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白花荛花Wikstroemia trichotoma (Thunb.) Makino

白花荛花Wikstroemia trichotoma (Thunb.) Makino

科名:瑞香科 Thymelaeaceae

属名:荛花属 Wikstroemia

《中国植物志》第52(1)卷308页
  15.白花荛花 图版48: 3
  Wikstroemia trichotoma (Thunb.) Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 11: 71. 1897, et 15: 190. 1901, et Ill. Fl. Jap. 304. 1940; Qhwi, Fl. Jap. 803. 1953, et l. c. 930. 1978. ——Queria trichotoma Thunb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. London 2: 329. 1794, ——Passerina japonica Sieb. et Zucc., Pl. J ap. Fam. Nat. 2: 200. 1846. ——Wikstroemia japonica (Sieb. et Zucc.) Miq., Prol. Fl. Jap. 298. 1867. ——W. ellipsocarpa Maxim. in Diagn. Pl. Nov. Asiat. 8: 4. 1892——W. alba Hand. -Mazz. in Sitzgsanz. Akad. Wiss. Wien. 58: 180. 1921, et Symb. Sin. 7: 586. 1933, syn. nov. ——Diplomorpha trichotoma (Thunb.) Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 17: 39. 1928; Hamaya in Bull. Tokyo Univ. Forest. 50: 81. 1955. ——Wikstroemia nutans auct. non Champ.: 蔡少兰, 中山大学学报5 (2): 99. 1956, quoad specim. L. Teng 251.
  常绿灌木,全株无毛,高0.5-2.5米;茎粗壮,多分枝,树皮褐色,具皱,小枝纤弱,光亮,直立,开展,当年生枝微黄,稍老则变为紫红色。叶对生,卵形至卵状披针形,长1.2-3.5厘米,宽1-2.2厘米,先端尖,基部宽楔形、圆形或截形,薄纸质,干时浅褐色扩暗淡,下面较苍白,边全缘,叶脉纤细,每边6-8条,在下面更明显。穗状花序具花约10数朵,组成复合而疏松、直立的圆锥花序;花序梗长2.5厘米或无,小花梗近于无或长1/2毫米;花萼筒肉质,白色,裂片5,宽椭圆形,端钝;边缘波状;雄蕊10,线形,长约1毫米,白色,2列,下列5枚在花萼筒1/3以上着生,其余5枚在近喉部着生,花盘鳞片1枚,线形,膜质,子房倒卵形,约长3毫米,顶端被微柔毛,具子房柄,花柱短,长约0.5毫米,柱头大,圆形,长0.5毫米。果卵形,具极短的柄。花期夏季。
  产江西、湖南、安徽、浙江、广东。常见于海拔600米左右的树阴、疏林下或路旁。日本也有。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Wikstroemia trichotoma  (Thunberg) Makino
白花荛花   bai hua rao hua
Shrubs evergreen, 0.5-2.5 m tall. Bark brown, rugose; main stem stout, strong, much branched; branches erect, glossy, slightly yellow, turning purple-red or reddish, extended, slender, glabrous. Leaves opposite; petiole ca. 0.2 cm; leaf blade brown adaxially when dried, light brown to whitish abaxially, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, (0.8-)1.2-3.5(-8) × (0.5-)1-2.2(-4) cm, thinly papery, both surfaces glabrous, base broadly cuneate, rounded, or truncate, apex acute; lateral veins 6-8(-11) pairs, slender, more conspicuous abaxially. Inflorescences terminal, erect, a panicle of spikes, rachis 0.2-1.5(-3.5) cm, few to 10(-26)-flowered, sparsely puberulous; peduncle 1-2.5 cm, often branched, glabrous. Pedicel 0.5-1 mm or obscure. Calyx yellow or white; tube 6.5-20 mm, exterior glabrous; lobes 5, broadly elliptic, 1.7-2 mm, margin undulate, apex obtuse. Stamens 10, lower whorl inserted above ca. 1/3 way up calyx tube, upper whorl at throat; anthers linear, ca. 1 mm. Disk scale 1, linear or linear-oblong, ca. 1/2 as long as ovary, membranous, lobed or truncate. Ovary obovoid, 2-3 mm, stipitate, glabrous or apex sparsely puberulous; style short, ca. 0.5 mm; stigma globose, large. Drupe dry, ovoid, ca. 5 mm, usually glabrous, enclosed in persistent calyx. Fl. summer.
Open forests, among shrubs on limestone hills, shaded places, roadsides; ca. 600 m. Anhui, Guangdong, NC Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang [Japan, S Korea].
This sp ecies has been misidentified by some authors as Wikstro emia nutans. There seem to be discrepancies between evergreen Chinese plants with white flowers and a single linear hypogynal scale and deciduous Japanese plants with larger leaves (to 8 × 3.5 cm), yellow flowers, and up to 3 dissected scales. We therefore recommend more detailed investigations.

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