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广西马兜铃Aristolochia kwangsiensis Chun et How ex C. F. Liang

广西马兜铃Aristolochia kwangsiensis Chun et How ex C. F. Liang

别名:管南香;萝卜防己;广南香;大百解薯;总管;圆叶马兜铃;南蛇藤;南瓜叶广木香;萝匐防己;大叶马兜铃;南瓜广木香;金银袋;大总管;地雷;大青木香;大叶山总管;川南马兜铃;黑地雷;

科名:马兜铃科 Aristolochiaceae

属名:马兜铃属 Aristolochia

《中国植物志》第24卷208页
  5.广西马兜铃(拉汉种子植物名称)大叶马兜铃(广西植物名录),大百解薯、圆叶马兜铃、总管(广西),南蛇藤(福建)图版48:1-6
  Aristolochia kwangsiensis Chun et How ex C. F. Liang in Act. Phytotax. Sin, 13(2) : 12f. 1(4) : 1975. ——A. austroszechuanica C. B. Chien et C. Y. Cheng,中国高等植物图鉴补编1: 255. 图8510. 1982 nom. nud.
  木质大藤本;块根椭圆形或纺锤形,常数个相连,表面棕褐色,外皮常有裂纹,内面淡黄色;嫩枝有稜,密被污黄色或淡棕色长硬毛,老枝无毛,有增厚、呈长条状剥落的木栓层。叶厚纸质至革质,卵状心形或圆形,长11-25(-35)厘米,宽9-22(-32)厘米,顶端钝或短尖,基部宽心形,湾缺深3-5厘米,边全缘,嫩叶上面疏被长硬毛,成长叶除叶脉外,两面均密被污黄色或淡棕色长硬毛;基出脉5条,侧脉每边3-5条,网脉上面平坦或稍隆起,下面明显隆起;叶柄长6-15厘米,直径3-5毫米,上面有深槽,密被长硬毛。总状花序腋生,有花2-3朵;花梗长2.5-3.5厘米,常向下弯垂,密被污黄色或淡棕色长硬毛,近基部具小苞片;小苞片钻形,长约3毫米,密被长硬毛;花被管中部急遽弯曲,下部长2-3.5厘米,直径0.5-1厘米,弯曲处至檐部与下部近等长而较狭,外面淡绿色,具褐色纵脉纹和纵稜,密被淡棕色长硬毛,内面无毛;檐部盘状,近圆三角形,直径3.5-4.5厘米,上面兰紫色而有暗红色棘状突起,具网脉,外面密被棕色长硬毛,边缘浅3裂,裂片平展,阔三角形,长约1.5厘米,宽约2厘米,边缘常外反,顶端短尖,喉部近圆形,黄色,稍突出成领状;花药长圆形,成对贴生于合蕊柱近基部,并与其裂片对生,子房圆柱形,长约1厘米,6稜;合蕊柱顶端3裂,裂片顶端钝,边缘向下延伸而翻卷,具乳头状突起。蒴果暗黄色,长圆柱形,长8-10厘米,直径约2厘米,有6稜,顶端具长约3毫米的喙,基部收狭;成熟时自顶端向下6瓣开裂;种子卵形,长约5毫米,宽约4毫米,背面平凸状,腹面凹入,栗褐色。花期4-5月,果期8-9月。
  产于广西(龙州、陆川)、云南(广南、富宁)、四川(南川)、贵州(罗旬、赤水)、湖南(宜章)、浙江(丽水)、广东(从化)、福建(南靖)等省区。生于海拔600-1600米山谷林中。模式标本采自广西龙州。
  块根入药,味苦、性寒,有小毒。有清热、解毒、止血、止痛之效,治喉痛、腹痛、跌打、疟疾、蛇伤等。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Aristolochia kwangsiensis  W. Y. Chun & F. C. How ex C. F. Liang
广西马兜铃   guang xi ma dou ling
?Aristolochia austroszechuanica J. L. Wu & Z. L. Yang.
Shrubs climbing. Stems terete, shallowly striate, densely dusty yellow to brownish hirsute. Petiole 6-15 cm, densely hirsute; leaf blade cordate to orbicular, 11-13 × 9-32 cm, papery, both surfaces moderately to densely hirsute, veins palmate, 2 pairs from base, base cordate or auriculate, sinus 3-5 cm deep, apex obtuse or acute. Racemes in axils of leafy shoots, 2- or 3-flowered. Pedicel pendulous, 2.5-3.5 cm, hirsute; bractlets subulate, 3-6 mm. Calyx limb dark purple, throat yellow, 4-5 cm; tube horseshoe-shaped, abaxially densely hirsute; basal portion of tube 20-35 × 3-10 mm; limb discoid-suborbicular, 3.5-4.5 cm in diam., distinctly 3-lobed; lobes broadly deltoid. Anthers oblong, ca. 2 mm. Gynostemium 3-lobed. Capsule cylindric, 8-10 × 2 cm, dehiscing basipetally. Seeds ovoid, 5 × 4 mm. Fl. Mar-May, fr. Aug-Sep.
* Forests on mountain slopes; 600-1600 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
Aristolochia austroszechuanica is included here on the basis of the protologue; further research is needed to clarify its position and status.

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