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朱砂藤Cynanchum officinale (Hemsl.) Tsiang et Tsiang et Zhang

朱砂藤Cynanchum officinale (Hemsl.) Tsiang et Tsiang et Zhang

别名:隔山消;托腰散;白蔹;白前;湖北白前;白剑;青羊参;山狼毒;硃砂藤;野红薯藤;赤芍;朱砂莲;藦砂藤;青阳参;金山桔梗;白敛;桔梗;

科名:萝藦科 Asclepiadaceae

属名:鹅绒藤属 Cynanchum

《中国植物志》第63卷321页
  9. 朱砂藤(植物分类学报)朱砂莲(湖北);白敛(云南);桔梗(四川);赤芍(江西);野红薯藤(广西);湖北白前(种子植物名称)图版112
  Cynanchum officinale (Hemsl.) Tsiang et Zhang in Acta Phytotax. Sinica 12: 90. 1974. ——Pentatropis officinalis Hemsl. in Journ Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 110. 1889; K. Schum. in Engl. u. Prand, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4, 2: 258. 1895; Schltr. u. Diels in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 29: 543. 1900. ——Cynanchum bodinieri Schltr. ex Lev. Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 41. 1914-15, et Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan 13, 1915, nom. nud. ——Cynanchum amphibolum Schneid. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 3: 346. 1916.
  藤状灌木;主根圆柱状,单生或自顶部起2分叉,干后暗褐色;嫩茎具单列毛。叶对生,薄纸质,无毛或背面具微毛,卵形或卵状长圆形,长5-12厘米,基部宽3-7.5厘米,向端部渐尖,基部耳形;叶柄长2-6厘米。聚伞花序腋生,长3-8厘米,着花约10朵;花萼裂片外面具微毛,花萼内面基部具腺体5枚;花冠淡绿色或白色;副花冠肉质,深5裂,裂片卵形,内面中部具1圆形的舌状片;花粉块每室1个,长圆形,下垂;子房无毛,柱头略为隆起,顶端2裂。蓇葖通常仅1枚发育,向端部渐尖,基部狭楔形,长达11厘米,直径1厘米;种子长圆状卵形,顶端略呈截形;种毛白色绢质,长2厘米。花期5-8月,果期7-10月。
  产于陕西、甘肃、安徽、江西、湖南、湖北、广西、贵州、四川和云南等省区,在北纬25-35°之间。生长于海拔1300-2800米的山坡、路边或水边或灌木丛中及疏林下。模式标本采自湖北巴东。
  药用根,民间有用作补虚镇痛,治癫癎、狂犬病和毒蛇咬伤。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Cynanchum officinale  (Hemsley) Tsiang & Zhang
朱砂藤   zhu sha teng
Pentatropis officinalis Hemsley, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 110. 1889; Cynanchum bodinieri Schlechter ex H. Léveillé.
Taproots rather fleshy. Stems twining to 4 m, pubescent along 1 line when young. Leaves opposite; petiole 2-6 cm, pubescent; leaf blade ovate or ovate-oblong, 5-12 × 3-7.5 cm, thin papery, glabrous or puberulent, ciliate, base cordate with rounded sinus, apex acuminate; basal veins 3-5 or more. Inflorescences sometimes axillary, umbel-like, 1-8 cm, 10- to many flowered; peduncle 1-2 cm, pubescent. Pedicel 7-10 mm, pubescent. Sepals ovate-oblong, ca. 2 × 0.8 mm, puberulent; basal glands 5. Corolla reflexed; tube ca. 1 mm; lobes oblong, 4.5-5 × ca. 1.8 mm, glabrous outside, minutely villous inside. Corona deeply 5-lobed; lobes ovate, drying darker than corolla, fleshy, as long as or slightly longer than gynostegium, with a rounded, ligulate, adaxial appendage. Pollinia oblong. Follicles divaricate, lanceolate in outline, to 7.5-11 cm × 8-10 mm, with 2 narrow ridges running the whole length, glabrous. Seeds oblong-ovate, apex truncate; coma ca. 2 cm. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Jul-Nov. 2n = 22.
* Thickets, open woods; 1000-2800 m. Anhui, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan
The roots are used medicinally for epilepsy, hydrophobia, and detoxifying viper bites.

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