荚蒾Viburnum dilatatum Thunb.

别名：荚迷;挈檀;孩儿拳头;孩儿拳;对节子;山梨儿;[軗/木]迷;羿先;糯米子;土兰条;红楂梅;火柴果;乌酸木;酸汤杆;酸梅子;酒籽;土栾条;招果;猪婆子藤;野花绣球;糯米条;糯米树;苦柴子;酒子;酸汤汗;linden arrowwood;

科名：忍冬科 Caprifoliaceae

属名：荚蒾属 Viburnum

《中国植物志》第72卷088页
  63. 荚蒾（习惯用名）
  Viburnum dilatatum Thunb. Fl. Jap. 124. 1784; Chun in Sunyatsenia 4: 263. 1940; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 319, 图6052. 1975. ——V. erosum Thunb. var. hirsutum Pamp. in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 17: 726. 1910. ——V. dilatatum Thunb. var. macrophyllum Hsu in Acta Phytotax. Sinica 11 (1): 78. 1966, syn. nov.
种中文名：荚蒾
种拉丁名：Viburnum dilatatum Thunb.
科中文名：忍冬科
科拉丁名：Caprifoliaceae
属中文名：荚蒾属
属拉丁名：Viburnum
国内分布：河北南部、陕西南部、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、河南南部、湖北、湖南、广东北部、广西北部、四川、贵州及云南（保山）
海    拔：100-1000
命名来源：[Flora Japonica, . . . 124 1784]

【药 名】：荚蒾

【拼 音】：JIAMI

【来 源】：为双子叶植物药双子叶植物药忍冬科植物荚蒾的茎、叶。

【功 效】：下气，消谷，杀蛔。

【主 治】：治小儿疳积。

【性味归经】：《唐本草》：“甘苦，平，无毒。”入脾经。

【用法用量】：内服：煎汤，0.5～1两。

【别 名】：罄迷、挈橀(陆玑《诗疏》)、羿先、孩儿拳头(《救荒本草》)

【药用部位】：本植物的果实(荚蒾子)亦供药用，另详专条。

【动植物资源分布】：分布江苏、浙江、山东、河南、陕西、山西、江西、湖北、福建等地。

【药材的采收与储藏】：春、夏采收。

【拉丁名】：Viburnum dilatatumThunb.

【考 证】：出自《唐本草》①《唐本草》：“荚蒾，叶似木槿及似榆，作小树。其子如溲疏，两两为并，四四相对，而色赤，味甘。檀、榆之类也。”②《本草拾遗》“荚蒾，主六畜疮中蛆，煮汁作粥灌之，蛆立出。皮堪为索。生北土山林间。”

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Viburnum dilatatum  Thunberg in Murray Syst. Veg., ed. 14. 295. 1784.
荚蒾   jia mi
Viburnum brevipes Rehder; V. dilatatum var. fulvotomentosum (P. S. Hsu) P. S. Hsu; V. dilatatum var. macrophyllum P. S. Hsu; V. fulvotomentosum P. S. Hsu.
Shrubs, deciduous, to 5 m tall. Bark light brown. Branchlets of current year grayish brown, densely bristlelike hairy and stellate-pubescent; branchlets of previous year dark purple-brown, terete, sparsely hairy or subglabrous, with dispersed, small, rounded lenticels. Winter buds ovoid, 3-5 mm, acute, with 2 pairs of separate scales; scales densely bristlelike hairy and stellate-pubescent. Leaves always opposite, not clustered at apices of branchlets; stipules absent; petiole green, robust, (2-) 10-30 mm, stellate pubescent or simple hairs less than 1 mm; leaf blade green when young, broadly obovate, obovate, or broadly ovate, 3-10(-13) × 2-7(-11) cm, papery, abaxially yellowish forklike pubescent and stellate-pubescent, usually with dispersed yellowish or nearly colorless transparent glandular dots, adaxially adpressed hairy, midvein raised abaxially, lateral veins 6-8-jugate, pinnate, straight or slightly arched, branched, ending in teeth, conspicuously raised abaxially, impressed adaxially, veinlets transverse, slightly raised abaxially, impressed adaxially, not lobed, base rounded to obtuse or slightly cordate, sometimes cuneate, with 1-3 circular glands on both sides of midvein near base, margin serrate, apex acute. Flowers appearing after leaves; inflorescence a compound umbel-like cyme, at apices of short branchlets with a pair of leaves, 4-10 cm in diam.; rays whorled; first node of inflorescence with 5 rays, dense, densely bristlelike hairy and stellate-pubescent, without large sterile radiant flowers; peduncles 1-2(-4) cm; bracts and bracteoles deciduous, leaflike, green, lanceolate, hairy. Flowers on rays of 3rd and 4th orders, fragrant, shortly pedicellate or sessile. Calyx green; tube narrowly tubular, ca. 1 mm, stellate-pubescent; lobes ovate, ca. 0.5 mm, ciliate, apex obtuse. Corolla white, rotate, 5-8 mm in diam., stellate-pubescent; tube ca. 1.5 mm; lobes spreading, orbicular-ovate, 1.5-2.5 mm, ca. as long as wide, apex rounded, margin entire. Stamens conspicuously exceeding corolla, inserted at base of corolla; filaments 4-6 mm; anthers yellow-whitish, broadly elliptic, small, ca. 1 mm. Styles exceeding calyx lobes; stigmas 3-lobed. Fruit maturing red, ellipsoid-ovoid, 6-8 × 4.5-6.5 mm, base rounded, apex rounded, glabrous; pyrenes compressed, ovoid, 5-6 × 4-5 mm, with 2 shallow dorsal grooves, and 3 shallow ventral grooves, apex rounded. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Sep-Nov. 2n = 18*.
Sparse forests, forest margins, scrub; 100-1000 m. Anhui, Fujian, N Guangdong, N Guangxi, Guizhou, S Hebei, S Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].

《全国中草药汇编》:荚蒾

【拼音名】 Jiá Mí
【别名】 酸汤杆、苦柴子
【来源】 忍冬科荚蒾属植物荚蒾Viburnum dilatatum Thunb.，以根、枝、叶入药。夏秋采集，晒干或鲜用。
【性味】 枝、叶：酸，微寒。
根：辛、涩，微寒。
【功能主治】 枝、叶：清热解毒，疏风解表。用于疔疮发热，风热感冒；外用治过敏性皮炎。
根：祛瘀消肿。用于淋巴结炎（丝虫病引起），跌打损伤。
【用法用量】 枝、叶：0.5～1两；外用适量，煎水温洗患处。根：0.5～1两，水煎或水酒各半煎服。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》