栏目

老鼠簕Acanthus ilicifolius Linn. Sp.

老鼠簕Acanthus ilicifolius Linn. Sp.

别名:软背牡丹;莨簕花;老鼠刺;茛;胶啶刺;蚧爪簕;老鼠勒;咸水胶啶刺;老鼠怕;三角靛;木老鼠簕;老鼠筋;莨艻花;莨(艹+力)花;茛(艹/力)花;水老鼠簕;蚧瓜簕;软骨牡丹;

科名:爵床科 Acanthaceae

属名:老鼠簕属 Acanthus

《中国植物志》第70卷045页
  1.老鼠簕(广州)图版4:1-7
  Acanthus ilicifolius L. Sp. Pl. 639. 1753; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 242. 1890; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 481. 1884; R. Ben. in Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 4: 697. 1935; 海南植物志3: 553. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 166.图5745. 1975——Dilivaria ilicifolia(L. )Nees in Wall, Pl. As. Rar. 3: 98. 1832 et in DC. Prodr. 11: 268. 1847.
  直立灌木,高达2米。茎粗壮,径达9毫米,圆柱状,上部有分枝,无毛。托叶成刺状,叶柄长3-6毫米;叶片长圆形至长圆状披针形,长6-14厘米,宽2-5厘米,先端急尖,基部楔形,边缘4-5羽状浅裂,近革质,两面无毛,主脉在上面凹下,主侧脉在背面明显凸起,侧脉每侧4-5,自裂片顶端突出为尖锐硬刺。穗状花序顶生;苞片对生,宽卵形,长7-8毫米,无刺,早落;小苞片卵形,长约5毫米,革质;花萼裂片4,外方的1对宽卵形,长10-13毫米,顶端微缺,边缘质薄,有时成皱波状,具缘毛,内方的1对卵形,长约10毫米,全缘。花冠白色,长3-4厘米,花冠管长约6毫米,上唇退化,下唇倒卵形,长约3厘米,薄革质,顶端3裂,外面被柔毛,内面上部两侧各有1条3-4毫米宽的被毛带;雄蕊4,近等长,花药1室,纵裂,裂缝两侧各有1列髯毛,花丝粗厚,长1.5厘米,最宽处约2毫米,近软骨质;子房顶部软骨质,花柱有纵纹,长2.2厘米;柱头2裂。蒴果椭圆形,长2.5-3厘米,有种子4颗。种子扁平,圆肾形,淡黄色。
  产海南、广东、福建。生于我国南部海岸及潮汐能至的滨海地带,为红树林重要组成之一。据标本记录,根可入药,有凉血清热、散痰积、解毒止痛功能。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Acanthus ilicifolius  Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 639. 1753.
老鼠簕   lao shu le
Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl var. xiamenensis (R. T. Zhang) C. Y. Wu & C. C. Hu; A. ilicifolius var. xiamenensis (R. T. Zhang) Y. F. Deng, N. H. Xia & Heng B. Chen; A. xiamenensis R. T. Zhang; Dilivaria ilicifolia (Linnaeus) Jussieu.
Shrubs to 2 m tall, erect. Stems stout, scarcely branched, glabrous, often with stipulelike spines at nodes. Petiole 3-6 mm, thick, glabrous; leaf blade oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 6-14 × 2-5 cm, glabrous, secondary veins 5-7 on each side of midvein, base cuneate, margin pinnatifid and with few large spines, serrate, or subentire, apex truncate. Spikes terminal, to 16.5 cm; bracts broadly ovate, 7-8 mm, caducous; bracteoles ovate, ca. 5 mm, leathery. Calyx posterior and anterior lobes 1-1.3 cm, margin scarious and sometimes crispate, apex emarginate; lateral lobes ovate, ca. 1 cm, margin entire. Corolla white [bluish to pinkish], 3-4 cm; tube ca. 6 mm; lip obovate, 2.2-3 cm, thinly leathery, outside with soft trichomes, apex 3-cleft. Stamens equal; filaments ca. 1.5 cm; anther theca with a line of trichomes on both sides of suture. Style ca. 2.2 cm. Capsule 2.5-3 cm. Seeds light yellow, reniform. Fl. Feb-Mar, fr. Aug-Sep. 2n = 44, 48.
Mangrove swamps, marshes; near sea level. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia, Pacific islands].
This species is used medicinally.This species is used medicinally.

【拼音名】 Láo Shǔ Lè
【别名】 木老鼠簕、水老鼠簕、茛芀花
【来源】 爵床科老鼠簕属植物老鼠簕Acanthus ilicifolius L.,以全株入药。全年可采,洗净晒干。
【性味】 微咸,凉。
【功能主治】 清热解毒,消肿散结,止咳平喘。用于淋巴结肿大,急、慢性肝炎,肝脾肿大,胃痛,咳嗽,哮喘。
【用法用量】 1~2两。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》

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