扇叶铁线蕨Adiantum flabellulatum L. Sp.
扇叶铁线蕨Adiantum flabellulatum L. Sp.
17.扇叶铁线蕨（植物分类学报）铁线蕨（岭南采药录）过坛龙（植物名实图考）图版50：1-3
Adiantum flabellulatum L. Sp. P1. 2: 1095. 1753; Sw. Syn. Fil. 121. 1806; Hook. Sp. Fil. 2: 30. 1851 et in Journ. Bot. 330. 1875; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 126. 1867; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 447. 1861; Bedd. Ferns S. Ind. t. 218. 1864 et Handb. Ferns Brit. Ind. 88. 1883; Franch. et Sav. Enum. P1. Jap. 2: 212. 1876; Clarke in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2. Bot. 1: 454. 1880; Bak in Journ. Bot. 23: 108. 1885; Henry, List Pl. Form. 110. 1896; Diels in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 284. 1899. Matsum. et Hay. Enum. Pl. Form. 617. 1906; C. Chr. Ind. Fil. 26. 1906 et in Acta Hort. Gothob. 1: 95. 1924; v. A. v. R. Handb. Mal. Ferns 334. 1908; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Add. Ser. 10: 338. 1912; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 6: 39. 1929; Ogata, Ic. Fil. Jap. 2: t. 52. 1924; Wu, Wong et Pong in Bull. Dept. Biol. Sun Yatsen Univ. No. 3: 226.t. 104. 1932; Tagawa in Journ. Jap. Bot 14: 391. 1933 et Col. Illustr. Jap. Pterid. t. 20, f. 119. 1959; Tard.-Blot et C. ghr. F1. Indo-Chine 7(2): 189. 1940; H. Ito, Fil. Jap. Illustr. t. 75. 1944; DeVol, Ferns East Centr. China in NotesBot. Chin. Mus. Heude No. 7. 116. 1945; Dickason in Ohio Journ. Sci. 46: 135. 1949; Holttum, Fl. Mal. 2. Ferns Mal. 603, f. 354. 1954; 侯宽昭等, 广州植物志45. 图3, 1956; Ching in Acta Phytotag. Sinica 6: 326. 1957 et Ic. Fil. Sin. 5: t. 223. 1958, 傅书遐, 中国主要植物图说 蕨类植物门94. 图116. 1957; Ching et al., in W. Y. Chunet al Fl. Hainan. 1: 84. 1964; Ohwi, Fl. Japan 47. 1965; Ic. Cormoph. Sinic. 1: 167, f. 333. 1972; Shieh in H. L. Li et al. Fl. Taiwan 1: 305. 1975; Y. L. Chang et al Sporae Pterid. Sin. 175. t. 36, 1-2. 1976; Edie, Ferns Hong kong 247. f. 143. 1978; Fl. Fujian. 1: 87. f. 80. 1982. ——Adiantum fuscum Retz. Obs. 2: 28. t. 5. 1781. ——Adiantum amoenum Wall. List n. 78. 1928. nom. nud.; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 103. 1829; Hook in Lond. Journ. Bot. 1: 294. 1840.
