假冷蕨Pseudocystopteris spinulosa (Maxim.) Ching
假冷蕨Pseudocystopteris spinulosa (Maxim.) Ching
2. 假冷蕨（植物分类学报）尖齿蹄盖蕨（中国主要植物图说 蕨类植物门）图版18：1-2
Pseudocystopteris spinulosa (Maxim.) Ching in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 78. 1964; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 177, f. 353. 1972; Fl, Tsinling. 2: 92, t. 23, f. 7-8. 1974; Y. L. Chang et al., Sporae Pterid. Sin. 238, t. 40, f. 36-37. 1976; 河南植物志 1: 51, 图 64. 1981; Jarrett, Ind. Fil. Suppl. 5: 163. 1985; S. H. Li et J. Z. Wang in S. H. Li, Fl. Liaoning 1: 69. 1988; J. Z. Wang et S. H. Li in P. Y. Fu et al., Clavis Plant. Chin. Bor. -Orient. 2nd ed. 39, t. 10, f. 3. 1995. ——Cystopteris spinulosa Maxim. in Mem. Acad. St. -Petersb. 9: 340. 1859. ——Athyrium spinulosum Milde in Bot. Zeit. 376. 1866: Christ, Farndr. Erde 226, 1897; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52. Mem. 1: 49. 1905; Diets in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (4): 224, 1899; C. Chr., Ind. Fil. 146. 1906; Nakai, Fl. Kor. 405. 1911; Fomin in Busch. Fl. Sibir. et Orient. Extr. 5: 135, cum f. 1930; Kom. et Alis. , Key Pl. Far East. Reg. USSR 1: 68, t. 10. 1931; Fomin in Kom. , Fl. URSS 1: 60, t. II, f. 6: a-c. 1934; Kitagawa in Rep. First Sci. Exped. Manch. 4 (2): 77. 1935 et Linneam. , Fl. Mansh. 28. 1939; Ogata, Ic. Fil. Jap. 8: t. 359. 1940; H. Ito, Fil. Jap. Ill. , t. 191. 1944; 傅书遐, 中国主要植物图说 蕨类植物门114. 1957; 张玉良等, 东北草本植物志1: 42, f. 35. 1958; Tagawa, Col. Ill. Jap. Pterid. 122, 186, t. 48, f. 265. 1959: Namegata et Kurata, Enum. Jap, Pterid. 280. 1961; Nakaike, Enum. Pterid, Jap. 144. 1975 et New Fl. Jap. Pterid. 306, cum f. 1982 et l. c. Rev. Enl. 1992. ——Asplenium spinulosum Bak. in Hook. et Bak., Syn. Fil. 225. 1867: Miq. in Ann. Mu. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 3: 174. 1867; Franch et Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 222. 1876.
根状茎长而横走，直径约2.5毫米，黑褐色，疏被阔卵形膜质鳞片；叶远生。能育叶长45-50厘米；叶柄长22-26厘米，基部直径2-3毫米，和根状茎同色，被阔卵形至披针形鳞片，近地表处常密生金黄色长柔毛，向上为禾秆色，偶有鳞片，几光滑，略有光泽；叶片广卵状三角形至卵状三角形，长20-28厘米，宽与长几相等或稍宽，先端短渐尖或近急尖，二至三回羽状；羽片12对左右，基部一对最长，长约17-20厘米，中部宽6-8厘米，椭圆形至椭圆状倒披针形，渐尖头，向基部显著地逐渐变狭，近对称，有5-8毫米短柄，近对生，距上面一对羽片约2-3.5厘米，斜展，一至二回羽状；基部一对羽片有一回小羽片12-14对，上先出，斜展或平伸，长圆状披针形至卵状三角形，中部以下的一回小羽片逐渐缩短，先端钝或渐尖，具狭长而指向上的尖齿，基部对称，圆形或圆楔形，无柄或略与羽轴合生，少有极短柄，中部的小羽片最长，长约4-5厘米，宽8-15毫米，一回羽状；二回小羽片不超过十几对，斜向上，长圆形或长卵形，长5-8毫米，宽2.5-3.5毫米，通常基部下延，与小羽轴两侧的狭翅相连，锐裂或边缘及先端有细长、指向上的尖齿，裂片有同样的锯齿；第二对以上羽片披针形，较狭，近对生或互生，基部不变狭，向上渐无柄，第一对小羽片下先出或近对生，二回羽状；末回小羽片边缘具同样指向上的长尖锯齿。叶脉两面可见，在末回小羽片上羽状，小脉单一，达于锯齿顶端。叶干后草质，绿色或褐绿色，小羽轴和主脉上面稍有短刺状突起，叶轴和羽轴上面有疏短毛，下面近无毛。孢子囊群圆形，生于小脉背上，每末回裂片有一至数对；囊群盖近圆肾形，膜质，浅褐色。孢子具薄而透明的周壁，表面具较多的褶皱。染色体数目n=40。
