山桃Amygdalus davidiana (Carr.) C. de Vos

别名：毛桃;山毛桃;花桃;[木虒]桃;野桃;

科名：蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名：桃属 Amygdalus

《中国植物志》第38卷020页
  9. 山桃 榹桃（尔雅），山毛桃，野桃，哲日勒格-陶古日（蒙语）
  Amygdalus davidiana (Carr.) C. de Vos (Handb. Boom. Heest. ed. 2. 16. 1887. nom. nud.) ex Henry in Rev. Hort 1902: 290. f. 120. 1902. ——Persica davidiana Carr. in Rev. Hort. 1872: 74. f. 10. 1872. ——Prunus persica (L.) Batsch var. davidiana Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 29: 81. 1883. ——Prunus davidiana (Carr.) Franch. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, ser. 2.5: 255 (Pl. David. 1: 103. 1884) 1883; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 5:214. 1924; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学 470. 图363. 1937; 中国高等植物图鉴 2: 304, 图2337. 1972; 内蒙古植物志 3: 120. 图版63. 图1-4. 1977. ——Amygdalus davidiana (Carr.) Yu, 中国果树分类学 29. 图6. 1979. ——Amygdalus communis auct. non L. 1753.: Bge. in Mem. Div. Sav. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 2: 95 (Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. 21. 1833) 1835.
形态特征：落叶乔木，可高达10米。树皮暗紫色或灰褐色，枝条多直立。小枝纤细，无毛。腋芽3，并立，中间为叶芽，两侧为花芽。叶卵状披针形，长6—10厘米，宽2—4厘米，先端长渐尖，基部宽楔形，边缘具细锐锯有或无腺点。花单生，先叶开放，近无梗，直径2—3厘米，萼筒钟状，无毛，裂片
用    途：，油可制肥皂、润滑油等，种仁也可供药用，能破血行瘀、润燥滑肠，主治跌打损伤、闭经、血瘀疼痛、高血压、慢性阑尾炎、大便燥结。又为嫁接扁挑和桃树的优良砧木。
分    布：产青阳河和龙口河一带
生    境：海拔800—1200米之间，以青阳河畔较多。
繁殖方式：播种繁殖。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Amygdalus davidiana  (Carriére) de Vos ex L. Henry
山桃   shan tao
Trees to 10 m tall, crown ± spreading. Bark dark purplish red, smooth. Branchlets brown with age, slender, erect, glabrous when young. Winter buds reddish brown, ovoid, 2–5 mm, glabrous, apex acute. Petiole 1–2 cm, glabrous, usually with nectaries; leaf blade ovate-lanceolate, 5–13 × 1.5–4 cm, both surfaces glabrous, base cuneate to rounded, margin acutely or obtusely serrate, apex acuminate. Flowers solitary, opening before leaves, 2–3 cm in diam. Pedicel very short to flower subsessile. Hypanthium campanulate, outside glabrous. Sepals ovate to ovate-oblong, purplish red, nearly as long as hypanthium, outside glabrous, apex obtuse. Petals pink, obovate to suborbicular, 1–1.5 × 0.8–1.2 cm, apex obtuse or rarely emarginate. Stamens many, nearly as long as petals. Ovary pubescent. Style longer or ± as long as stamens. Drupe yellowish, globose, subglobose, ellipsoid, or oblong, 2.5–3.5 cm in diam., densely pubescent; mesocarp thin, dry, not splitting when ripe; endocarp globose, subglobose, ellipsoid, or oblong, not compressed on both sides, surface longitudinally and transversely furrowed and pitted, separating from mesocarp, base truncate, apex obtuse. Fl. Mar–Apr, fr. Jul–Aug.
Forests, thickets, slopes, mountain valleys, waste fields; 800--3200 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan.