刺黄花Berberis polyantha Hemsl.
刺黄花Berberis polyantha Hemsl.
209．刺黄花
Berberis polyantha Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. SOe. Bot. 29: 302, 1892; Schneid in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 1: 376, 1913; Ahrendt in Journ. R. Hort. Soc. 79: 190, Fig. 3, Apr. 1954; et in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 57: 201, 1961;中国药用植物志, 8: 图359, 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 774, 图1548, 1972; 西藏植物志2: 127, 1985.
半常绿灌木，高一般1.5-2米，可达4.5米。老枝灰褐色，具槽和稀疏疣点；茎刺通常单生，偶三分叉，长1-3厘米。叶革质，长圆状倒卵形或倒卵形，长0.8-4.5厘米，宽0.5-1.7厘米，先端圆形，基部楔形，上面亮暗绿色，中脉扁平或凹陷，背面淡绿色，不被白粉，中脉隆起，两面网脉细密，显著隆起，叶缘平展，每边具3-10刺齿，有时全缘；叶近无柄。圆锥花序具30-100朵花，分枝多而钭升，长6-14厘米，包括总梗长0.3-2厘米，无毛；花梗长2-4毫米，无毛；苞片长1.5-2.5毫米；花黄色；小苞片三角形，长1-1.5毫米；萼片2轮，外萼片卵形，长3.5毫米，宽约2毫米，先端急尖，内萼片倒卵形，长4.5-6.5毫米，宽2.5-3毫米；花瓣倒卵形，长3.5-4毫米，宽约2毫米，先端锐裂，裂片急尖，基部缢缩呈爪，具2枚分离的长圆形腺体；雄蕊长约3毫米，药隔延伸，先端钝形；胚珠2枚，近无柄。浆果狭卵形，长7-8毫米，直径3-4毫米，暗红色或暗红棕色，顶端具长达1.5毫米的宿存花柱，被白粉。种子紫色。花期5-7月，果期8-10月。
产于四川、西藏。生于向阳山坡、灌丛中、路边、林缘、草坡、林中或河谷两岸。海拔2000-3600米。模式标本采自四川康定附近。
川西地区民间用作黄连代用品，用根煮水吃去火，或用于洗眼治眼病等。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Berberis polyantha Hemsley J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 29: 302. 1892.
刺黄花 ci huang hua
Shrubs, semi-evergreen, 1.5-2(-4.5) m tall. Branches grayish brown, sulcate, sparsely verruculose; spines simple, occasionally 3-fid, 1-3 cm. Leaves subsessile; leaf blade abaxially pale green, adaxially shiny, dark green, oblong-obovate or obovate, 0.8-4.5 × 0.5-1.7 cm, leathery, abaxially not pruinose, midvein raised, adaxially with flat or impressed midvein, both surfaces with obviously raised close reticulate veins, base cuneate, margin 3-10-spinose-serrate on each side, sometimes entire, apex rounded. Inflorescence a panicle, broad and much branched, 30-100-flowered, 5-15 cm including peduncle 0.3-2 cm, glabrous; bracts 1.5-2.5 mm. Pedicels 2-4 mm, glabrous; bractlets triangular, 1-1.5 mm. Sepals in 2 whorls; outer sepals ovate, ca. 3.5 × 2 mm, apex acute; inner sepals obovate, 4.5-6.5 × 2.5-3 mm. Petals obovate, 3.5-4 × ca. 2 mm, base clawed, with separate oblong glands, apex incised, lobes acute. Stamens ca. 3 mm; anther connective prolonged, obtuse. Ovules 2, subsessile. Berry dark red or dark reddish brown, narrowly ovoid, 7-8 × 3-4 mm, pruinose, style conspicuous, to 1.5 mm; seeds purple. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct.
● Sunny slopes, thickets, forests, forest margins, roadsides, grassy slopes; 2000-3600 m. Sichuan, Xizang.
