三花枪刀药Hypoestes triflora Roem. et Schult.
三花枪刀药Hypoestes triflora Roem. et Schult.
2.三花枪刀药（中国高等植物图鉴）
Hypoestes triflora Roem. et Schult. Syst. 1: 88. 1817; Nees in DC. Prodr. 11:506. 1847; T. Anders in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 9: 522. 1867; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 557. 1865; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 173. 1975; 植物研究1(4): 108. 1981;西藏植物志4: 417. 1985.——-Dicliptera riparia Nees var. yunnanensis Hand.-Mazz. , Symb. Sin. 7: 898. 1936.
多年生草本，高达1.5米。茎多分枝，有关节，节间通长伸长。叶卵形状椭圆形至椭圆状矩圆形，顶端渐尖，边缘具极浅的钝齿，长3-10厘米，宽1.5-5厘米，两面疏生短柔毛。花序由1-5聚伞花序集成，交互生枝顶或上部叶腋，聚伞花序近无梗，苞片不等，外方2枚相联成总苞状，倒披针状矩圆形至倒卵状矩圆形，基部楔形，顶端绿色而带肉质，有短柔毛，其余4-6枚仅基部相联，较小，线状-披针形，急尖，干膜质而非绿色；花萼裂片4，条状披针形，长约5毫米；花冠长约1.5厘米，外生短柔毛，2唇形，下唇微3裂；雄蕊2，花药1室。蒴果长约9毫米，上部具4粒种子，下部实心；种子有小疣状凸起。
产云南（昆明西山、嵩明、富民、鹤庆、丽江、漾濞、腾冲、福贡、景东、勐海、勐连、蒙自）。生于海拔300-2100米路边或林下。温带喜马拉雅（尼泊尔、锡金、不丹）也有分布。据C. B. Clarke亦产非州东北部的埃塞俄比亚。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hypoestes triflora (Forssk?l) Roemer & Schultes Syst. Veg. 1: 141. 1817.
三花枪刀药 san hua qiang dao yao
Justicia triflora Forssk?l, Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 4. 1775; Dicliptera riparia Nees var. yunnanensis Handel-Mazzetti.
Herbs to 1 m tall, decumbent, much branched. Stems 4-angled, sulcate, strigose. Petiole 1-3 cm, pubescent; leaf blade ovate, ovate-elliptic, or oblong, (1.3-)3-10 × (1-)2-4 cm, both surfaces sparsely pubescent, secondary veins 4-7 on each side of midvein, base cuneate and decurrent onto petiole, margin minutely crenate to denticulate, apex acuminate. Cymes pedunculate in leaf axils and/or in axils of subleaflike bracts distally or in a terminal cluster, (1-)3(-5)-flowered; outer pair of bracteoles elliptic to obovate to oblanceolate, 0.7-1.7 × 0.4-0.6 cm, green toward apex, abaxially pilose, base cuneate, apex rounded to acute; inner pair of bracteoles linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, smaller, basally connate, apex acute. Calyx ca. 6 mm, 5-lobed almost to base; lobes linear-lanceolate, ca. 5 mm. Corolla white to pink with maroon markings, ca. 1.5 cm, outside pubescent; tube basally cylindric and ca. 1 mm wide for ca. 1 cm; lip in lower position lanceolate, ca. 5 × 1.5 mm, apex slightly 2-lobed; lip in upper position oblong, ca. 5 × 3 mm. Ovary pubescent; style ca. 1.4 cm, glabrous; stigma unequally 2-lobed. Capsule ca. 9 mm, pubescent (at least distally). Seeds black, ovate in outline, ca. 2 × 2 mm, verrucose. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Sep-Jan. 2n = 30.
Trailsides, forests; 300-2400 m. Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal; Africa].