植株高20-45厘米。根状茎短而直立，密被棕色、有光泽的钻状披针形鳞片。叶簇生；柄长10-30厘米，粗2.5毫米，紫黑色，有光泽，基部被有和根状上同样的鳞片，向上光滑，上面有纵沟1条，沟内有棕色短硬毛；叶片扇形，长10-25厘米，二至三回不对称的二叉分枝，通常中央的羽片较长，两侧的与中央羽片同形而略短，长可达5厘米，中央羽片线状披针形，长6-15厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，奇数一回羽状;小羽片8-15对，互生，平展，具短柄（长1-2毫米），相距5-12毫米，彼此接近或稍疏离，中部以下的小羽片大小几相等，长6-15毫米，宽5-10毫米，对开式的半圆形（能育的），或为斜方形（不育的），内缘及下缘直而全缘，基部为阔楔形或扇状楔形，外缘和上缘近圆形或圆截形，能育部分具浅缺刻，裂片全缘，不育部分具细锯齿，顶部小羽片与下部的同形而略小，顶生，小羽片倒卵形或扇形，与其下的小羽片同大或稍大。叶脉多回二歧分叉，直达边缘，两面均明显。叶干后近革质，绿色或常为褐色，两面均无毛；各回羽轴及小羽柄均为紫黑色，有光泽，上面均密被红棕色短刚毛，下面光滑。孢子囊群每羽片2-5枚，横生于裂片上缘和外缘，以缺刻分开；囊群盖半圆形或长圆形，上缘平直，革质，褐黑色，全缘，宿存。孢子具不明显的颗粒状纹饰。染色体2n＝116。
产我国台湾（台北）、福建（南靖、南平、长汀、宁化、建阳、建欧、连城、沙县、武夷山、福州、厦门）、江西（瑞金、兴国、会昌、安远、广昌、大余、寻部、遂川）、广东（大埔、惠阳、增城、花县、平远、连南、蕉岭、南雄、德庆、封川、和平、饶平、仁化、阳山、防城、高要、新兴、丰顺、乐昌、广州、电白、信宜、珠江口沿海岛屿）、海南、湖南（江永、黔阳）、浙江（雁荡山、青田）、广西（南宁、桂林、兴安、琶宁、平乐、阳朔、横县、百色、凭祥、梧州、苍梧）、贵州（三都、册亨、望谟）、四川（缙云山、乐山、江北）、云南（麻栗坡、屏边、允景洪、河口、思茅、勐海、普洱）。生于阳光充足的酸性红、黄壤上，海拔100-1 100米。日本（九州及琉球群岛）、越南、缅甸、印度、斯里兰卡及马来群岛均有分布。模式标本采自我国珠江口岛屿。
本种全草入药，清热解毒、舒筋活络、利尿、化痰、消肿、止血、止痛，治跌打内伤，外敷治烫火伤，毒蛇、娱蚣咬伤及疮痛初起；还治乳猪下痢、猪丹毒及牛瘟。此外，它生于pH值为4.5-5.0左右灰化红壤和红黄壤上，是酸性土的指示植物。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Adiantum flabellulatum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1095. 1753.
扇叶铁线蕨 shan ye tie xian jue
Adiantum amoenum Wallich ex Hooker & Greville; A. fuscum Retzius.
Plants terrestrial, 20-45 cm tall. Rhizomes erect, short, scales dense, yellowish to brown, glossy, linear-lanceolate, margins entire. Fronds clustered; stipe black-purple, glossy, 10-30 cm, adaxially grooved with short stiff brown hairs inside, base covered with same scales as rhizome, distally glabrous; lamina pedately 2- or 3-dichotomously branched, flabellate in outline, 10-25 cm, middle pinnae usually longer, 1-imparipinnate; costae and stalks purple-black, abaxially glabrous, adaxially with dense, short, brown-red hairs; middle pinnae 1-pinnate, linear-lanceolate, 6-15 × 1.5-2 cm; outer pinnae similar but slightly shorter, up to 5 cm; pinnules 8-15 pairs per pinna, alternate, horizontally spreading; stalk 1-2 mm; blade below middle ± uniform in size, dimidiate-semi-orbicular when fertile, rhomboid when sterile, 6-15 × 5-10 mm, thinly leathery, green or dark brown, both surfaces glabrous, base broadly cuneate or flabellately cuneate, inner and lower margins straight and entire, outer and upper margins subrounded or rounded-truncate, fertile parts shallowly sinuate, segments entire, sterile parts denticulate; distal pinnules similar but slightly smaller; terminal pinnules obovate or flabellate, equal to or slightly larger than lower pinnules; veins multidichotomously forked and reaching margins, visible on both surfaces. Sori 2-5 per pinnule, horizontal, at upper and outer margins of segments; false indusia dark brown, semi-orbicular or oblong, glabrous, upper margins flat and straight, entire, persistent. Perispore indistinctly granular. 2n = 116.
Acidic red and yellow soils in open areas; 100-1100 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Indonesia, Japan (including Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
The whole plant is used in traditional Chinese medicine and has a variety of uses. The plant is an indicator of acidity, growing on red and yellow soils with a pH of 4.5-5.The name “Adiantum chinense” was a pre-Linnaean name introduced by Plukenet and recorded by N. L. Burman (Fl. Indica, 236. 1768) as a synonym of A. flabellulatum.