别名：刺黄芩;三颗针;
科名：小檗科 Berberidaceae
属名：小檗属 Berberis
209．刺黄花
Berberis polyantha Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. SOe. Bot. 29: 302, 1892; Schneid in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 1: 376, 1913; Ahrendt in Journ. R. Hort. Soc. 79: 190, Fig. 3, Apr. 1954; et in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 57: 201, 1961;中国药用植物志, 8: 图359, 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 774, 图1548, 1972; 西藏植物志2: 127, 1985.
半常绿灌木，高一般1.5-2米，可达4.5米。老枝灰褐色，具槽和稀疏疣点；茎刺通常单生，偶三分叉，长1-3厘米。叶革质，长圆状倒卵形或倒卵形，长0.8-4.5厘米，宽0.5-1.7厘米，先端圆形，基部楔形，上面亮暗绿色，中脉扁平或凹陷，背面淡绿色，不被白粉，中脉隆起，两面网脉细密，显著隆起，叶缘平展，每边具3-10刺齿，有时全缘；叶近无柄。圆锥花序具30-100朵花，分枝多而钭升，长6-14厘米，包括总梗长0.3-2厘米，无毛；花梗长2-4毫米，无毛；苞片长1.5-2.5毫米；花黄色；小苞片三角形，长1-1.5毫米；萼片2轮，外萼片卵形，长3.5毫米，宽约2毫米，先端急尖，内萼片倒卵形，长4.5-6.5毫米，宽2.5-3毫米；花瓣倒卵形，长3.5-4毫米，宽约2毫米，先端锐裂，裂片急尖，基部缢缩呈爪，具2枚分离的长圆形腺体；雄蕊长约3毫米，药隔延伸，先端钝形；胚珠2枚，近无柄。浆果狭卵形，长7-8毫米，直径3-4毫米，暗红色或暗红棕色，顶端具长达1.5毫米的宿存花柱，被白粉。种子紫色。花期5-7月，果期8-10月。
产于四川、西藏。生于向阳山坡、灌丛中、路边、林缘、草坡、林中或河谷两岸。海拔2000-3600米。模式标本采自四川康定附近。
川西地区民间用作黄连代用品，用根煮水吃去火，或用于洗眼治眼病等。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Berberis polyantha Hemsley J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 29: 302. 1892.
刺黄花 ci huang hua
Shrubs, semi-evergreen, 1.5-2(-4.5) m tall. Branches grayish brown, sulcate, sparsely verruculose; spines simple, occasionally 3-fid, 1-3 cm. Leaves subsessile; leaf blade abaxially pale green, adaxially shiny, dark green, oblong-obovate or obovate, 0.8-4.5 × 0.5-1.7 cm, leathery, abaxially not pruinose, midvein raised, adaxially with flat or impressed midvein, both surfaces with obviously raised close reticulate veins, base cuneate, margin 3-10-spinose-serrate on each side, sometimes entire, apex rounded. Inflorescence a panicle, broad and much branched, 30-100-flowered, 5-15 cm including peduncle 0.3-2 cm, glabrous; bracts 1.5-2.5 mm. Pedicels 2-4 mm, glabrous; bractlets triangular, 1-1.5 mm. Sepals in 2 whorls; outer sepals ovate, ca. 3.5 × 2 mm, apex acute; inner sepals obovate, 4.5-6.5 × 2.5-3 mm. Petals obovate, 3.5-4 × ca. 2 mm, base clawed, with separate oblong glands, apex incised, lobes acute. Stamens ca. 3 mm; anther connective prolonged, obtuse. Ovules 2, subsessile. Berry dark red or dark reddish brown, narrowly ovoid, 7-8 × 3-4 mm, pruinose, style conspicuous, to 1.5 mm; seeds purple. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct.
● Sunny slopes, thickets, forests, forest margins, roadsides, grassy slopes; 2000-3600 m. Sichuan, Xizang.