分布于黑龙江（小兴安岭、宝清、勃利、伊春、带岭、尚志、虎饶）、吉林（长白山、安图、延边、抚松）、辽宁（千山）、内蒙古（大兴安岭）、陕西（秦岭太白山）、河南（伏牛山、商城、灵宝、卢氏）和四川（马尔康）等省区，生针叶林、棍交林下或灌丛、竹丛中阴湿处，海拔800-3000米。朝鲜半岛、日本及俄罗斯远东地区也有分布。模式标本采自俄罗斯远东地区（阿穆尔）。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Athyrium spinulosum (Maximowicz) Milde Bot. Zeitung (Berlin). 24: 376. 1866.
假冷蕨 jia leng jue
Cystopteris spinulosa Maximowicz, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 9: 340. 1859; Asplenium spinulosum (Maximowicz) Miquel (1867), not (Blume) Mettenius (1859); Pseudocystopteris spinulosa (Maximowicz) Ching.
Rhizomes long creeping, ca. 2.5 mm in diam., blackish brown, with sparse broadly ovate membranous scales. Fronds distant; fertile fronds 45-50 cm; stipe blackish brown at base, upward stramineous, shiny, 22-26 cm, 2-3 mm in diam. at base, base clothed with broadly ovate to lanceolate scales, often densely yellow long pubescent, upper part glabrate, occasionally scaly; lamina triangular to ovate-triangular, 20-28 cm, nearly as broad as long or slightly broader, shortly acuminate or almost acute, 2- or 3-pinnate, with ca. 12 pairs of pinnae; basal pinnae longest, 17-20 × 6-8 cm at middle, elliptic to elliptic-oblanceolate, gradually narrowed toward base, subequilateral at base, with stalk 5-8 mm, acuminate, subopposite, 2-3.5 cm apart from upper pinnae, ascending; basal pinnae with pinnules 12-14-paired, anadromous, ascending or spreading, oblong-lanceolate to ovate-triangular; lower pinnules gradually shorter, obtuse or acuminate, equilateral, rounded or rounded-cuneate at base, sessile or slightly adnate to costae, rarely very shortly stalked, with long pointed teeth at margin; middle pinnules longest, 4-5 cm × 8-15 mm; secondary pinnules 10 pairs or fewer, ascending, oblong or narrowly ovate, 5-8 × 2.5-3.5 mm, usually decurrent to costular wings, sharply lobed or with thin, long, sharp teeth; segments sharply toothed; second basal and upper pinnae lanceolate, narrower, subopposite or alternate, not narrowed toward base, shortly stalked or sessile; basal pair of pinnules catadromous or subopposite; pinnule segments with pointed, long, sharp teeth. Veins visible on surfaces, pinnate, simple, terminating in tooth tip. Lamina herbaceous when dried, green or greenish brown, costule and midrib bases with some short spinulose processes on adaxial surface, rachis, and costae with sparse short hairs adaxially, glabrate abaxially. Sori orbicular, abaxial on veins, 1 to several pairs per every ultimate segment; indusia brownish, almost orbicular-reniform, membranous. Perispore thin, hyaline, folded. 2n = 80.
Damp areas in coniferous and mixed forests, in shrubs, bamboo groves; 800-3000 m. Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Sichuan [Japan, Korea, E Russia].