别名：旱猪毛七;黑骨芒箕;呀呼华;大猪毛七;过壇龙;黑脚蕨;考拉蒙;铁金沙;铁鲁箕;铁扫帚;铁扇蕨;扇叶铁丝蕨;过坛龙;铁线草;扇羽铁线蕨;蕨门;黑骨芒萁;乌脚枹;黑脚芒萁;乌脚枪;铁线蕨;过江龙;
科名：铁线蕨科 Adiantaceae
属名：铁线蕨属 Adiantum
17.扇叶铁线蕨（植物分类学报）铁线蕨（岭南采药录）过坛龙（植物名实图考）图版50：1-3
Adiantum flabellulatum L. Sp. P1. 2: 1095. 1753; Sw. Syn. Fil. 121. 1806; Hook. Sp. Fil. 2: 30. 1851 et in Journ. Bot. 330. 1875; Hook. et Bak. Syn. Fil. 126. 1867; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 447. 1861; Bedd. Ferns S. Ind. t. 218. 1864 et Handb. Ferns Brit. Ind. 88. 1883; Franch. et Sav. Enum. P1. Jap. 2: 212. 1876; Clarke in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2. Bot. 1: 454. 1880; Bak in Journ. Bot. 23: 108. 1885; Henry, List Pl. Form. 110. 1896; Diels in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 284. 1899. Matsum. et Hay. Enum. Pl. Form. 617. 1906; C. Chr. Ind. Fil. 26. 1906 et in Acta Hort. Gothob. 1: 95. 1924; v. A. v. R. Handb. Mal. Ferns 334. 1908; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Add. Ser. 10: 338. 1912; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 6: 39. 1929; Ogata, Ic. Fil. Jap. 2: t. 52. 1924; Wu, Wong et Pong in Bull. Dept. Biol. Sun Yatsen Univ. No. 3: 226.t. 104. 1932; Tagawa in Journ. Jap. Bot 14: 391. 1933 et Col. Illustr. Jap. Pterid. t. 20, f. 119. 1959; Tard.-Blot et C. ghr. F1. Indo-Chine 7(2): 189. 1940; H. Ito, Fil. Jap. Illustr. t. 75. 1944; DeVol, Ferns East Centr. China in NotesBot. Chin. Mus. Heude No. 7. 116. 1945; Dickason in Ohio Journ. Sci. 46: 135. 1949; Holttum, Fl. Mal. 2. Ferns Mal. 603, f. 354. 1954; 侯宽昭等, 广州植物志45. 图3, 1956; Ching in Acta Phytotag. Sinica 6: 326. 1957 et Ic. Fil. Sin. 5: t. 223. 1958, 傅书遐, 中国主要植物图说 蕨类植物门94. 图116. 1957; Ching et al., in W. Y. Chunet al Fl. Hainan. 1: 84. 1964; Ohwi, Fl. Japan 47. 1965; Ic. Cormoph. Sinic. 1: 167, f. 333. 1972; Shieh in H. L. Li et al. Fl. Taiwan 1: 305. 1975; Y. L. Chang et al Sporae Pterid. Sin. 175. t. 36, 1-2. 1976; Edie, Ferns Hong kong 247. f. 143. 1978; Fl. Fujian. 1: 87. f. 80. 1982. ——Adiantum fuscum Retz. Obs. 2: 28. t. 5. 1781. ——Adiantum amoenum Wall. List n. 78. 1928. nom. nud.; Hook. et Grev. Ic. Fil. t. 103. 1829; Hook in Lond. Journ. Bot. 1: 294. 1840.
植株高20-45厘米。根状茎短而直立，密被棕色、有光泽的钻状披针形鳞片。叶簇生；柄长10-30厘米，粗2.5毫米，紫黑色，有光泽，基部被有和根状上同样的鳞片，向上光滑，上面有纵沟1条，沟内有棕色短硬毛；叶片扇形，长10-25厘米，二至三回不对称的二叉分枝，通常中央的羽片较长，两侧的与中央羽片同形而略短，长可达5厘米，中央羽片线状披针形，长6-15厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，奇数一回羽状;小羽片8-15对，互生，平展，具短柄（长1-2毫米），相距5-12毫米，彼此接近或稍疏离，中部以下的小羽片大小几相等，长6-15毫米，宽5-10毫米，对开式的半圆形（能育的），或为斜方形（不育的），内缘及下缘直而全缘，基部为阔楔形或扇状楔形，外缘和上缘近圆形或圆截形，能育部分具浅缺刻，裂片全缘，不育部分具细锯齿，顶部小羽片与下部的同形而略小，顶生，小羽片倒卵形或扇形，与其下的小羽片同大或稍大。叶脉多回二歧分叉，直达边缘，两面均明显。叶干后近革质，绿色或常为褐色，两面均无毛；各回羽轴及小羽柄均为紫黑色，有光泽，上面均密被红棕色短刚毛，下面光滑。孢子囊群每羽片2-5枚，横生于裂片上缘和外缘，以缺刻分开；囊群盖半圆形或长圆形，上缘平直，革质，褐黑色，全缘，宿存。孢子具不明显的颗粒状纹饰。染色体2n＝116。
产我国台湾（台北）、福建（南靖、南平、长汀、宁化、建阳、建欧、连城、沙县、武夷山、福州、厦门）、江西（瑞金、兴国、会昌、安远、广昌、大余、寻部、遂川）、广东（大埔、惠阳、增城、花县、平远、连南、蕉岭、南雄、德庆、封川、和平、饶平、仁化、阳山、防城、高要、新兴、丰顺、乐昌、广州、电白、信宜、珠江口沿海岛屿）、海南、湖南（江永、黔阳）、浙江（雁荡山、青田）、广西（南宁、桂林、兴安、琶宁、平乐、阳朔、横县、百色、凭祥、梧州、苍梧）、贵州（三都、册亨、望谟）、四川（缙云山、乐山、江北）、云南（麻栗坡、屏边、允景洪、河口、思茅、勐海、普洱）。生于阳光充足的酸性红、黄壤上，海拔100-1 100米。日本（九州及琉球群岛）、越南、缅甸、印度、斯里兰卡及马来群岛均有分布。模式标本采自我国珠江口岛屿。
本种全草入药，清热解毒、舒筋活络、利尿、化痰、消肿、止血、止痛，治跌打内伤，外敷治烫火伤，毒蛇、娱蚣咬伤及疮痛初起；还治乳猪下痢、猪丹毒及牛瘟。此外，它生于pH值为4.5-5.0左右灰化红壤和红黄壤上，是酸性土的指示植物。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Adiantum flabellulatum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1095. 1753.
扇叶铁线蕨 shan ye tie xian jue
Adiantum amoenum Wallich ex Hooker & Greville; A. fuscum Retzius.
Plants terrestrial, 20-45 cm tall. Rhizomes erect, short, scales dense, yellowish to brown, glossy, linear-lanceolate, margins entire. Fronds clustered; stipe black-purple, glossy, 10-30 cm, adaxially grooved with short stiff brown hairs inside, base covered with same scales as rhizome, distally glabrous; lamina pedately 2- or 3-dichotomously branched, flabellate in outline, 10-25 cm, middle pinnae usually longer, 1-imparipinnate; costae and stalks purple-black, abaxially glabrous, adaxially with dense, short, brown-red hairs; middle pinnae 1-pinnate, linear-lanceolate, 6-15 × 1.5-2 cm; outer pinnae similar but slightly shorter, up to 5 cm; pinnules 8-15 pairs per pinna, alternate, horizontally spreading; stalk 1-2 mm; blade below middle ± uniform in size, dimidiate-semi-orbicular when fertile, rhomboid when sterile, 6-15 × 5-10 mm, thinly leathery, green or dark brown, both surfaces glabrous, base broadly cuneate or flabellately cuneate, inner and lower margins straight and entire, outer and upper margins subrounded or rounded-truncate, fertile parts shallowly sinuate, segments entire, sterile parts denticulate; distal pinnules similar but slightly smaller; terminal pinnules obovate or flabellate, equal to or slightly larger than lower pinnules; veins multidichotomously forked and reaching margins, visible on both surfaces. Sori 2-5 per pinnule, horizontal, at upper and outer margins of segments; false indusia dark brown, semi-orbicular or oblong, glabrous, upper margins flat and straight, entire, persistent. Perispore indistinctly granular. 2n = 116.
Acidic red and yellow soils in open areas; 100-1100 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Indonesia, Japan (including Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
The whole plant is used in traditional Chinese medicine and has a variety of uses. The plant is an indicator of acidity, growing on red and yellow soils with a pH of 4.5-5.The name “Adiantum chinense” was a pre-Linnaean name introduced by Plukenet and recorded by N. L. Burman (Fl. Indica, 236. 1768) as a synonym of A. flabellulatum.