首阳小檗Berberis dielsiana Fedde
首阳小檗Berberis dielsiana Fedde
192.首阳小檗（中国高等植物图鉴）黄檗刺（秦岭植物志）
Berberis dielsiana Fedde in Engl. S Bot. Jahrb. 36 (Beibl. 82) : 41, 1905; Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 3: 441, 1917; Ahrendt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bof. 57: 183, 1961; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 172, 图1543, 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2) : 322, 图274, 1974; 河南植物志1: 492, 图630, 1981.
落叶灌木，高1-3米。老枝灰褐色，具棱槽，疏生疣点，幼枝紫红色；茎刺单一，圆柱形，长3-15毫米，幼枝刺长达2.5厘米；叶薄纸质，椭圆形或椭圆状披针形，长4-9厘米，宽1-2厘米，先端渐尖或急尖，基部渐狭，上面暗绿色，中脉扁平，侧脉 不显，背面初时灰色，微被白粉，后呈绿色，中脉微隆起，侧脉微显，两面无网脉，无毛，叶缘平展，每边具8-20刺齿，幼枝叶全缘；叶柄长约1厘米。总状花序具6-20朵花，长5-6厘米，包括总梗长4-15毫米，偶有簇生花1-数朵，无毛；花梗长3-5毫米，无毛；花黄色；小苞片披针形，红色，长2-2.5毫米，宽约0.7毫米；萼片2轮，外萼片长圆状卵形，长2-2.5毫米，宽约0.8-1毫米，先端急尖，内萼片倒卵形，长4-4.5毫米，宽约3毫米；花瓣椭圆形，长5-5.5毫米，宽约3毫米，先端缺裂，基部具2枚分离腺体；雄蕊长约3毫米，药隔不延伸，先端平截；胚珠2枚。浆果长圆形，红色，长8-9毫米，直径4-5毫米，顶端不具宿存花柱，不被白粉。花期4-5月，果期8-9月。
产于陕西、河南、河北、甘肃、山西、山东、湖北。生于山坡、山谷灌丛中、山沟溪旁或林中。海拔600-2300米。模式标本采自陕西户县甘峪河。
根可入药，有清热、退火、抗菌的功效。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Berberis dielsiana Fedde Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36(Beibl. 82): 41. 1905.
首阳小檗 shou yang xiao bo
Shrubs, deciduous, 1-3 m tall. Branches grayish brown, sulcate, sparsely verruculose; shoots purplish red; spines simple, terete, 3-15 mm, but spines on shoots to 2.5 cm. Petiole ca. 1 cm; leaf blade abaxially initially gray, ultimately green, adaxially dark green, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 4-9 × 1-2 cm, thinly papery, both surfaces glabrous, abaxially initially slightly pruinose, midvein slightly raised, lateral veins visible, adaxially with flat midvein, lateral veins inconspicuous, both surfaces not reticulate, base attenuate, margin 8-20-spinose-serrate on each side, but on shoots margin entire, apex acuminate or acute. Inflorescence a raceme, 6-20-flowered, 5-6 cm including peduncle 0.4-1.5 cm, sometimes compound below, glabrous. Pedicels 3-5 mm, glabrous; bractlets red, lanceolate, 2-2.5 × ca. 0.7 mm. Sepals in 2 whorls; outer sepals oblong-ovate, 2-2.5 × 0.8-1 mm, apex acute; inner sepals obovate, 4-4.5 × ca. 3 mm. Petals elliptic, 5-5.5 × ca. 3 mm, base with separate glands, apex emarginate. Stamens ca. 3 mm; anther connective not prolonged, truncate. Ovules 2. Berry red, oblong, 8-9 × 4-5 mm, not pruinose, style not persistent. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Aug-Sep.
● Slopes, forests, thickets, streamsides; 600-2300 m. Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi.