别名：尖齿蹄盖蕨;
科名：蹄盖蕨科 Athyriaceae
属名：假冷蕨属 Pseudocystopteris
2. 假冷蕨（植物分类学报）尖齿蹄盖蕨（中国主要植物图说 蕨类植物门）图版18：1-2
Pseudocystopteris spinulosa (Maxim.) Ching in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 78. 1964; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 177, f. 353. 1972; Fl, Tsinling. 2: 92, t. 23, f. 7-8. 1974; Y. L. Chang et al., Sporae Pterid. Sin. 238, t. 40, f. 36-37. 1976; 河南植物志 1: 51, 图 64. 1981; Jarrett, Ind. Fil. Suppl. 5: 163. 1985; S. H. Li et J. Z. Wang in S. H. Li, Fl. Liaoning 1: 69. 1988; J. Z. Wang et S. H. Li in P. Y. Fu et al., Clavis Plant. Chin. Bor. -Orient. 2nd ed. 39, t. 10, f. 3. 1995. ——Cystopteris spinulosa Maxim. in Mem. Acad. St. -Petersb. 9: 340. 1859. ——Athyrium spinulosum Milde in Bot. Zeit. 376. 1866: Christ, Farndr. Erde 226, 1897; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52. Mem. 1: 49. 1905; Diets in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (4): 224, 1899; C. Chr., Ind. Fil. 146. 1906; Nakai, Fl. Kor. 405. 1911; Fomin in Busch. Fl. Sibir. et Orient. Extr. 5: 135, cum f. 1930; Kom. et Alis. , Key Pl. Far East. Reg. USSR 1: 68, t. 10. 1931; Fomin in Kom. , Fl. URSS 1: 60, t. II, f. 6: a-c. 1934; Kitagawa in Rep. First Sci. Exped. Manch. 4 (2): 77. 1935 et Linneam. , Fl. Mansh. 28. 1939; Ogata, Ic. Fil. Jap. 8: t. 359. 1940; H. Ito, Fil. Jap. Ill. , t. 191. 1944; 傅书遐, 中国主要植物图说 蕨类植物门114. 1957; 张玉良等, 东北草本植物志1: 42, f. 35. 1958; Tagawa, Col. Ill. Jap. Pterid. 122, 186, t. 48, f. 265. 1959: Namegata et Kurata, Enum. Jap, Pterid. 280. 1961; Nakaike, Enum. Pterid, Jap. 144. 1975 et New Fl. Jap. Pterid. 306, cum f. 1982 et l. c. Rev. Enl. 1992. ——Asplenium spinulosum Bak. in Hook. et Bak., Syn. Fil. 225. 1867: Miq. in Ann. Mu. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 3: 174. 1867; Franch et Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 222. 1876.
根状茎长而横走，直径约2.5毫米，黑褐色，疏被阔卵形膜质鳞片；叶远生。能育叶长45-50厘米；叶柄长22-26厘米，基部直径2-3毫米，和根状茎同色，被阔卵形至披针形鳞片，近地表处常密生金黄色长柔毛，向上为禾秆色，偶有鳞片，几光滑，略有光泽；叶片广卵状三角形至卵状三角形，长20-28厘米，宽与长几相等或稍宽，先端短渐尖或近急尖，二至三回羽状；羽片12对左右，基部一对最长，长约17-20厘米，中部宽6-8厘米，椭圆形至椭圆状倒披针形，渐尖头，向基部显著地逐渐变狭，近对称，有5-8毫米短柄，近对生，距上面一对羽片约2-3.5厘米，斜展，一至二回羽状；基部一对羽片有一回小羽片12-14对，上先出，斜展或平伸，长圆状披针形至卵状三角形，中部以下的一回小羽片逐渐缩短，先端钝或渐尖，具狭长而指向上的尖齿，基部对称，圆形或圆楔形，无柄或略与羽轴合生，少有极短柄，中部的小羽片最长，长约4-5厘米，宽8-15毫米，一回羽状；二回小羽片不超过十几对，斜向上，长圆形或长卵形，长5-8毫米，宽2.5-3.5毫米，通常基部下延，与小羽轴两侧的狭翅相连，锐裂或边缘及先端有细长、指向上的尖齿，裂片有同样的锯齿；第二对以上羽片披针形，较狭，近对生或互生，基部不变狭，向上渐无柄，第一对小羽片下先出或近对生，二回羽状；末回小羽片边缘具同样指向上的长尖锯齿。叶脉两面可见，在末回小羽片上羽状，小脉单一，达于锯齿顶端。叶干后草质，绿色或褐绿色，小羽轴和主脉上面稍有短刺状突起，叶轴和羽轴上面有疏短毛，下面近无毛。孢子囊群圆形，生于小脉背上，每末回裂片有一至数对；囊群盖近圆肾形，膜质，浅褐色。孢子具薄而透明的周壁，表面具较多的褶皱。染色体数目n=40。