【别名】 大青草[四川西昌]、小九头
【来源】 爵床科三花枪刀药Hypoestes triflora Roem. et Schult.，以全草入药。
【生境分布】 四川、云南。
【性味】 微涩，凉。
【功能主治】 清热解毒，止咳化痰，止血生肌。
【用法用量】 鲜品1两，水煎服。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》
别名：三花刀枪药;三花枪药;枪刀药;土巴戟;
科名：爵床科 Acanthaceae
属名：枪刀药属 Hypoestes
2.三花枪刀药（中国高等植物图鉴）
Hypoestes triflora Roem. et Schult. Syst. 1: 88. 1817; Nees in DC. Prodr. 11:506. 1847; T. Anders in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 9: 522. 1867; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 557. 1865; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 173. 1975; 植物研究1(4): 108. 1981;西藏植物志4: 417. 1985.——-Dicliptera riparia Nees var. yunnanensis Hand.-Mazz. , Symb. Sin. 7: 898. 1936.
多年生草本，高达1.5米。茎多分枝，有关节，节间通长伸长。叶卵形状椭圆形至椭圆状矩圆形，顶端渐尖，边缘具极浅的钝齿，长3-10厘米，宽1.5-5厘米，两面疏生短柔毛。花序由1-5聚伞花序集成，交互生枝顶或上部叶腋，聚伞花序近无梗，苞片不等，外方2枚相联成总苞状，倒披针状矩圆形至倒卵状矩圆形，基部楔形，顶端绿色而带肉质，有短柔毛，其余4-6枚仅基部相联，较小，线状-披针形，急尖，干膜质而非绿色；花萼裂片4，条状披针形，长约5毫米；花冠长约1.5厘米，外生短柔毛，2唇形，下唇微3裂；雄蕊2，花药1室。蒴果长约9毫米，上部具4粒种子，下部实心；种子有小疣状凸起。
产云南（昆明西山、嵩明、富民、鹤庆、丽江、漾濞、腾冲、福贡、景东、勐海、勐连、蒙自）。生于海拔300-2100米路边或林下。温带喜马拉雅（尼泊尔、锡金、不丹）也有分布。据C. B. Clarke亦产非州东北部的埃塞俄比亚。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hypoestes triflora (Forssk?l) Roemer & Schultes Syst. Veg. 1: 141. 1817.
三花枪刀药 san hua qiang dao yao
Justicia triflora Forssk?l, Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 4. 1775; Dicliptera riparia Nees var. yunnanensis Handel-Mazzetti.
Herbs to 1 m tall, decumbent, much branched. Stems 4-angled, sulcate, strigose. Petiole 1-3 cm, pubescent; leaf blade ovate, ovate-elliptic, or oblong, (1.3-)3-10 × (1-)2-4 cm, both surfaces sparsely pubescent, secondary veins 4-7 on each side of midvein, base cuneate and decurrent onto petiole, margin minutely crenate to denticulate, apex acuminate. Cymes pedunculate in leaf axils and/or in axils of subleaflike bracts distally or in a terminal cluster, (1-)3(-5)-flowered; outer pair of bracteoles elliptic to obovate to oblanceolate, 0.7-1.7 × 0.4-0.6 cm, green toward apex, abaxially pilose, base cuneate, apex rounded to acute; inner pair of bracteoles linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, smaller, basally connate, apex acute. Calyx ca. 6 mm, 5-lobed almost to base; lobes linear-lanceolate, ca. 5 mm. Corolla white to pink with maroon markings, ca. 1.5 cm, outside pubescent; tube basally cylindric and ca. 1 mm wide for ca. 1 cm; lip in lower position lanceolate, ca. 5 × 1.5 mm, apex slightly 2-lobed; lip in upper position oblong, ca. 5 × 3 mm. Ovary pubescent; style ca. 1.4 cm, glabrous; stigma unequally 2-lobed. Capsule ca. 9 mm, pubescent (at least distally). Seeds black, ovate in outline, ca. 2 × 2 mm, verrucose. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Sep-Jan. 2n = 30.
Trailsides, forests; 300-2400 m. Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal; Africa].
【别名】 大青草[四川西昌]、小九头
【来源】 爵床科三花枪刀药Hypoestes triflora Roem. et Schult.，以全草入药。
【生境分布】 四川、云南。
【性味】 微涩，凉。
【功能主治】 清热解毒，止咳化痰，止血生肌。
【用法用量】 鲜品1两，水煎服。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》