别名：黄蘗刺;大黄连;黄柏;酸不酱;黄檗刺;黄菜;黄刺檗;黄皮针刺;第氏小蘗;长穗小檗;狄氏小蘖;黄蘗;黄刺;黄皮刺;刺黄檗;黄檗;首阳小蘖;
科名：小檗科 Berberidaceae
属名：小檗属 Berberis
192.首阳小檗（中国高等植物图鉴）黄檗刺（秦岭植物志）
Berberis dielsiana Fedde in Engl. S Bot. Jahrb. 36 (Beibl. 82) : 41, 1905; Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 3: 441, 1917; Ahrendt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bof. 57: 183, 1961; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 172, 图1543, 1972; 秦岭植物志1 (2) : 322, 图274, 1974; 河南植物志1: 492, 图630, 1981.
落叶灌木，高1-3米。老枝灰褐色，具棱槽，疏生疣点，幼枝紫红色；茎刺单一，圆柱形，长3-15毫米，幼枝刺长达2.5厘米；叶薄纸质，椭圆形或椭圆状披针形，长4-9厘米，宽1-2厘米，先端渐尖或急尖，基部渐狭，上面暗绿色，中脉扁平，侧脉 不显，背面初时灰色，微被白粉，后呈绿色，中脉微隆起，侧脉微显，两面无网脉，无毛，叶缘平展，每边具8-20刺齿，幼枝叶全缘；叶柄长约1厘米。总状花序具6-20朵花，长5-6厘米，包括总梗长4-15毫米，偶有簇生花1-数朵，无毛；花梗长3-5毫米，无毛；花黄色；小苞片披针形，红色，长2-2.5毫米，宽约0.7毫米；萼片2轮，外萼片长圆状卵形，长2-2.5毫米，宽约0.8-1毫米，先端急尖，内萼片倒卵形，长4-4.5毫米，宽约3毫米；花瓣椭圆形，长5-5.5毫米，宽约3毫米，先端缺裂，基部具2枚分离腺体；雄蕊长约3毫米，药隔不延伸，先端平截；胚珠2枚。浆果长圆形，红色，长8-9毫米，直径4-5毫米，顶端不具宿存花柱，不被白粉。花期4-5月，果期8-9月。
产于陕西、河南、河北、甘肃、山西、山东、湖北。生于山坡、山谷灌丛中、山沟溪旁或林中。海拔600-2300米。模式标本采自陕西户县甘峪河。
根可入药，有清热、退火、抗菌的功效。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Berberis dielsiana Fedde Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36(Beibl. 82): 41. 1905.
首阳小檗 shou yang xiao bo
Shrubs, deciduous, 1-3 m tall. Branches grayish brown, sulcate, sparsely verruculose; shoots purplish red; spines simple, terete, 3-15 mm, but spines on shoots to 2.5 cm. Petiole ca. 1 cm; leaf blade abaxially initially gray, ultimately green, adaxially dark green, elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 4-9 × 1-2 cm, thinly papery, both surfaces glabrous, abaxially initially slightly pruinose, midvein slightly raised, lateral veins visible, adaxially with flat midvein, lateral veins inconspicuous, both surfaces not reticulate, base attenuate, margin 8-20-spinose-serrate on each side, but on shoots margin entire, apex acuminate or acute. Inflorescence a raceme, 6-20-flowered, 5-6 cm including peduncle 0.4-1.5 cm, sometimes compound below, glabrous. Pedicels 3-5 mm, glabrous; bractlets red, lanceolate, 2-2.5 × ca. 0.7 mm. Sepals in 2 whorls; outer sepals oblong-ovate, 2-2.5 × 0.8-1 mm, apex acute; inner sepals obovate, 4-4.5 × ca. 3 mm. Petals elliptic, 5-5.5 × ca. 3 mm, base with separate glands, apex emarginate. Stamens ca. 3 mm; anther connective not prolonged, truncate. Ovules 2. Berry red, oblong, 8-9 × 4-5 mm, not pruinose, style not persistent. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Aug-Sep.
● Slopes, forests, thickets, streamsides; 600-2300 m. Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi.