鹅耳枥Carpinus turczaninowii Hance

别名：穗子榆;山榆;丝榆;半拉子;见风干;杜氏鹅耳枥;见风乾;老牛筋;牛筋子;千金榆;石榆子柴;周氏鹅耳枥;鹅耳栎;梭子木;麦桑;铁匠木;北鹅耳枥;芝麻栎;小叶鹅耳枥;土姜树;土姜;土江树;湿榆;鹅耳杨;

科名：桦木科 Betulaceae

属名：鹅耳枥属 Carpinus

《中国植物志》第21卷071页
  9.鹅耳枥（中国树木分类学）穗子榆（河南）
  Carpinus turczaninowii Hance in Journ. Linn. Soc, Bot. 1-0: 203. 1869; Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 13: 203. 1899; exclud. specim. Fargesii; Burk. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 502. 1899, exclud. specim. Fargesii; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 4: 150. 1923; Schneid., Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 895. fig. 558 h-i. 559 t-u. 1904. et in Sarg., Pl. Wils. 2: 439. 1916;胡先骕, 中国植物图谱3: 图版116. 1933.中国森林树木图志135.图版51. 1948;周汉藩, 河北习见树木图说102.图版34. 1934; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学163. 1937; 刘慎谔, 东北木本植物图志211.图版78.图116. 1955; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 401. 图802. 1972; 秦岭植物志 1 (2): 65. 图55. 1974. ——Carpinus paxii H. Winkl. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 19 (IV-61): 35. fig. 10. A-C. 1904. ——Carpinus chowii Hu in Journ. Arn. Arb. 13: 334. 1932. ——Carpinus turczaninowii Hance var. chungnanensis P. C. Kuo, 秦岭植物志1 (2): 66. 图56. 1974.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Carpinus turczaninowii  Hance
鹅耳枥   e er li
Carpinus chowii Hu; C. tuczaninowii var. chungnanensis P. C. Kuo.
Trees 10-15 m tall; bark dark gray. Branchlets gray-brown, slender, pubescent when young, glabrescent. Petiole 4-10 mm, sparsely pubescent; leaf blade ovate, broadly ovate, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-rhombic, rarely ovate-lanceolate, 2-6 × 1.3-4 cm, abaxially sparsely villous along veins, bearded in axils of lateral veins, adaxially glabrous or sparsely villous along midvein, base subrounded or broadly cuneate, rarely subcordate or cuneate, margin regularly or irregularly doubly serrate, rarely simply serrate, apex acute or acuminate; lateral veins 8-12 on each side of midvein. Female inflorescence 3-6 cm; bracts semiovate, semioblong, or broadly semiovate, 6-20 × 4-10 mm, sparsely pubescent, outer margin irregularly incised-dentate, sometimes lobulate, without basal lobe, inner margin entire or remotely minutely dentate, with ovate, inflexed basal lobe 2-3 mm, apex acute, acuminate, or obtuse; veins 5, reticulate veins prominent. Nutlet broadly ovoid, ca. 3 × 2 mm, glabrous except sparsely villous at apex, resinous glandular, prominently ribbed. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jul-Sep.
Temperate forests; 500-2400 m. Beijing Shi (Jinshan), S Gansu, Henan, Jiangsu, S Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong [Japan, Korea]
The wood is very hard, dense, close grained, and fine textured, and is used for making agricultural tools and furniture.