栏目

戟叶鹅绒藤Cynanchum sibiricum Willd.

戟叶鹅绒藤Cynanchum sibiricum Willd.

科名:萝藦科 Asclepiadaceae

属名:鹅绒藤属 Cynanchum

《中国植物志》第63卷311页
  1. 戟叶鹅绒藤(中国高等植物图鉴)图版107
  Cynanchum sibiricum Willd. in Ges. Naturf. Fr. Neue Schr. 124, t. 5, f. 1799; Pobed. in Komar. Fl. USSR. 18: 716. 1952; 中国高等植物图鉴, 3: 472, 图4897. 1974; Tsiang et P. T. Li in Acta Phytotax. Sinica 12: 84. 1974, non R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. 1: 48. 1810. ——Cynanchum acutum Linn. β longifolium Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 3: 48. 1847-49; Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 23: 372. 1877 (syn. C. longifolium Martens excl.).
  多年生缠绕藤本;根粗壮,圆柱状,土灰色,径约2厘米。叶对生,纸质,戟形或戟状心形,长4-6厘米,基部宽3-4.5厘米,向端部长渐尖,基部具2个长圆状平行或略为叉开的叶耳,两面均被柔毛,脉上与叶缘被毛略密。伞房状聚伞花序腋生,花序梗长3-5厘米;花萼外面被柔毛,内部腺体极小;花冠外面白色,内面紫色,裂片长圆形,长4毫米,宽1.3毫米;副花冠双轮,外轮筒状,其顶端具有5条不同长短的丝状舌片,内轮5条裂较短;花粉块长圆状,下垂;子房平滑,柱头隆起,顶端微2裂。蓇葖单生,狭披针形,长约10厘米,直径1厘米;种子长圆形,长约5毫米;种毛白色绢质,长2厘米。花期5-8月,果期6-10月。
  产于内蒙古、甘肃和新疆。生长于干旱、荒漠灰钙土洼地。分布蒙古和苏联。模式标本采自苏联西伯利亚地区。
  根、茎、叶供药用,可治痈肿。
  在我国标本室里,多把本种鉴定为 Cynanchum acutum Linn.,但该种植物的叶为卵状心形,基部虽具叶耳,但不呈戟状;副花冠的内轮舌状片很长地伸出筒部,显然与本种不同。
  据 J. D. Hooker记载(Fl. Brit. India 4: 24. 1883.),在我国西藏西部有 Cynanchum acutum Linn.分布,我们未见标本,但从他的描述来看,可能包括本种在内。
种中文名:戟叶鹅绒藤
种拉丁名:Cynanchum sibiricum Willd.
科中文名:萝藦科
科拉丁名:Asclepiadaceae
属中文名:鹅绒藤属
属拉丁名:Cynanchum
国内分布:内蒙古、甘肃、新疆
国外分布:蒙古、苏联
海    拔:900-1400
英文植物志:16:210

【药 名】:戟叶鹅绒藤

【拼 音】:JIYEERONGTENG

【来 源】:为双子叶植物药萝藦科植物戟叶鹅绒藤的全株。

【功 效】:清热解毒。

【主 治】:用于火热毒盛,留滞肌表,痈疽疮疖,焮红肿大,疼痛不溃。

【性味归经】:苦,凉。入心经。

【用法用量】:内服:煎汤,10一30克。

【动植物资源分布】:分布于内蒙古、甘肃、新疆。

【拉丁名】:原植物戟叶鹅绒藤Cynanchum sibiricum Willd.

【考 证】:始载于《中国高等植物图鉴》。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Cynanchum acutum subsp. sibiricum  (Willdenow) K. H. Rechinger
戟叶鹅绒藤   ji ye e rong teng
Cynanchum sibiricum Willdenow, Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Neue Schriften 124. 1799; Cyathella cathayensis (Tsiang & Zhang) C. Y. Wu & D. Z. Li; Cynanchum acutum var. longifolium (Martens) Ledebour; C. cathayense Tsiang & Zhang; C. longifolium Martens.
Roots ca. 2 cm in diam. Stems many branched and woody at base, twining to 3 m, villous to puberulent, sometimes glabrous. Petiole 0.5-4 cm; leaf blade hastate, hastate-cordate, or oblong-hastate, 1.3-6(-15) × 1.1-4.5(-8) cm, papery, base auriculate, apex acute to long acuminate, basal lobes recurved, parallel or divergent, ciliate, glabrous or densely pubescent along veins; basal veins 5-7, lateral veins ca. 3 pairs. Inflorescences racemelike; peduncle 0.5-5 cm, rachis to 7 cm. Pedicel 4-8 mm. Sepals ovate, 1.5-2 × 0.5-0.9 mm, puberulent outside, glandular inside. Corolla white outside, white to purple inside; tube ca. 1 mm; lobes narrowly ovate or oblong, ca. 4 × 1.3-2 mm, obtuse, glabrous. Corona cylindric, margin 5-lobed; lobes 3-fid with middle segment long threadlike, interior with 5 short appendages included within tube. Anthers nearly square, appendages ovate; pollinia oblong. Stigma head subapiculate. Follicles lanceolate to linear, 6.5-13 cm × 8-10 mm, puberulent. Seeds oblong-ovate, 5-7.5 × 2-2.5 mm; coma 2-3 cm. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Jun-Oct.
Dry areas, waste places; 900-1400 m. Gansu, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Xizang [Afghanistan, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Turkmenistan; SW Asia]
The plant is used medicinally to treat swellings.
Cynanchum acutum subsp. acutum is widespread in the Mediterranean region from Spain east to Iraq, where there is a small area of overlap with subsp. sibiricum. It differs by having ovate leaves with convex sides.

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