直穗小檗Berberis dasystachya Maxim.
直穗小檗Berberis dasystachya Maxim.
176．直穗小檗
Berberis dasystachya Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.-Petersb. 23: 308, 1877;Fedde in Bot. Jahrb. 36 (Beibl 82) : 43, 1905; Schneid. in Bull. Herb. Boissier, (2) , 8: 262, 1908; Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 3: 442, 1917; Ahrendt inJourn. Linn. Soc. Bot. 57: 1 84, 1961; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 323, 1974;湖北植物志1: 387, 图546, 1976; 河南植物志1: 493, 图632, 1981. ——B. dolichobotrys Fedde in Bot Jahrb. 36 (Beibl. 82) : 41, 1901, syn nov.——B. kansuensis var. procera Ahrendt in Journ. Linn. SOe. Bot. 57: 1 83, 1961, syn. nov.
落叶灌木，高2-3米。老枝圆柱形，黄褐色，具稀疏小疣点，幼枝紫红色；茎刺单一，长5-15毫米，有时缺如或偶有三分叉，长达4厘米。叶纸质，叶片长圆状椭圆形、宽椭圆形或近圆形、长3-6厘米，宽2.5-4厘米，先端钝圆，基部骤缩，稍下延，呈楔形、圆形或心形，上面暗黄绿色，中脉和侧脉微隆起，背面黄绿色，中脉明显隆起，不被白粉，两面网脉显著，无毛，叶缘平展，每边具25-50细小刺齿；叶柄长1-4厘米。总状花序直立，具15-30朵花，长4-7厘米，包括总梗长1-2厘米，无毛；花梗4-7毫米；花黄色；小苞片披针形，长约2毫米，宽约0.5毫米，萼片2轮，外萼片披针形，长约3.5毫米，宽约2毫米，内萼片倒卵形，长约5毫米，宽约3毫米，基部稍呈爪；花瓣倒卵形，长约4毫米，宽约2.5毫米，先端全缘，基部缢缩呈爪，具2枚分离长圆状椭圆形腺体；雄蕊长约2.5毫米，药隔先端不延伸，平截；胚珠1-2枚。浆果椭圆形，长6-7毫米，直径5-5.5毫米，红色，顶端无宿存花柱，不被白粉。花期4-6月，果期6-9月。
产于甘肃、宁夏、青海、湖北、陕西、四川、河南、河北、山西。生于向阳山地灌丛中、山谷溪旁、林缘、林下、草丛中。海拔800-3400米。模式标本采自甘肃。
根皮及茎皮含小檗碱，可供药用。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Berberis dasystachya Maximowicz Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg. 23: 308. 1877.
直穗小檗 zhi sui xiao bo
Berberis dolichobotrys Fedde; B. kansuensis C. K. Schneider var. procera Ahrendt.
Shrubs, deciduous, 2-3 m tall. Branches yellow-brown, terete, very sparsely verruculose; shoots purplish red; spines simple, 5-15 mm, sometimes absent or occasionally 3-fid, to 4 cm. Petiole 1-4 cm; leaf blade abaxially yellow-green, adaxially dark yellow-green, oblong-elliptic, broadly elliptic, or suborbicular, 3-6 × 2.5-4 cm, papery, abaxially glabrous, not pruinose, midvein obviously raised, adaxially with slightly raised midvein and lateral veins, base cuneate, rounded, or cordate, margin 25-50-spinulose-serrulate on each side, apex rounded, obtuse. Inflorescence a raceme, erect, 15-30-flowered, 4-7 cm including peduncle 1-2 cm, glabrous. Pedicels 4-7 mm; bractlets lanceolate, ca. 2 × 0.5 mm. Sepals in 2 whorls; outer sepals lanceolate, ca. 3.5 × 2 mm; inner sepals obovate, ca. 5 × 3 mm, base slightly clawed. Petals obovate, ca. 4 × 2.5 mm, base clawed, with separate oblong-elliptic glands, apex entire. Stamens ca. 2.5 mm; anther connective not prolonged, truncate. Ovules 1 or 2. Berry red, ellipsoid, 6-7 × 5-5.5 mm, not pruinose, style not persistent. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jun-Sep.
● Thickets, forests, forest margins, streamsides, grasslands; 800-3400 m. Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan.
别名：刺黄柏;黄檗;黄刺皮;吉尕尔;密穗小檗;密穗小蘖;山黄檗;珊瑚刺;直穗小蘖;
科名：小檗科 Berberidaceae
属名：小檗属 Berberis
176．直穗小檗
Berberis dasystachya Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St.-Petersb. 23: 308, 1877;Fedde in Bot. Jahrb. 36 (Beibl 82) : 43, 1905; Schneid. in Bull. Herb. Boissier, (2) , 8: 262, 1908; Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 3: 442, 1917; Ahrendt inJourn. Linn. Soc. Bot. 57: 1 84, 1961; 秦岭植物志1 (2): 323, 1974;湖北植物志1: 387, 图546, 1976; 河南植物志1: 493, 图632, 1981. ——B. dolichobotrys Fedde in Bot Jahrb. 36 (Beibl. 82) : 41, 1901, syn nov.——B. kansuensis var. procera Ahrendt in Journ. Linn. SOe. Bot. 57: 1 83, 1961, syn. nov.
落叶灌木，高2-3米。老枝圆柱形，黄褐色，具稀疏小疣点，幼枝紫红色；茎刺单一，长5-15毫米，有时缺如或偶有三分叉，长达4厘米。叶纸质，叶片长圆状椭圆形、宽椭圆形或近圆形、长3-6厘米，宽2.5-4厘米，先端钝圆，基部骤缩，稍下延，呈楔形、圆形或心形，上面暗黄绿色，中脉和侧脉微隆起，背面黄绿色，中脉明显隆起，不被白粉，两面网脉显著，无毛，叶缘平展，每边具25-50细小刺齿；叶柄长1-4厘米。总状花序直立，具15-30朵花，长4-7厘米，包括总梗长1-2厘米，无毛；花梗4-7毫米；花黄色；小苞片披针形，长约2毫米，宽约0.5毫米，萼片2轮，外萼片披针形，长约3.5毫米，宽约2毫米，内萼片倒卵形，长约5毫米，宽约3毫米，基部稍呈爪；花瓣倒卵形，长约4毫米，宽约2.5毫米，先端全缘，基部缢缩呈爪，具2枚分离长圆状椭圆形腺体；雄蕊长约2.5毫米，药隔先端不延伸，平截；胚珠1-2枚。浆果椭圆形，长6-7毫米，直径5-5.5毫米，红色，顶端无宿存花柱，不被白粉。花期4-6月，果期6-9月。
产于甘肃、宁夏、青海、湖北、陕西、四川、河南、河北、山西。生于向阳山地灌丛中、山谷溪旁、林缘、林下、草丛中。海拔800-3400米。模式标本采自甘肃。
根皮及茎皮含小檗碱，可供药用。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Berberis dasystachya Maximowicz Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg. 23: 308. 1877.
直穗小檗 zhi sui xiao bo
Berberis dolichobotrys Fedde; B. kansuensis C. K. Schneider var. procera Ahrendt.
Shrubs, deciduous, 2-3 m tall. Branches yellow-brown, terete, very sparsely verruculose; shoots purplish red; spines simple, 5-15 mm, sometimes absent or occasionally 3-fid, to 4 cm. Petiole 1-4 cm; leaf blade abaxially yellow-green, adaxially dark yellow-green, oblong-elliptic, broadly elliptic, or suborbicular, 3-6 × 2.5-4 cm, papery, abaxially glabrous, not pruinose, midvein obviously raised, adaxially with slightly raised midvein and lateral veins, base cuneate, rounded, or cordate, margin 25-50-spinulose-serrulate on each side, apex rounded, obtuse. Inflorescence a raceme, erect, 15-30-flowered, 4-7 cm including peduncle 1-2 cm, glabrous. Pedicels 4-7 mm; bractlets lanceolate, ca. 2 × 0.5 mm. Sepals in 2 whorls; outer sepals lanceolate, ca. 3.5 × 2 mm; inner sepals obovate, ca. 5 × 3 mm, base slightly clawed. Petals obovate, ca. 4 × 2.5 mm, base clawed, with separate oblong-elliptic glands, apex entire. Stamens ca. 2.5 mm; anther connective not prolonged, truncate. Ovules 1 or 2. Berry red, ellipsoid, 6-7 × 5-5.5 mm, not pruinose, style not persistent. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jun-Sep.
● Thickets, forests, forest margins, streamsides, grasslands; 800-3400 m. Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan.