栏目

罗汉松Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb.) Sweet

罗汉松Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb.) Sweet

别名:yew plum pine;罗汉松树;小罗汉松;罗汉杉;短叶罗汉松;南罗汉;土松;麻糖果树;松树;短叶土杉;土杉;小叶罗汉松;肉杨柳;

科名:罗汉松科 Podocarpaceae

属名:罗汉松属 Podocarpus

《中国植物志》第7卷412页
  7. 罗汉松(植物名实图考)罗汉杉(中山传信录),土杉(台湾)
  Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb.) D. Don in Lamb. Descr. Gen. Pinus 2: 22. 1824, ed. 2. 2: 123, 1828; Endl. Sny. Conif. 216. 1847; Sieb. et Zucc. Fl. Jap. 2: 70. t. 133. 1870; Pilger in Engler, Pflanzenr. 18 Heft, 4 (5): 79. 1903, et in Engler u. Prantl, Pflanzemfam. ed. 2. 13: 248. 1926; Beissn. Handb. Nadelh. ed. 2. 41. 1909, Beissn. u. Fitsch. ibidem ed. 3. 62. 1930; Wils. Conif. Taxade Jap. 3. t. 56. 1916, et in Journ. Arn. Arb. 8: 88. 1827; Pax in Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 12: 303. 1922; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. 49. 1923, ed. 3. 73. 1948, rev. Harrison, Handb. Conif. and Ginkgo. ed. 4. 534. 1966; Rehd. Man. Cult. Trees and Shrubs 2. 1927, ed. 2. 6. 1940, et Bibliogr. 5. 1949; Groff in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 9: 276. 1930; Dance in Gard. Chron. ser. 3. 188: 363. 1930;郑万钧, 科学社生物所论文集8: 300. 1933; Coutois in Belval, Fl. Ngan-hoei 19. 1933;陈嵘, 中国树木分类学14. 图10. 1937; Metcalf, Fl. Fukien 1: 20. 1940, pro parte; 刘玉壶中研汇报1 (2): 147-1947; N. E. Gray in Journ. Arn. Arb. 39: 471. 1958; 裴鉴、单人骅等, 江苏南部种子植物手册3. 图3. 1959; 郑万钧等, 中国树木学1: 269.图125 (1-2). 1961; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 110. 1965;中国科学院植物研究所, 中国高等植物图鉴1: 327. 图653. 1972.——Taxus macrophylla Thunb. Fl. Jap. 276. 1784.
形态特征:乔木,高达20米,胸径约60厘米。树皮灰色或灰黑色,浅片裂。叶螺旋状排列,线状披针形,长7-12厘米,宽7-10毫米,先端锐尖或钝尖,基部楔形,两面中脉明显,隆起。雄球花3-7穗簇生于极短的总梗上,圆柱形,长3-5厘米;雄球花单生叶腋,有梗。种子卵圆形,长1-1.2厘米,熟时肉质假种皮紫黑色,被白粉,种托肉质,圆柱形,红色或紫红色,种梗长1-1.5厘米。花期4-5月,种子8-9月成熟。
分    布:云南、广东、浙江
生    境:长江流域以南
繁殖方式:种子
习    性:阳生
药用部位:全草
药用功能:祛风散寒、活血解毒
药用主治:祛风散寒、活血解毒

《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Podocarpus macrophyllus  (Thunberg) Sweet
罗汉松   luo han song
Trees to 20 m tall; trunk to 60 cm d.b.h.; bark gray or grayish brown, peeling off in thin flakes; branches spreading or erect-spreading, rather dense; branchlets glabrous or pubescent. Leaves spirally arranged, sessile; blade dark green and glossy adaxially, grayish green, pale green, or tinged white abaxially, linear-lanceolate, oblanceolate, or oblong-oblanceolate, slightly curved, 1.7-12 cm × 2-10 mm, midvein prominently raised adaxially, slightly raised abaxially, base cuneate, apex mucronate or acute to long acuminate. Pollen cones axillary, usually in clusters of 3-5 on very short peduncle, spikelike, 3-5 cm, with several triangular bracts at base. Seed-bearing structures axillary, solitary, pedunculate, with few basal bracts. Receptacle red or purplish red when ripe, columnar. Epimatium purplish black when ripe, with white powder. Seed ovoid, ca. 1 cm in diam., apex rounded. Pollination Apr-May, seed maturity Aug-Sep. 2n = 38.
Forests, open thickets, roadsides; near sea level to 1000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, ?Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang; introduced or status uncertain in Shaanxi [Japan, ?N Myanmar].

【拼音名】 Luó Hàn Sōnɡ
【别名】 土杉、罗汉杉
【来源】 竹柏科竹柏属植物罗汉松Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb.)D. Don,以根皮球果入药。根四季可采,秋季采球果。
【性味】 甘,微温。
【功能主治】 果:益气补中。用于心胃气痛,血虚面色萎黄。
根皮:活血止痛,杀虫。用于跌打损伤,癣。
【用法用量】 果1~3钱;根皮外用适量,加黄酒捣烂敷患处。
【备注】 (1)短叶罗汉松(小叶罗汉松)Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb.)D. Don var. maki (Sieb.)Endl.其性味功能、主治用法均与罗汉松相类似。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》

TOP