栏目

槭叶秋海棠Begonia digyna Irmsch.

槭叶秋海棠Begonia digyna Irmsch.

别名:双蕊海棠;猫爪莲;红八角莲;满沟红;血丝金盘;鸭脚莲;

科名:秋海棠科 Begoniaceae

属名:秋海棠属 Begonia

《中国植物志》第52(1)卷243页
  108.槭叶秋海棠(中国高等植物图鉴)
  Begonia digyna Irmsch. in Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 6: 352. 1927, et 1. c. 10: 540. 1939, et in Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7 (2): 386. 1931; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 938, 图3606. 1972 p. p., excl. Hunan; 中国高等植物图鉴补编2: 540, in clavi. 1983; L. B. Smith. et al. in Smithson. Contr. Bot. 60: 16, in clavi, 158, pl. 4, fig. 45. 1986; 福建植物志4: 27, 图版292, 图3. 1989.
  多年生草本,高25-37厘米。根状茎短,通常横走,直径约1厘米,具有多数细长纤维状之根。茎直立或上升,有纵棱,散生卷曲柔毛。叶少数,具长柄;叶片干时膜质,两侧不相等,轮廓宽卵形或近圆形,长7-15 (-18)厘米,宽7-13(-20)厘米,先端渐尖,基部心形,略偏斜,边缘有大小不等重锯齿,齿尖带短芒,并6-7中裂,裂片三角状卵形,中间裂片常再重复极浅裂,基部的2裂片稍小,掌状7条脉,中部以上呈羽状脉;叶柄长11-25厘米,柔弱,有纵棱,被卷曲淡褐色柔毛;托叶早落。花粉红至玫瑰色,2-4朵,腋生,呈二歧聚伞状,花序梗长18-20厘米,被卷曲疏柔毛;苞片早落;雄花:花梗长2.5-3厘米,被卷曲毛;花被片4,外面2枚宽卵形,长1.7-2厘米,宽1.8-2.1厘米,先端钝,外面疏被长柔毛,内面2枚长圆倒卵形,长1.5-2厘米,宽9-11毫米,先端圆钝,无毛;雄蕊多数,整体呈球状,花丝长1.5-1.8毫米,花药倒卵长圆形,长1.1-1.5毫米,先端微凹,基部楔形;雌花:花梗长1.7-2.1厘米,被卷曲柔毛,花被片5,不等大,外面宽卵形,长1.6-2.1厘米,宽11-14毫米,先端钝,外面被长柔毛,毛长约1毫米,向内渐小,最内面的长圆椭圆形,长约1.1厘米,宽约7毫米,无毛;子房椭圆形,长8-10毫米,宽5-6毫米,疏被毛,2室,每室胎座具2裂片,花柱长5-6.5毫米,2裂,裂片长3.5-4毫米,柱头外向螺旋状扭曲,有时呈环状,并带刺状乳头。蒴果下垂,梗长1.7-2.1厘米,被毛;轮廓椭圆形(未成熟);具不等3翅,大的近直三角形或宽舌形,长1.3-1.8厘米,宽9-10毫米,先端圆,有网纹,小的偏三角形,均无毛;种子极多数,淡褐色,有条纹,无毛。花期7月开始,果期8月开始。
  产福建(长汀、邵武)、江西(石城、铅山、资溪、广昌、宜黄)、浙江(庆元、龙泉)。生于水沟边林下阴湿处或山谷石壁上,海拔550-700米。模式标本采自福建(长汀)。
  本种外形与美丽秋海棠B. algaia L. B. Smith et D. C. Wasshausen和黎平秋海棠B. lipingensis Irmsch.相近似,唯后两者通常无茎生叶,偶有1片,雄花被片较大,长2-2.7厘米;而本种通常具1-2片茎生叶,花较小,雄花被片长1.7-2厘米。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Begonia digyna  Irmscher
槭叶秋海棠   qi ye qiu hai tang
Herbs, rhizomatous, 25-37 cm tall. Rhizomes ca. 1 cm in diam. Stems erect or ascending, sparsely hairy. Leaves mostly basal; stipules caducous; petiole 1-2.5 cm, rusty hairy; blade broadly ovate to orbicular, slightly asymmetric, 7-15(-18) × 7-13(-20) cm, thin when dried, sparsely pilose, apex acuminate, venation palmate, base cordate, obliquely cordate, margin serrulate, distinctly lobed, divided to 1/2 of leaf length, 6- or 7-lobed; lobes triangular-ovate, middle lobe divided with 1 lobule. Inflorescences sparsely hairy; peduncle 18-20 cm; bracts caducous. Staminate flowers: pedicel 2.5-3 cm; tepals 4, pink, outer 2 broadly ovate, 1.7-2 × 1.8-2.1 cm, abaxially pilose, inner 2 oblong-obovate, 1.5-2 cm × 9-11 mm; stamens numerous; filaments 1.5-1.8 mm; anthers obovoid-oblong, 1.1-1.5 mm, apex slightly emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 1.7-2.1 cm, hairy; tepals 5, unequal, largest one broadly ovate, 1.6-2.1 × 1.1-1.4 cm, abaxially villous, smallest one oblong-elliptic, ca. 11 × 7 mm, glabrous; ovary elliptic, 8-10 × 5-6 mm, pilose, 2-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 2, 5-6.5 mm; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, ellipsoid, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing triangular or broadly ligulate, 1.3-1.8 cm × 9-10 mm, apex rounded; lateral wings oblate-triangular. Fl. Jul, fr. Aug.
● Forests; on rocks in shaded moist environments by streams or in valleys; 500-700 m. Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
This species is similar to Begonia edulis but differs by its sparsely pilose, distinctly lobed leaves.

TOP