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棒凤仙花Impatiens claviger Hook. f.

棒凤仙花Impatiens claviger Hook. f.

别名:棒凤仙;

科名:凤仙花科 Balsaminaceae

属名:凤仙花属 Impatiens

《中国植物志》第47(2)卷048页
  20. 棒凤仙花(广西植物名录)
  Impatiens claviger Hook. f. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2863. 1908. et in Kew Bull. 12. 1909, in Repert. Sp. nov. 8: 178. 1910, in Lecomte. Pl. Gener. Ind-Chin 1: 627. 1911; Tardeu. Suppl. Pl. Gen. Ind. -China 1: 593. 1946; Y. L. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(2): 98. 1978 in clavi; 广西植物志1: 585. 1991.
  一年生草本,高50-60厘米,全株无毛。茎粗壮,常具翅,下部长裸露,常扭曲,不分枝或上部具小枝。叶常密集在上部,互生,具柄,叶片膜质,倒卵形或倒披针形,长8-15 (18) 厘米,宽3.5-5厘米,顶端渐尖,基部楔状狭长1-2厘米的叶柄,边缘具圆齿状锯齿,齿端具小尖,上面深绿色,下面淡绿色,侧脉5-6对,弧状弯,下面中脉明显。总花梗生于上部叶腋,短于叶,长8-10厘米,花多数,排成总状;花梗长1-2厘米,基部有苞片;苞片草质,卵形,长3-4毫米,宽2-3毫米,渐尖,脱落。花大,淡黄色,长4-5厘米,下垂,侧生萼片4,外面2,斜卵形,长8-12毫米,宽5毫米,尖或渐尖,内面2较长,线状披针形,镰刀状弯,顶端渐尖,长17毫米。旗瓣倒卵形,长2厘米,顶端圆形,凹,具小尖头,背面中肋增厚,中上部具龙骨状突起;翼瓣无柄,长2.5-2.6厘米,2裂,基部裂片大,圆形,上部裂片较长,内弯,长圆形,顶端圆钝,背部具圆形小耳;唇瓣檐部近囊状,长3厘米,口部斜上,宽2厘米,基部急狭成长5-6毫米内弯的距。花丝线形,上部扩大;花药卵圆形,顶端钝。子房卵圆形,顶端喙尖。蒴果(未成熟)棒状,长1.5厘米,基部狭,顶端喙尖;胚珠4,2列,长圆形。花期10月至翌年1月,果期1-2月。
  产云南东南部(麻栗坡、砚山)、广西(龙州、那坡、龙津、百色、凌云、柳州)。生于山谷疏或密林下潮湿处,海拔1000-1800米。越南北部也有。模式标本采自越南河内巴围山。
  全草入药,有清凉、消肿之功效,用于治痈疮肿毒。
种中文名:棒凤仙花
种拉丁名:Impatiens claviger Hook. f.
科中文名:凤仙花科
科拉丁名:Balsaminaceae
属中文名:凤仙花属
属拉丁名:Impatiens
国内分布:云南东南部、广西
国外分布:越南北部
海    拔:1000-1800

【药 名】:棒凤仙花

【拼 音】:BANGFENGXIANHUA

【来 源】:为凤仙花科植物棒凤仙花的全草。

【功 效】:清热解毒。

【主 治】:用治湿热火毒,蕴于肌表所致痈疽疮疖,或湿疮、恶疮、溃破日久,流汁黄臭,疮面糜烂秽腐。

【性味归经】:辛、苦,凉。入肺、心二经。

【用法用量】:内服:煎汤,9一15克。外用:研末涂撒患处。

【动植物资源分布】:分布于广西、云南南部。

【拉丁名】:原植物棒凤仙花lmpatiens claviger Hook.F.

【考 证】:始载于《中国高等植物图鉴补编》。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Impatiens clavigera  J. D. Hooker
棒凤仙花   bang feng xian hua
Plants annual, 50-60 cm tall, glabrous. Stem robust, often winged, long naked in lower part, often tortuous, simple or branched in upper part. Leaves often crowded at upper part of stem, alternate; petiole 1-2 cm; leaf blade pale green abaxially, dark green adaxially, obovate or oblanceolate, 8-15(-18) × 3.5-5 cm, midvein prominent abaxially, lateral veins 5 or 6 pairs, curved, membranous, base cuneate, attenuate into petiole, margin crenate-serrate, teeth mucronulate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences in upper leaf axils, racemose, many flowered; peduncles shorter than leaves, 8-10 cm. Pedicels 1-2 cm, bracteate at base; bracts caducous, ovate, 3-4 × 2-3 mm, herbaceous, apex acuminate. Flowers pendulous, yellowish, large, 4-5 cm deep. Lateral sepals 4; outer 2: obliquely ovate, 0.8-1.2 × ca. 0.5 cm, apex acute or acuminate; inner 2: longer, linear-lanceolate, falcate-curved, ca. 1.7 cm, apex acuminate. Lower sepal subsaccate, ca. 3 cm deep, abruptly narrowed into an incurved spur ca. 1 cm; mouth oblique, ca. 2 cm wide. Upper petal obovate, ca. 2 cm, apex rounded, retuse, mucronulate, abaxial midvein thickened, carinate at upper part to middle; lateral united petals not clawed, 2.5-2.6 cm, 2-lobed; basal lobes orbicular, large; distal lobes incurved, oblong, longer, apex rounded-obtuse; auricle rounded. Filaments linear, swollen apically; anthers ovoid, apex obtuse. Ovary ovoid. Capsule (immature) clavate, ca. 1.5 cm. Fl. Oct-Jan of next year, fr. Jan-Feb.
Understories of sparse and dense forests, moist places in valleys; 1000-1800 m. Guangxi, SE Yunnan [N Vietnam].
The whole plant is used medicinally for treating carbuncles and skin injuries.

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