually taller and more robust and having leaves denser, involucre smaller, and phyllaries more layered with base beige or gray-brown.

【别名】 五花草、翅茎香青、午香草、通肠香、萩、籁箫、白冷风、白四轮风
【来源】 菊科香青Anaphalis sinica Hance [A. pterocaula （Franch. et Sav.） Maxim.]，以全草入药。
【生境分布】 北部、中部、东部及南部各省区。
【性味】 辛、苦，温。
【功能主治】 解表祛风，消炎止痛，镇咳平喘。
感冒头痛，咳嗽慢性气管炎：全草3钱，水煎服。
急性胃肠炎，痢疾：鲜叶适量，捣烂取汁，开水冲服，或用全草3钱水煎服，但不宜久煎。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》