分布于黑龙江（小兴安岭、宝清、勃利、伊春、带岭、尚志、虎饶）、吉林（长白山、安图、延边、抚松）、辽宁（千山）、内蒙古（大兴安岭）、陕西（秦岭太白山）、河南（伏牛山、商城、灵宝、卢氏）和四川（马尔康）等省区，生针叶林、棍交林下或灌丛、竹丛中阴湿处，海拔800-3000米。朝鲜半岛、日本及俄罗斯远东地区也有分布。模式标本采自俄罗斯远东地区（阿穆尔）。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Athyrium spinulosum (Maximowicz) Milde Bot. Zeitung (Berlin). 24: 376. 1866.
假冷蕨 jia leng jue
Cystopteris spinulosa Maximowicz, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 9: 340. 1859; Asplenium spinulosum (Maximowicz) Miquel (1867), not (Blume) Mettenius (1859); Pseudocystopteris spinulosa (Maximowicz) Ching.
Rhizomes long creeping, ca. 2.5 mm in diam., blackish brown, with sparse broadly ovate membranous scales. Fronds distant; fertile fronds 45-50 cm; stipe blackish brown at base, upward stramineous, shiny, 22-26 cm, 2-3 mm in diam. at base, base clothed with broadly ovate to lanceolate scales, often densely yellow long pubescent, upper part glabrate, occasionally scaly; lamina triangular to ovate-triangular, 20-28 cm, nearly as broad as long or slightly broader, shortly acuminate or almost acute, 2- or 3-pinnate, with ca. 12 pairs of pinnae; basal pinnae longest, 17-20 × 6-8 cm at middle, elliptic to elliptic-oblanceolate, gradually narrowed toward base, subequilateral at base, with stalk 5-8 mm, acuminate, subopposite, 2-3.5 cm apart from upper pinnae, ascending; basal pinnae with pinnules 12-14-paired, anadromous, ascending or spreading, oblong-lanceolate to ovate-triangular; lower pinnules gradually shorter, obtuse or acuminate, equilateral, rounded or rounded-cuneate at base, sessile or slightly adnate to costae, rarely very shortly stalked, with long pointed teeth at margin; middle pinnules longest, 4-5 cm × 8-15 mm; secondary pinnules 10 pairs or fewer, ascending, oblong or narrowly ovate, 5-8 × 2.5-3.5 mm, usually decurrent to costular wings, sharply lobed or with thin, long, sharp teeth; segments sharply toothed; second basal and upper pinnae lanceolate, narrower, subopposite or alternate, not narrowed toward base, shortly stalked or sessile; basal pair of pinnules catadromous or subopposite; pinnule segments with pointed, long, sharp teeth. Veins visible on surfaces, pinnate, simple, terminating in tooth tip. Lamina herbaceous when dried, green or greenish brown, costule and midrib bases with some short spinulose processes on adaxial surface, rachis, and costae with sparse short hairs adaxially, glabrate abaxially. Sori orbicular, abaxial on veins, 1 to several pairs per every ultimate segment; indusia brownish, almost orbicular-reniform, membranous. Perispore thin, hyaline, folded. 2n = 80.
Damp areas in coniferous and mixed forests, in shrubs, bamboo groves; 800-3000 m. Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Sichuan [Japan, Korea, E Russia].