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尼泊尔香青Anaphalis nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand.-Mazz.

尼泊尔香青Anaphalis nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand.-Mazz.

别名:打火草;火草;尼泊尔籁萧;尼泊尔籁箫;尼泊尔清明草;尼泊尔香清;清明草;

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:香青属 Anaphalis

《中国植物志》第75卷214页
  49. 尼泊尔香青 打火草,图版34: 11-17
  Anaphalis nepalensis (Spreng.) Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 1099. 1936, p. p. et in Act. Hort. Goth. 12: 239. 1938.——Elichrysum nepalense Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 485. 1826.
  多年生草本,根状茎细或稍粗壮,有长达20稀40厘米的细匍枝;匍枝有倒卵形或匙形、长1-2厘米的叶和顶生的莲座状叶丛。茎直立或斜升,高5-45厘米,或无茎,被白色密棉毛,有密或疏生的叶。下部叶在花期生存,稀枯萎,与莲座状叶同形,匙形,倒披针形或长圆披针形,长1-7厘米,宽0.5-2厘米或较大,基部渐狭,边缘平,顶端圆形或急尖;中部叶长圆形或倒披针形,常较狭,基部稍抱茎,不下延,顶端钝或尖,有细长尖头;上部叶渐狭小;或茎短而无中上部叶;全部叶两面或下面被白色棉毛且杂有具柄腺毛,有1脉或离基三出脉。头状花序1或少数,稀较多而疏散伞房状排列;花序梗长0.5-2.5厘米。总苞多少球状,长8-12毫米,宽15-20毫米,较花盘长;总苞片8-9层,在花期放射状开展,外层卵圆状披针形,长3.5-5毫米,除顶端外深褐色;内层披针形,长7-10毫米,宽2.5-3毫米,白色,顶端尖,基部深褐色;最内层线状披针形,长5-8毫米,有长约全长三分之一的爪部。花托蜂窝状。雌株头状花序外围有多层雌花,中央有3-6个雄花;雄株头状花序全部有雄花,或外围有1-3个雌花。雄花花冠长3毫米,雌花花冠长约4毫米。冠毛长约4毫米,在雄花上部稍粗厚,有锯齿。瘦果圆柱形,长1毫米,被微毛……。花期6-9月,果期8-10月。
  广泛产于西藏、甘肃、四川、云南、陕西。也分布于尼泊尔、锡金、不丹、印度。
  尼泊尔香青在西藏民间用为治咳药。在四川俗名清明草。▽茎较粗壮,高30-45厘米;下部叶在花期常枯萎,长圆状披针形,长达10厘米,渐狭成长柄,头状花序8-15个,排列成疏伞房状,花序梗长1-3厘米或总花序梗更长。
形态特征:多年生草本,根状茎细或稍粗壮,有长达20稀40厘米的细匍枝;匍枝有倒卵形或匙形、长1—2厘米的叶和顶生的莲座状叶丛。茎直立或斜升,高5—45厘米,或无茎,被白色密棉毛,有密或疏生的叶。下部叶在花期生存,稀枯萎,与莲座状叶同形,匙形,倒披针形或长圆披针形,长1—7厘米,宽0.5—2厘米或较大,基部渐狭,边缘平,顶端圆形或急尖,中部叶长圆形或倒披针形,常较狭,基部稍抱茎,不下延,顶端钝或尖,有细长尖头;上部叶渐狭小;或茎短而无中上部叶;全部叶两面或下面被白色棉毛且杂有具柄腺毛,有1脉或离基三出脉。头状花序1或少数,稀较多而疏散伞房状排列;花序梗长0.5-2.5厘米。总苞多少球状,长8—12毫米,宽15—20毫米,较花盘长;总苞片8—9层,在花期放射状开展,外层卵圆状披针形,长3.5—5毫米,除顶端外深褐色;内层披针形,长7—10毫米,宽2.5—3毫米,白色,顶端尖,基部深褐色j最内层线状披针形,长5—8毫米,有长约全长三分之一的爪部。花托蜂窝状。雌株头状花序外围有多层雌花,中央有3-6个雄花;雄株头状花序全部有雄花,或外围有1—3个雌花。雄花花冠长3毫米,雌花花冠长约4毫米。冠毛长约4毫米,在雄花上部稍粗厚,有锯齿。瘦果圆柱形,长1毫米,被微毛……。花期6—9月,果期8—10月。
产地分布:广泛产于西藏、甘肃、四川、云南、陕西。也分布于尼泊尔、锡金、不丹、印度。尼泊尔香青在西藏民间用为治咳药。在四川俗名清明草。
参考文献:Anaphalis nepa]ensis(Spreng.)Hand.·Mazz·,Symb.Sin.7:1099.1936, p·p·et in Act.Hort.Goth.12:239.1938~ Elichrysum nepalense Spr· eng·,Syst.Veg.3:485,1826.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Anaphalis nepalensis  (Sprengel) Handel-Mazzetti Symb. Sin. 7: 1099. 1936.
尼泊尔香青   ni bo er xiang qing
Herbs, perennial. Rhizome slender or slightly robust, runners ca. 20 cm, rarely ca. 40 cm; leaves of runner obovate or spatulate, 1-2 cm, with terminal rosette leaves. Stems erect or ascending, 4-45 cm (or plants acaulescent), white tomentose, densely or sparsely leafy. Lower leaves persistent during efflorescence, rarely withered, homomorphic with rosette leaves, spatulate, oblanceolate, or oblong-oblanceolate, 1-7 × 0.5-2 cm or larger, base attenuate, margin flat, apex rounded or acute; middle leaves oblong or oblanceolate, often rather narrow, base amplexicaul, sessile, apex obtuse or acute, with acerose cusp; upper leaves attenuate; or short stems without middle and upper leaves; all leaves white tomentose or cauliferous glandular pilose on both surfaces or abaxially, (1 or)3-veined. Capitula solitary or few, rarely numerous, sparsely corymbiform; peduncle 0.5-2.5 cm. Involucre somewhat spherical, 8-12 × 15-20 mm, exceeding disk; phyllaries 8- or 9-seriate, radiate in efflorescence; outer phyllaries puce except at apex, oval or lanceolate, 3-3.5 mm; middle ones white, lanceolate, 7-10 × 2.5-3 mm, acute at apex; innermost ones linear-lanceolate, 5-8 mm, with a claw ca. 1/3 of full length. Receptacle lacunose. Predominantly female capitula with numerous marginal female florets, center with 3-6 male florets; predominantly male capitula with male florets only, or 1-3 female florets outside. Corolla of male florets ca. 3 mm, ca. 4 mm in female florets. Pappus ca. 4 mm, incrassate at tip of apex in male florets, serrulate. Achenes terete, ca. 1 mm, hirsutulous. Fl. Jun-Sep, fr. Aug-Oct.
Alpine or subalpine grasslands, conifer forests, forest margins, scrub, valleys, riverbanks, river sands, rocks, rock crevices, among lichens on slopes; 2400-4500 m. Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, ?Myanmar, Nepal].

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