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卵叶马兜铃Aristolochia ovatifolia S. M. Hwang

卵叶马兜铃Aristolochia ovatifolia S. M. Hwang

别名:大寒药;木防已;木防己;青木香;

科名:马兜铃科 Aristolochiaceae

属名:马兜铃属 Aristolochia

《中国植物志》第24卷227页
  23.卵叶马兜铃(植物分类学报)大寒药(四川)图版54:3-6
  Aristolochia ovatifolia S. M. Hwang in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 19 (2) : 226. f. 5. 1981. ——A. feddei auct. non Levl.:中国高等植物图鉴补编,1:254. 图254. 1982.
  木质藤本;根圆柱形,细长;嫩枝密被黄棕色倒生长柔毛,老枝无毛,具纵槽纹。叶纸质至革质,卵形,长5-13厘米,宽4-8厘米,顶端短尖,基部深心形,两侧裂片下垂,湾缺深5-10厘米,宽约5毫米,有时两裂片互相重叠,边全缘,稍背卷;嫩叶上面密被黄棕色长硬毛,成长叶变无毛,下面密被灰白色或黄棕色长绒毛;基出脉3-5条,侧脉每边3-4条,网脉在下面明显隆起;叶柄纤细,长3-5厘米,上面具深槽纹。花单生于叶腋,紫红色;花梗纤细,长3-6厘米,向下弯垂,近中部有一小苞片;小苞片卵形,长3-5毫米,密被灰白色长柔毛;花被管中部急遽弯曲,下部长10-15毫米,直径7-10毫米,上部较下部稍长或近相等,外面疏被长柔毛或无毛,具纵脉纹和不规则网纹,内面有乳头状腺毛;喉部有3-4个半圆形突起组成的环;檐部圆筒形,长1.5-2.5厘米,宽10-15毫米,偏于一侧,边缘稍3裂,裂片等大或稍不等大,半圆形或下面裂片近截形,长1.5-2.5毫米,宽4-5毫米,内面具乳头状突起;花药长圆形,成对贴生于合蕊柱近基部,子房圆柱形,长约1厘米,6棱,密被黄棕色长柔毛;合蕊柱顶端3裂;裂片边缘向下延伸,皱波状。蒴果圆柱形,长约6厘米,直径约2厘米,成熟时暗褐色,6棱,棱常呈波状;种子长卵形,长约6毫米,宽约4毫米,背面平凸状,腹面凹入。花期4-5月,果期6-8月。
  产于云南(嵩明)、四川(会东)和贵州(威宁)。生于海拔1000-2500米灌木丛中或疏林下。模式标本采自四川会东。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Aristolochia ovatifolia  S. M. Hwang
卵叶马兜铃   luan ye ma dou ling
Shrubs climbing. Stems terete, striate, densely yellow-brown villous, with elongate internodes. Petiole 3-5 cm, yellow-brown villous; leaf blade ovate, 5-13 × 4-8 cm, leathery, abaxially densely gray or yellow-brown villous, adaxially densely gray or yellow-brown villous when young, glabrescent, veins palmate, 3-5 pairs from base, base deeply cordate, sinus 5-10 × ca. 0.5 cm, apex acute. Flowers in axils of leafy shoots, solitary. Pedicel pendulous, 3-6 cm, grayish pilose; bractlets ovate, 3-5 × 3-4 mm, inserted on basal 1/2 of peduncle. Calyx purple-red; tube geniculately curved, abaxially villous to glabrous; basal portion of tube 10-15 × 7-10 mm; limb subcylindric, 1.5-2.5 × 1-1.5 cm, 3-lobed; lobes slightly unequal, subrounded or lower lobe nearly truncate. Anthers oblong, ca. 2 mm. Gynostemium 3-lobed. Capsule cylindric, undulately 6-angled, ca. 6 × 2 cm, dehiscing basipetally. Seeds narrowly ovoid, ca. 6 × 4 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Aug.
* Thickets, forests; 1000-1600 m. Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.

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