栏目

吊钟花Enkianthus quinqueflorus Lour.

吊钟花Enkianthus quinqueflorus Lour.

别名:吊钟;铃儿花;白鸡烂树;山连召;

科名:杜鹃花科 Ericaceae

属名:吊钟花属 Enkianthus

《中国植物志》第57(3)卷012页
  2.吊钟花(广东肇庆府志)铃儿花(植物名实图考)、白鸡烂树(广东)、山连召(四川石柱)图版4:1-2
  Enkianthus quinqueflorus Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 1: 277. 1790: Chung in Mem. Sci. Soc. Chin. 1: 120. 1924; P. Dop in Lecte. Fl. Gin. Indo-Chine 3: 723. fig. 81. 1930; Fang in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Sci. Soc. China Bot. Ser. 10: 16. 1935: Merr. et Chun in Sunyatsenia 5: 157. 1940;陈嵘, 中国树木分类学961. 1953;广州植物志466. 图255. 1956; 中国高等植物图鉴3: 171. 图4295. 1974; 海南植物志3: 144. 图635. 1974; T. Z. Hsu. in Act Bot. Yunn. 4:357. 1982;云南植物志4: 572. 图版162, 3-5. 1986.——Enkianthus dunnii Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 9: 448. 1911 et Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 148. 1914; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 15: 278. 1934, l. c. 18: 230. 1937: Chamberl. in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 35 (2): 257. 1977. ——E. cavaleriei Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 9:448. 1411. ——E. xanthoxantha Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 9: 448. 1911 et Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 148. 1914.
  灌木或小乔木,高1-3(-7)米;树皮灰黄色;多分枝,枝圆柱状,无毛。冬芽长椭圆状卵形,芽鳞边缘具白色绒毛。叶常密集于枝顶,互生,革质,两面无毛,长圆形或倒卵状长圆形,长(3-)5-10厘米,宽(1-)2-4厘米,先端渐尖且具钝头或小突尖,基部渐狭而成短柄,边缘反卷,全缘或稀向顶部疏生细齿,中脉在两面清晰,侧脉6-7对,自中脉羽状伸出,连同网脉在两面明显;叶柄圆柱形,长(5-)l0-15(-20)毫米,灰黄色,无毛。花通常3-8(-13)朵组成伞房花序,从枝顶覆瓦状排列的红色大苞片内生出,苞片长圆状椭圆形、匙形或线状披针形,膜质;花梗长1.5-2厘米,绿色,无毛;花萼5裂,裂片三角状披针形,长2-4毫米,先端被纤毛;花冠宽钟状,长约1.2厘米,粉红色或红色,口部5裂,裂片钝,微反卷;雄蕊10枚,短于花冠,花丝扁平,白色,被柔毛,花药黄色;子房卵圆形,有5条脊痕,无毛,花柱长约5毫米,无毛。蒴果椭圆形,淡黄色,长8-12毫米,具5棱;果梗直立,粗壮,绿色,长3-5毫米,无毛。花期3-5月,果期5-7月。
  分布于江西、福建、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南。生于海拔600-2 400米的山坡灌丛中。越南亦有分布。
  为一美丽的观赏花卉,在广州花市享有盛誉。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 14 (2005)
Enkianthus quinqueflorus  Loureiro
吊钟花   diao zhong hua
Shrubs or small trees, deciduous, 1–3(–10) m tall. Twigs glabrous. Leaf petiole 0.5–1.5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate, or obovate-lanceolate, rarely lanceolate, 5–15 × 1.6–5 cm, leathery, glabrous, midvein abaxially raised, adaxially ± flat, secondary and fine veins distinctly raised on both surfaces, base cuneate, margin entire, sometimes sparsely sinuolate-serrulate towards apex, apex acuminate or shortly abruptly acuminate. Inflorescence umbellate, 3–8-flowered. Pedicel 1–2 cm, glabrous. Calyx glabrous; lobes ovate-lanceolate or triangular-lanceolate, 2–3 mm. Corolla pink, red, or white, broadly campanulate, 0.8–1.2 cm; lobes recurved, triangular-ovate. Stamens ca. 4 mm; filaments pubescent. Ovary glabrous or densely pubescent. Capsule 5-angled, 7–12 mm; stalk erect, 2–3.5 mm. Fl. Jan–Jun, fr. Mar–Sep.
Mixed forests, hillsides, dry places; 600–1500(–2400) m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [Vietnam].

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