大苞鸭跖草Commelina paludosa Bl.
大苞鸭跖草Commelina paludosa Bl.
5.大苞鸭跖草(海南植物志)大鸭跖草,凤眼灵芝,大竹叶菜 图版31: 1-2
Commelina paludosa Bl. , Enum. Pl. Jav. 3. 1827; Bakh f. in Blumea 6: 399. 1950; Rolla Rao in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 25: 181. 1964; Hong in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 12 (4): 481. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 403. 图7636. 1975; 海南植物志4: 78. 1977. ——C. obliqua Buch. -Ham. ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nep al, 45. 1825, non Vahl (1806) ; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. 3: 178. 1881. ; N. E. Brown in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot: 36: 157. 1903.
多年生粗壮大草本。茎常直立,有时基部节上生根,高达1米,不分枝或有时上部分枝,无毛或疏生短毛(幼时一侧被一列棕色柔毛)。叶无柄;叶片披针形至卵状披针形,长7-20厘米,宽2-7厘米,顶端渐尖,两面无毛或有时上面生粒状毛而下面相当密地被细长硬毛;叶鞘长1.8-3厘米,通常在口沿及一侧密生棕色长刚毛,但有时几乎无毛,仅口沿有几根毛,也有的全面被细长硬毛。总苞片漏斗状,长约2厘米,宽1.5-2厘米,无毛,无柄,常数个(4-10)在茎顶端集成状头,下缘合生,上缘急尖或短急尖;蝎尾状聚伞花序有花数朵,几不伸出,具长约1.2厘米的花序梗。花梗短,长约7毫米,折曲;萼片膜质,长3-6毫米,披针形;花瓣蓝色,匙形或倒卵状圆形,长5-8毫米,宽4毫米,内面2枚具爪。蒴果卵球状三棱形,3室,3爿裂,每室有1颗种子,长4毫米。种子椭圆状,黑褐色,腹面稍压扁,长约3.5毫米,具细网纹。花期8-10月,果期10月至次年4月。
产西藏南部(墨脱)、云南(贡山独龙江、福贡、邓川、漾濞、保山、凤庆、景东、思茅、西双版纳、沧源、绿春、金平、屏边、河口、西畴、麻栗坡、富宁)、四川(木里、米易、马边、峨眉山、乐山、雷波、屏山)、贵州(册亨)、广西(东兴、大青山、扶绥、隆林、田林、靖西、梧州、大苗山、天峨、宁明、平南、浦北、容县天堂山、岭溪、昭平、大瑶山、平乐、贺县、恭城、临桂、桂林雁山、龙胜、三江)、湖南南部、江西(龙南)、广东、福建(南平、武平、德化、仙游、漳平、南靖、龙岩、福州鼓山)和台湾。生于海拔2 800米以下的林下及山谷溪边。尼泊尔、印度至印度尼西亚也有分布。模式标本采自印度尼西亚爪哇。
可供药用。
本种易于与别种相区别,植株高大,茎粗壮,基部直径达7毫米,大都直立,有的茎基部倾斜而节上生根;多个大的漏斗状总苞片簇生,集成头状。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 24 (2000)
Commelina paludosa Blume
大苞鸭跖草 da bao ya zhi cao
Commelina obliqua Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don.
Herbs perennial. Stems often erect, simple or sometimes branched distally, to 1 m, glabrous or sparsely hispidulous. Leaves sessile; leaf sheath densely brown hispid at mouth and in a line on 1 side, sometimes either glabrous with only a few hairs at mouth or hirsute throughout; leaf blade lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 7--20 × 2--7 cm, glabrous on both surfaces or adaxially granular hairy and abaxially hirsute. Involucral bracts often 4--10, forming terminal heads, sessile, funnelform, ca. 2 × 1.5--2 cm, glabrous, proximal margins connate, apex acute or shortly so. Cincinnus 1; peduncle ca. 1.2 cm; flowers 1 to several, nearly included in involucral bracts; pedicels ca. 7 mm, twisted. Sepals 3--6 mm, membranous. Petals blue, 4.5--8 mm. Capsule ovoid-globose, trigonous, ca. 4 mm, 3-valved. Seeds 1 per valve, dark brown, ellipsoid, ca. 3.5 mm, slightly flattened, finely reticulate. Fl. Aug--Oct, fr. Oct--Apr.
Forests, streamsides in ravines; near sea level to 2800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Guizhou (Ceheng Xian), S Hunan, SW Jiangxi (Longnan Xian), SW Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Xizang (Mêdog Xian), Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam].
别名:大苍鸭跖草;大叶鸭跖草;七节风;斜叶鸭跖草;凤眼灵芝;大竹叶菜;大鸭跖草;大苞鸭趾草;大苞地地藕;大包鸭跖草;
科名:鸭跖草科 Commelinaceae
属名:鸭跖草属 Commelina
《中国植物志》第13(3)卷129页
5.大苞鸭跖草(海南植物志)大鸭跖草,凤眼灵芝,大竹叶菜 图版31: 1-2
Commelina paludosa Bl. , Enum. Pl. Jav. 3. 1827; Bakh f. in Blumea 6: 399. 1950; Rolla Rao in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 25: 181. 1964; Hong in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 12 (4): 481. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 403. 图7636. 1975; 海南植物志4: 78. 1977. ——C. obliqua Buch. -Ham. ex D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nep al, 45. 1825, non Vahl (1806) ; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. 3: 178. 1881. ; N. E. Brown in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot: 36: 157. 1903.
多年生粗壮大草本。茎常直立,有时基部节上生根,高达1米,不分枝或有时上部分枝,无毛或疏生短毛(幼时一侧被一列棕色柔毛)。叶无柄;叶片披针形至卵状披针形,长7-20厘米,宽2-7厘米,顶端渐尖,两面无毛或有时上面生粒状毛而下面相当密地被细长硬毛;叶鞘长1.8-3厘米,通常在口沿及一侧密生棕色长刚毛,但有时几乎无毛,仅口沿有几根毛,也有的全面被细长硬毛。总苞片漏斗状,长约2厘米,宽1.5-2厘米,无毛,无柄,常数个(4-10)在茎顶端集成状头,下缘合生,上缘急尖或短急尖;蝎尾状聚伞花序有花数朵,几不伸出,具长约1.2厘米的花序梗。花梗短,长约7毫米,折曲;萼片膜质,长3-6毫米,披针形;花瓣蓝色,匙形或倒卵状圆形,长5-8毫米,宽4毫米,内面2枚具爪。蒴果卵球状三棱形,3室,3爿裂,每室有1颗种子,长4毫米。种子椭圆状,黑褐色,腹面稍压扁,长约3.5毫米,具细网纹。花期8-10月,果期10月至次年4月。
产西藏南部(墨脱)、云南(贡山独龙江、福贡、邓川、漾濞、保山、凤庆、景东、思茅、西双版纳、沧源、绿春、金平、屏边、河口、西畴、麻栗坡、富宁)、四川(木里、米易、马边、峨眉山、乐山、雷波、屏山)、贵州(册亨)、广西(东兴、大青山、扶绥、隆林、田林、靖西、梧州、大苗山、天峨、宁明、平南、浦北、容县天堂山、岭溪、昭平、大瑶山、平乐、贺县、恭城、临桂、桂林雁山、龙胜、三江)、湖南南部、江西(龙南)、广东、福建(南平、武平、德化、仙游、漳平、南靖、龙岩、福州鼓山)和台湾。生于海拔2 800米以下的林下及山谷溪边。尼泊尔、印度至印度尼西亚也有分布。模式标本采自印度尼西亚爪哇。
可供药用。
本种易于与别种相区别,植株高大,茎粗壮,基部直径达7毫米,大都直立,有的茎基部倾斜而节上生根;多个大的漏斗状总苞片簇生,集成头状。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 24 (2000)
Commelina paludosa Blume
大苞鸭跖草 da bao ya zhi cao
Commelina obliqua Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don.
Herbs perennial. Stems often erect, simple or sometimes branched distally, to 1 m, glabrous or sparsely hispidulous. Leaves sessile; leaf sheath densely brown hispid at mouth and in a line on 1 side, sometimes either glabrous with only a few hairs at mouth or hirsute throughout; leaf blade lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 7--20 × 2--7 cm, glabrous on both surfaces or adaxially granular hairy and abaxially hirsute. Involucral bracts often 4--10, forming terminal heads, sessile, funnelform, ca. 2 × 1.5--2 cm, glabrous, proximal margins connate, apex acute or shortly so. Cincinnus 1; peduncle ca. 1.2 cm; flowers 1 to several, nearly included in involucral bracts; pedicels ca. 7 mm, twisted. Sepals 3--6 mm, membranous. Petals blue, 4.5--8 mm. Capsule ovoid-globose, trigonous, ca. 4 mm, 3-valved. Seeds 1 per valve, dark brown, ellipsoid, ca. 3.5 mm, slightly flattened, finely reticulate. Fl. Aug--Oct, fr. Oct--Apr.
Forests, streamsides in ravines; near sea level to 2800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Guizhou (Ceheng Xian), S Hunan, SW Jiangxi (Longnan Xian), SW Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Xizang (Mêdog Xian), Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam].