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美丽秋海棠Begonia algaia L. B. Smith et D. C. Wasshausen

美丽秋海棠Begonia algaia L. B. Smith et D. C. Wasshausen

别名:裂叶秋海棠;虎爪龙;

科名:秋海棠科 Begoniaceae

属名:秋海棠属 Begonia

《中国植物志》第52(1)卷261页
  134.美丽秋海棠(中国高等植物图鉴)裂叶秋海棠、虎爪龙
  Begonia algaia L. B. Smith et D. C. Wasshausen in Phytologia 52: 441. 1981; L. B. Smith et al. in Smithson. Contr. Bot. 60: 19, in clavi, 137, Pl. 5, fig. 29. 1986. ——B. calophylla Irmsch. in Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 6: 351. 1927, et 10: 540. 1939; et in Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7 (2): 385. 1931; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 940, 图3610. 1972, non Gilg ex Engl. 1921.
  多年生柔弱草本。根状茎长4-11厘米,直径5-8毫米,红褐色,粗糙,节密,生出多数长短不等的纤维状之根。茎短缩。基生叶具长柄;叶片轮廓宽卵形至长圆形,长10-20厘米,宽9-19 (-21)厘米,先端尾状长渐尖或长渐尖,基部心形至深心形略偏斜,全边具疏而大小不等的三角形浅齿,齿尖带短芒,通常6(-8)中裂或略过之,中间3裂片再中裂,裂片披针形至卵状披针形,基部楔形,下部两侧裂片通常再浅裂,裂片三角状卵形,先端短渐尖,上面深绿色,散生粗柔毛,下面淡绿色,沿脉被短疏柔毛,掌状6(-8)条脉,至分裂处以上呈羽状脉;叶柄长13-26厘米,柔弱,有棱,被锈褐色卷曲长毛,向顶端逐渐加密;托叶早落。花葶高17-27厘米,疏被锈褐色卷曲毛;花通常带白的玫瑰色,4朵,呈二歧聚伞状;苞片长圆状卵形,长4-5毫米,先端急尖;雄花:花梗长4-4.5厘米,无毛,花被片4,外面2枚,宽卵形,长2-2.7厘米,近等宽或稍宽,先端圆,外面中部散生长柔毛,内面2枚倒卵状长圆形,长2-2.6厘米,宽约1厘米,先端钝,无毛;雄蕊多数,花丝长1.8-2.2厘米,基部合生,花药广椭圆形,长1.7-2.2毫米,药隔突出,先端钝;雌花:花梗长4-5厘米,无毛;花被片5,不等大,外面的宽卵形,长约2.5厘米,宽约2.2厘米,先端钝,内面倒卵形,长约2厘米,宽约7毫米,先端钝;子房长圆形,长约10毫米,直径约5毫米,无毛,2室,每室胎座具2裂片,花柱2,长8-9毫米,近中部2裂,柱头外向螺旋状扭曲,并带刺状乳突。蒴果下垂;梗长约5厘米,无毛;轮廓卵球形,长约1.2厘米,直径约9毫米,具3极不相等之翅,大的近直三角形,长约13厘米,宽8-11毫米,先端圆,有纵纹,无毛,小的半圆形,长3-5毫米,上部圆,无毛;种子极多数,小,长圆形,淡褐色,平滑。花期6月开始,果期8月。
  产江西(安福、上犹、遂川、井冈山、永新、武功山)。生于山谷水沟边阴湿处、山地灌丛中石壁上和河畔或阴山坡林下,海拔320-800米。模式标本采自吉安和宁都之间。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Begonia algaia  L. B. Smith & Wasshausen
美丽秋海棠   mei li qiu hai tang
Begonia calophylla Irmscher, Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 6: 351. 1927, not Gilg ex Engler (1921).
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizomes elongate, 5-8 mm in diam. Stems short. Leaves mostly basal; stipules caducous; petiole 13-26 cm, rusty villous; blade broadly ovate to oblong, slightly asymmetric, 10-20 × 9-19(-21) cm, sparsely pubescent, venation palmate, 6(-8)-veined, base slightly obliquely cordate, margin remotely serrate, distinctly lobed, divided to ca. 1/2 of leaf length; lobes caudate-acuminate at apex; lobules present. Inflorescences 17-27 cm tall, sparsely rusty villous; bracts oblong-ovate, 4-5 mm, villous, apex acute. Staminate flowers: pedicel 4-4.5 cm; tepals 4, pinkish, outer 2 broadly ovate, 2-2.7 cm, outside villous, inner 2 obovate-oblong, 2-2.6 × ca. 1 mm; stamens numerous; filaments fused at base; anthers oval. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 4-5 cm; ovary oblong, ca. 10 × 5 mm, glabrous; placentae axile, bilamellate; tepals 5, unequal, obovate to broadly ovate, 2-2.5 × 0.7-2.2 cm, outside villous; styles 2, fused to halfway; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule nodding, ca. 1.2 × 9 mm, unequally 3-winged; abaxial wing larger, triangular. Fl. Jul-Aug.
● Forests or scrubby vegetation, moist environments by streams; 300-800 m. Jiangxi.
Very similar to Begonia pedatifida, this species can only be distinguished by its shallowly divided leaves and cordate leaf bases.

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